BB24

[AFRICAN & BLACK HISTORY @AfricanArchives]

In the 16th century, the Songhai Empire had a Minister of Etiquette & Protocol and a royal astronomer. They operated with a level of organization many people still don’t associate with pre-colonial Africa.

The Songhai Empire of West Africa maintained a structured imperial administration with specialized offices. Among them was a position often translated as a “Minister for Etiquette and Protocol,” responsible for managing court ceremony, diplomatic conduct, and the formal interactions between the emperor, officials, envoys, and visiting merchants. Such roles reflected how organized and ceremonial the imperial court had become, comparable to bureaucratic offices in contemporary empires elsewhere in the world.

Further east, in the medieval Kanem-Bornu Kingdom around Lake Chad, the court included a position described in some historical records as an “Astronomer Royal.” This office was linked to calendar keeping, religious observance, navigation, and the interpretation of celestial events — showing that astronomy was an important part of governance, scholarship, and Islamic learning in Central Africa.

These roles remind us that African civilizations were not only centers of trade and military power, but also places of structured governance, scholarship, and scientific knowledge. Courts required diplomats, administrators, scholars, and specialists, just like those in Europe, the Middle East, or Asia during the same period.

[Peché Africa 🇿🇦 @pmcafrica]

Stollen transformer located by dedicated employee..

[George Galloway @georgegalloway]

Good on him for speaking up

[Manny Pacquiao @MannyPacquiao]

I enjoy every training. It’s hard work, but I love what I do. And when the music is good, why not dance a little? 😄🥊

[SheepInWolvesSkin @Mickzo]

𝐈𝐏𝐇𝐂 𝐦𝐞𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫𝐬 𝐥𝐞𝐭’𝐬 𝐞𝐱𝐚𝐦𝐢𝐧𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐢𝐬 𝐜𝐚𝐫𝐞𝐟𝐮𝐥𝐥𝐲.

Modise is referred to as the "Comforter" a title Scripture uses for the Holy Spirit.

Before Jesus departed from the earth, He promised His disciples that the Father would send them another Comforter — 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐇𝐨𝐥𝐲 𝐒𝐩𝐢𝐫𝐢𝐭 (John 14:16–17 and John 14: 26).

In 𝐈𝐏𝐇𝐂 worship , traditional Zion hymns that would ordinarily refer to God or Jesus Christ are reportedly adapted to use the word "Comforter" referring to Modise in their belief.

The question is simple to 𝐈𝐏𝐇𝐂: Does Scripture give any man the authority to take a title associated with the Holy Spirit and claim that position for himself?

[Precious 💞 @GreenWorldCTM]

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[Dj NDILE @MzwandileSontu2]

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