الشبك يعيّب عالمنخل
الوضع في الساحة الجينية:
اللي ابناء عمهم افارقة يسخرون من اللي ابناء عمهم ايرانيين، وذول بدورهم يسخرون من اللي عيال عمهم هنود.
وابناء عم الهنود يرجعون ويسخرون من ابناء عم الافارقة، وهكذا.
كل من على باله انه خالي من العيوب.
كلهم خطوطهم الله عالم فيها، لو نعرضها الكل يزعل.
من القبائل العربية التي أظهرت فحوصات جينية تحور R1a: قريش (بما فيها الهاشميون والعلويون في السعودية وعمان والبحرين)، الدليم الزبيدية في العراق، العبيدلي في الإمارات، وبعض عائلات حضرموت مثل آل باوزير في اليمن. هذه النتائج من مشاريع مثل R-Arabia ومشاريع يمنية، لكنها لا تمثل القبائل كلها، إذ يعتمد على عينات محدودة. R1a-Z93 شائعة في الشرق الأوسط مرتبطة بتدفقات تاريخية.
12,968 Y-700 samples of paternally Ashkenazi descent on FTDNA, and their deep Y-DNA origins. A summary:
- 1,171 samples out of the 12,968 have post-exile European origins, comprising 9% of their paternal lineages. The steppe-derived lineages primarily derive from their Middle Eastern predecessors.
- 91% of the remaining lineages are derived almost exclusively from West Asia, barring some very rare Berber, Nilo-Saharan, Northwest Caucasian, etc., mediated clades.
- On the pre-exile side, there is a much more heterogeneous spread of haplogroups than one might initially suspect.
- West Iranic-derived haplogroups comprise ~30% of all Ashkenazi lineages. These include R1a-Z93>CTS6>Y2619 (notably the lineage of Benjamin Netanyahu); R1a-Z93>Y16006>R-BY33370 (the Haumavarga Saka upstream plots with heavy SCA Iranian ancestry); Q1b-L245>Y2200 deriving from WSHG > Proto-Iranian > West Iranian; G1-L1324>L201; G2b-M377>BY764; and R2a-F1758>FGC13211 deriving from SCA > early Iranians > West Iranians. There is also a cluster of Afghans who match pre-R2a-F1758 but have not yet upgraded to Y-700.
- From the 6 west Iranian haplogroups, 3 are major Y-DNA founder effect mutations in modern Ashkenaz.
- E1b-L791 is a clade with a non-Semitic root and unidentified West Asian expansions, in which Ashkenazis match Balochis living in the Gulf on the immediate upstream branch of E-Y6923 at 1800 BCE.
- The largest single Y-DNA clade is the Cohen lineage on the Semitic branch J1-L862>ZS222, a pan-Jewish lineage connecting Ashkenazim, Mizrahim, and others.
- Eight major clusters can be identified: J1-L862>ZS222, R1a-Z93>CTS6>Y2619, E1b-L791>Y6923, G2b-M377>BY764, J1-L818>L816, Q1b-L245>Y2200, J2-M67>L210>Z30390, and J2-M67>M92>L556.
- A clear migratory pattern emerges when holistically examining all available haplogroups. Ashkenazi paternal origins become clear: a wave of ancient Jewry moves into Mesopotamia and assimilates a very large chunk of local and neighbouring peoples. From this event, a core group of Jewry forms, which becomes the primary precursor of the Jews who later make it into Europe and become the Ashkenazi branch.
Note: Finding these samples was incredibly difficult, as the Jewish FTDNA projects are locked from public view, which makes the vetting process extremely hard. I started this project in 2022 purely out of personal interest, and finally got around to finishing it. I will update this in the distant future if the clade dataset significantly improves, or more information about some of the unidentified mutations are found.