Joshua Rollins

World History & Mexican American Studies Teacher
WNMU Graduate Student

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

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[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

@MantrasMumbling The influence the PRI has had on media in Mexico certainly coincides with Gillingham’s claims on propaganda. #Hist466

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

@dlrwnmu Interesting to note the importance of the timber industry, especially when compared to textiles. Timber was important in the southern states. #Hist466

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

@MantrasMumbling @dlrwnmu Very possible, especially with the longevity of the corridos. #Hist466

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

Corridos served to tell stories of the Zapatistas and Villistas while sponsored propaganda maintained the Carrancista story. The Carranza administration subsidized many Mexican newspapers including El Paso del Norte and El Pueblo (57). #Hist466

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

@tajmahalo1133 Yes, especially as evidenced in Gillingham’s work. The dictablanda influenced how the collective was perceived. #Hist466

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

Benjamin constructed his work on La Revolucíon using voceros de la Revolución. These voceros make up the collective memory of Mexico's history. #Hist466

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

@CNMBrandon @dlrwnmu Looking at Benjamin’s sources, he tends to focus a lot on the literate upper class voices. Although he does look at Zapatistas/Villistas, more attention is paid to the former. #Hist466

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

Thomas Benjamin argues that the revolutionaries did not make the Revolution, but rather, the Revolution acted through revolutionaries (45). #Hist466

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

The impact of the Revolution on Mexican society post-1940 is written about in different terms by Gonzales and Gillingham. Gonzales sees the Revolution as having more of a definitive ending-- Gillingham recognizes the impact as fluid and lasting to the present. #Hist466

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

Though Guerrero still had massive political/social problems in the 1950s it did have “a bigger economy, better public health, and a more stable, centrally controlled government” (283). #Hist466

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

Mexico’s balance between democracy and authoritarianism (with adjectives according to Gillingham) in the mid-twentieth century characterize the dictablanda. #Hist466

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

Electoral rigging in Mexico from the 1940s-1960s required infiltration from the federal down to the local level. Gillingham writes that it took place at “the convocatoria, the primarias, the constitucionales, the junta computadora, and the comisión dictaminadora” (140) #Hist466

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

Guerrero’s economic success did not parallel Veracruz’s. The vast majority of its inhabitants were still engaged in agricultural work (16). #Hist466

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

Veracruz’s economic success was somewhat dependent on the oil industry. Post-1922 tax payments (although relatively small) “constituted up to 20 percent of Veracruz’s total revenues” (Gillingham 2021, 47).

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

The term Guerrero bronco refers to the state’s violent political culture in the mid-1900s. Gillingham addresses the state’s turmoil as a mixture of both geographical and political upheaval. #Hist466

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

Gillingham proposes the term to characterize Mexico’s government from the 1940s to the 1960s stating that it “seems useful for its balance of precision and comparison” (3). #Hist466

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

In Unrevolutionary Mexico, Gillinghman argues Mexico has had one of the “few great social and political revolutions” (1). #Hist466

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

He also refers Mexico’s post-revolutionary period as the “dictablanda” — a combination of both dictatorship and softness (2).

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

@tajmahalo1133 @dlrwnmu @Eliazar61826971 I think geopolitics played a large role as well. The Zapatistas in Morelos were united in the cause for agrarian reform. The Villistas, at least on the surface, focused more on land acquisition for individuals fighting with Villa. #Hist466

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

Gonzales' statement on Villa's land reformation in action exposes the Chihuahuan's individualism: "Villa's focus had been on rewarding his soldiers with land, rather than advocating a general land redistribution" (188). #Hist466

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

@MantrasMumbling @dlrwnmu @Eliazar61826971 It also garnered Villa enemies in northern Mexico as well as a fracture with Zapatista ideology. #Hist466

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

@dlrwnmu Yes, an homage to the past and remembrance of 'La Revolución itself' (132).

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

Mexico's 'Monument to the Revolution' commemorates the Revolution as a social one. Some historians that it was "a tribute the institutional government made to itself" (Benjamin 2002, 118). #Hist466

[Joshua Rollins @wnmujoshr]

@dlrwnmu I agree, and many of the voices were anonymous. His concept of the 'collective memory' is interesting. #Hist466