When we look at the Brazilian economy and wonder why growth has been so low for so long, an uncomfortable part of the answer lies in the private sect itself. Brazil is a notorious breeding ground for zombie companies. These are firms that cannot generate enough profit even to pay the interest on their own debt, but remain in existence because the financial system allows for the constant rollover of this liability. They do not innovate, they do not grow, they do not increase productivity.
According to an article by Granzotto et al. (2025) in the Brazilian Review of Finance, which compares companies in various emerging markets, on average 7.6% of firms are "static zombies" (firms with EBITDA/Financial Expenses < 1) and 5.5% are "dynamic zombies" (EBITDA/Financial Expenses >/= 1) in these markets.
In the Brazilian case, 16.75% of companies are classified as static zombies and 13.94% as dynamic zombies! In other words, more than double the average for emerging markets. The authors themselves bluntly state that Brazil is the "heart of the zombie economy" among emerging markets, about 2.3 times above the international standard.
To clarify what this means: we are talking about companies that cannot generate enough profit to cover their financial costs, meaning that investors will have to wait longer to recover their principal, and that workers will be employed in firms without the capacity to invest in new technologies and processes that could improve their human capital and productivity.
The article shows that this mass of zombie companies distorts capital allocation, reduces aggregate productivity, and weakens investment dynamics. Credit, labor, and resources are trapped in financially fragile firms, while more productive companies face a hostile financing environment. And this, of course, has a cost in terms of potential economic growth.
As long as the Brazilian government does not address the problem of reforming the business environment and its capital markets, these types of inefficiencies will continue to persist and condemn workers and investors to remain trapped in firms that should be defunct.
SOURCE: https://t.co/a8MPL6y7xz
#Economía #econtwitter #Economics #Finance #Brazil
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Bora simbora!
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Pegaremos a 100T no sorteio dos times que ficaram 1-2 no camp
Passaremos da 100T, e vamos ficar 2-2 no campeonato.
Podem vir me cobrar depois.
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