🏀 2024 NBA DRAFT 🗽
My exclusive one-on-one interview with Providence (@PCFriarsmbb) guard Devin Carter (@kingcarter2225), who was selected 13th overall by the @SacramentoKings in the 2024 #NBA draft
“(Sacramento) was my number 1. This was the team I wanted to go to”
@CBSSacramento | #NBADraft
From @BBC: "Nick Norwitz, 28, who graduated from Oxford University with a PhD in [Metabolism] and is currently in his fourth year of medical school at @Harvard, said he believes CGMs can be powerful tools because glucose is 'a bellwether for what’s happening hormonally in your body.' ... over the long term, the hormonal changes associated with frequent glucose spikes could cause negative effects, including through fat gain... But, he added, glucose is just one metric, and shouldn’t drive all health decisions."
https://t.co/LhorgnkEc3
I was quoted in this morning's BBC, and wanted to provide brief elaboration on the points/counterpoints regarding the over-the-counter use of Continuous Glucose Monitors (CGMs).
(1) Absence of Evidence that CGM improve Outcomes in persons w/o Diabetes.
This is true. However, it is also true that myriad people/patients attest that #CGM provide useful biofeedback that inspire them to commence lifestyle change.
As a result, they find themselves loosing weight, sticking to their (lower glycemic load) diet, and 'feeling' more energized physically and clear mentally.
But are these just 'anecdotes?' Perhaps.
But at what point did the individual experience stop mattering? Isn't it fair to provide a range of tools and interventions, some of which may benefit some people, and others which will benefit others?
(2) People are going to misinterpret the data, leading to maladaptive choices.
I've heard quite "interesting" variations of this argument, including that CGM are going to dissuade people from exercise because exercise can increase blood glucose.
More commonly, the "fruit" argument is raised: that natural glycemic variation in response to fruit will scare people off from eating blueberries.
While this is possible, I see this as an issue of education - not a defect in the tool. Quoting myself from the BCC article, "glucose is just one metric, and shouldn’t drive all health decisions."
We have a responsibility (and people have a responsibility to themselves) to learn to use a tool (in this case interpret data from a tool) properly. The same goes for any tool...
A hammer is not "bad" if a person misses a nail and slams their thumb with the hammer. That person was just a poor user and should either learn to use the tool correctly or avoid using it.
I'm not trying to "throw shade." I'm just highlighting the simple opinion that I don't think everyone should be limited in their access to a potentially beneficial tool (and largely safe) tool because of an education deficit. And, when misinterpretations arise, that's a moment for teaching and learning.
(3) Absence of Evidence isn't Evidence of Absence.
This loops back to point 1. But what I aim to highlight here is, while there aren't "rigorous data" showing CGMs benefit the general public in terms of health outcomes, that doesn't mean this isn't possible - or even likely - in properly selected individuals.
There are data both that minimizing glycemic excretions may improve weight loss and maintenance vis-a-vis the #CIM (ht/ @davidludwigmd https://t.co/NrK5qDr4tW), and that there's individual variability in response to the same foods (https://t.co/vbfdJ9OTvE), which can be uncovered by personal (responsible) CGM use, enabling adaptive targeting of food choices.
That there isn't an RCT showing outcome benefits in terms of incidence of new-onset diabetes, etc. seems largely immaterial IMHO. In fact, an RCT design may be disadvantageous in that it overlooks the important feature of self-selection that is important in the real world... Otherwise stated, nobody is forcing anyone to wear a CGM; it's just now an option for those who feel they might benefit.
And, FWIW, when we ran a pilot using CGM for medical education @harvardmed, it was immensely popular 😉
https://t.co/hzvJbQezc1
Ht/ @hollyhonderich. Thank you for taking the time to speak with me. I enjoyed our conversation.
Cc @davidludwigmd@CaseyMeansMD@calleymeans (currently enjoying your @hubermanlab episode on my day off as I do laundry) @PeterAttiaMD@ChrisPalmerMD@Levels@AbbottNews@BenBikmanPhD@DominicDAgosti2@drjasonfung@realDaveFeldman@DaveEDanna@foundmyfitness@Derek_Fitness@ThomasDeLauer@theproof@BiggestComeback
Please everyone feel encouraged to give their two cents. I can see both sides of the story and feel that - given that CGMa re more widely available - we should not more than ever have reasonable discussion about their potential benefits and potential drawbacks... and how to maximize the former while minimizing the latter.
🦴NEW DATA @Cell_Metabolism🦴
How does #microbiome metabolism intersect with weight-bearing exercise and bone health?
👉https://t.co/X0dmAjPJWy
Background: Osteocytes coordinates bone’s response to mechanical stress, and serve as conductors between the osteoblasts, which build bones, and osteoclasts, which break them down.
Some Study Results 👇
🦴High responder (HR) mice have LARGE improvements in bone quality in response to mechanical stress, and are differentiated from low-responder (LR) mice by the presence of Lachnospiraceae bacteria
💩Fecal transplants from high responder mice (or Lachnospiraceae 🦠 transplants), can confer the HR phenotype, i.e. better bone response to mechanical loading (e.g. treadmill running)
🤔WHAT key product produced by the bacteria is mediating the effect?
The answer: L-citrulline.
L-citrulline is converted by the kidneys to L-arginine by and L-arginine serves as a substrate for the production of Nitric Oxide, which can signal in osteocytes to help improve bone’s response to mechanical stress.
👉In mice, L-citrulline supplementation replicated the High responder phenotype!
I myself may consider 3g L-citrulline supplementation. See video for more details as to why.
Full video (released 30s ago 😊), here: https://t.co/X0dmAjPJWy
⚠️ WARNING ⚠️
Full video comes with a personal disclosure
🦠🤔🦠🤔🦠🤔🦠
Also on “Gut Sense”… enjoyed recent @hubermanlab with @gutbrains
That episode, here: https://t.co/0yDA0e98bC
Gave me thoughts 💭
Cc @scicomm@R_Mohr
🚨Sugar Metabolite, Methylglyoxal, Bypasses Genetics in Cancer🚨
👉Full video: https://t.co/TExJHJ8FEm
🧬Cancer cells arise from the accumulation of genetic defects. Our cells have many “tumor suppressors” to keep this in check. And, because we each have 2 copies of each gene it’s generally thought that you need to lose both copies of a tumor suppressor before that break is effectively broken. This is Knudson’s two hit paradigm.
🛡️🛡️For example, you may be born with a mutation in one copy of the tumor suppressor BRCA2 but it’s not until you lose the other copy due to mutagenesis later in life – this is called “loss of heterozygosity” -- that mutations really start to pile up... However...
🍩NEW research finds that methylglyoxal (MGO), a byproduct of glucose or fructose metabolism (elevated in diabetes) can circumvent the need for the "two hits" and episodically disable tumor suppressor function to promote mutagenesis/cancer initiation
Modified quote (reduced jargon): "[W]e speculate that periodic episodes of [induced tumor suppression inactivation] triggered by intermittent metabolic stress could spark [events] that contribute to the patterns of genome evolution recently identified during early steps in [cancer formation]. In other words, our findings raise the possibility that metabolic bypass of the two-hit requirement for tumor suppression—demonstrated in this [paper may] be an unrecognized yet widespread mechanism that [connects metabolic] alterations with cancer initiation."
👉See full video: https://t.co/TExJHJ8FEm
Cc @DominicDAgosti2@BenBikmanPhD@Sam_Apple1@travelingenes@calleymeans@DaveEDanna@realDaveFeldman@drchatterjeeuk
Our staff update this week focused on research in Trinity. Prof. Sinéad Ryan, Dean of Research, presented this graph illustrating the chronic underfunding of research in Ireland.
We have great research successes, but we could do so much more if the sector was funded adequately.