FelixGM

Maestro en ciencias médicas. Medicina, ciencia, cultura, sociedad

[Dr. Priyam Bordoloi @DocPriyamMD]

The correct answer is C) Pour water into their mouth.

1. ​Pinning someone down (A) can tear muscles or break bones. Putting a spoon in their mouth (B) will shatter their teeth. Both are terrible mistakes, but pouring water (C) can actively kill them.

2. ​During a seizure, a person completely loses their swallowing and gag reflexes. Any liquid poured into their mouth bypasses the stomach and goes straight down the trachea into their lungs. You are essentially drowning them and causing fatal aspiration.

3. So what SHOULD you actually do? D) Roll them onto their side.

​Here is the correct protocol to protect someone during a seizure:

• ​Roll them on their side: This allows saliva or vomit to drain out, protecting their airway.

• ​Protect the head: Place a jacket or pillow underneath it.

• ​Clear the area: Move sharp or hard objects away.

• ​Time it: Call an ambulance if the seizure lasts longer than 5 minutes.
​NEVER put anything in their mouth.

FOLLOW for more such posts.

[Antonio García-Hermoso @a_garciahermoso]

¿Qué huella deja el ejercicio en nuestro corazón?❤️🧬

No todos los entrenamientos escriben el mismo mensaje: el ejercicio aeróbico y la fuerza parecen activar señales protectoras, mientras que la ultra-resistencia exige más recuperación y personalización

https://t.co/nx1URJVuJd

[James Lucas @JamesLucasIT]

When Michelangelo finished this statue, the story goes that he struck it across the knee with his hammer and shouted: "Why don't you speak?"

Looking at it, you can see why he expected an answer.

The figure is Moses, carved by Michelangelo between 1513 and 1515 for the tomb of Pope Julius II, and it stands today in the church of San Pietro in Vincoli in Rome.

It is one of the most lifelike things ever cut from stone, and Michelangelo himself is said to have considered it his most living creation.

According to the legend, when it was done, the silence of something so alive was more than he could bear. He hit its knee and demanded that it speak. Some say a faint mark on the knee is still there…

Look first at the head, and you will see something strange: two horns rising from his hair. They are not a symbol of evil. They are one of the most famous translation errors in history. When the Hebrew scriptures were rendered into Latin, the word describing Moses coming down from Mount Sinai, karan, was read as "horned." But the same set of letters can also mean "radiant," "emitting rays of light." Moses' face was not growing horns. It was shining. By Michelangelo's time the mistranslation was centuries old and fixed in tradition, so he carved the horns, as nearly every artist before him had.

Then look at the face. The head is turned to one side, the brows drawn down, the eyes fixed on something beyond the room. Many scholars believe Michelangelo caught Moses in a single specific instant: the moment he comes down from the mountain holding the commandments and sees his people worshipping a golden idol, the breath before his fury erupts. The whole body is tensed on the edge of motion, and yet it will never move.

Michelangelo believed every block of marble held a living figure inside it, waiting to be set free. With Moses, he came closer than anyone ever had, and when he laid down his tools, only one thing was still beyond him: he had made a man who could do everything but speak...

I started this newsletter because our past is extraordinary, and fewer and fewer people are showing us how to see it. Every week I try to. If that is something you would like to be part of, you can join at the link below, and if you'd like to support my work, a paid subscription is what makes it possible:

https://t.co/hgJUdR0jlx

Thanks for reading.

[Dra. Angie @mncangie]

🦠¿La obesidad empieza en el intestino o en la mitocondria?
La evidencia sugiere que ambas están conectadas.
La disbiosis intestinal puede aumentar la inflamación, alterar la función mitocondrial, favorecer resistencia a la insulina, acumulación de grasa y disfunción metabólica.

[Universum Museo @UniversumMuseo]

#UnDíaComoHoy nace Jacques Cousteau, explorador y oceanógrafo que despertó nuestros ojos a las profundas maravillas del universo oceánico. 🤩🌊🪼🐠🐟🦀🐙🐳🐬🦭

#TuUniversum

[OPTIMISTIC DOCTOR @Ennan_D]

What is the gold standard test for diagnosing DVT?
A. D-dimer
B. Ultrasound (compression Doppler)
C. CT scan
D. X-ray

[MedicoNotes @MedicoNotes]

🧠 BRAINSTEM STROKE LOCALIZATION

Master the classic crossed brainstem syndromes that frequently appear in exams and clinical practice.

⸻

1️⃣ Weber Syndrome (Midbrain)

➊ Lesion
• Cerebral peduncle (CN III + corticospinal tract)

➋ Features
• Ipsilateral CN III palsy
 – Ptosis
 – Mydriasis
 – “Down & out” eye
• Contralateral hemiparesis

💎 Pearl:
CN III palsy + opposite-sided weakness = Weber syndrome.

⸻

2️⃣ Millard–Gubler Syndrome (Pons)

➊ Lesion
• Ventral pons

➋ Features
• Ipsilateral CN VI palsy
 – Inability to abduct eye
 – Horizontal diplopia
• Contralateral hemiparesis

💎 Pearl:
Can’t abduct eye + opposite weakness = Millard–Gubler syndrome.

⸻

3️⃣ Wallenberg Syndrome (Lateral Medullary Syndrome)

➊ Vessel
• PICA occlusion

➋ Features
• Ipsilateral facial pain & temperature loss
• Dysphagia, hoarseness (CN IX, X)
• Vertigo, nystagmus, ataxia
• Horner syndrome
• Contralateral body pain & temperature loss

💎 Pearl:
“Don’t PICA horse that can’t eat”
→ PICA infarct = Dysphagia + Hoarseness.

⸻

4️⃣ Medial Medullary Syndrome

➊ Vessel
• Anterior spinal artery (ASA)

➋ Features
• Ipsilateral CN XII palsy
 – Tongue deviates toward lesion
• Loss of vibration/proprioception
• Contralateral body weakness & sensory loss

💎 Pearl:
Tongue weakness + contralateral deficits = Medial medullary syndrome.

⸻

🚨 Exam Trick

🔹 Midbrain → CN III → Weber

🔹 Pons → CN VI → Millard–Gubler

🔹 Lateral Medulla → PICA → Wallenberg

🔹 Medial Medulla → ASA → Medial Medullary Syndrome

⸻

📚 Master Neuroanatomy, Stroke Localization & Neurology Exams with the MedicoNotes Neurology Book.

🌐 Visit our website: https://t.co/2UQyCbb6in

#Neurology #Stroke #BrainstemStroke #Neuroanatomy #MedicoNotes

[The Nobel Prize @NobelPrize]

"It’s hard to develop new things if you do not understand how the world works. And that’s really the goal of basic science; that’s its intrinsic value. I would argue that every modern medical advancement is directly tied to advances in basic science."

Paul Modrich explains that history has shown us knowledge is power – and knowledge comes from basic research. Scientists, now more than ever, are having to fight for funding because it requires long-term investment without immediate commercial return.

In 1989, through studies of bacterial viruses, Modrich showed how methyl groups attached to the DNA molecule act as signals for repairing incorrect replications of DNA. These discoveries have increased our understanding of how the living cell works, the causes of cancer and about ageing processes.

Modrich shares the 2015 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Tomas Lindahl and Aziz Sancar for mechanistic studies of DNA repair.

[Sandra Lopez-Leon MD PhD @sandralopezleon]

⚕️📖 Historia de la Medicina ¿Por qué se llaman así las enfermedades? 
Los nombres médicos antiguos son una joya: descriptivos, poéticos y graciosos. Los médicos de antes nombraban todo por lo que veían, olían, sentían o creían que lo causaba. Aquí el Top 10
Abro 🧵

[Consorcio Mexicano de Vigilancia Genómica @CoViGenMex]

Nos complace compartir la publicación más reciente del @CoViGenMex
En este estudio analizamos qué ocurrió con el virus de la influenza en México tras la pandemia de COVID-19.
📄 Consulte el artículo completo: https://t.co/Bn70FD6xLI

[Dr.Marlon Villanueva™ 🩺 𝕏 @MarlonVFZR]

🫁⚡ 𝐓𝐄𝐏 𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟔: 𝐝𝐞𝐣𝐚𝐦𝐨𝐬 𝐝𝐞 𝐞𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐫 𝐞𝐥 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐜𝐤 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐚 𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐮𝐚𝐫
⬇️⬇️⬇️⬇️

La nueva clasificación 𝐀𝐇𝐀/𝐀𝐂𝐂 𝟐𝟎𝟐𝟔 cambia la forma de pensar el tromboembolismo pulmonar agudo.

❌ Antes: bajo riesgo, intermedio bajo, intermedio alto y masivo.

✅ Ahora: 𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐠𝐨𝐫𝐢́𝐚𝐬 𝐀–𝐄, una progresión desde el hallazgo incidental hasta el shock establecido.

🟢 𝐀 — 𝐓𝐄𝐏 𝐢𝐧𝐜𝐢𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐲 𝐚𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐨𝐦𝐚́𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐨
🔹 Hallazgo en imagen
🔹 Sin síntomas
🔹 Sin compromiso hemodinámico

➡️ Manejo: anticoagulación.

🟢 𝐁 — 𝐓𝐄𝐏 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐨𝐦𝐚́𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐨 𝐝𝐞 𝐛𝐚𝐣𝐚 𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐯𝐞𝐝𝐚𝐝
🔹 Disnea, dolor torácico o taquicardia
🔹 Presión arterial normal
🔹 Sin disfunción cardiopulmonar

➡️ Manejo: anticoagulación.

🟡 𝐂 — 𝐑𝐢𝐞𝐬𝐠𝐨 𝐚𝐮𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐝𝐨
🔹 Dilatación o disfunción del ventrículo derecho
🔹 Troponina/BNP elevados
🔹 Sin shock

⚠️ Mayor riesgo de deterioro.
➡️ Anticoagulación + vigilancia estrecha.

🟠 𝐃 — 𝐅𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐚 𝐜𝐚𝐫𝐝𝐢𝐨𝐩𝐮𝐥𝐦𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐫 𝐢𝐧𝐜𝐢𝐩𝐢𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐞
🔹 Disfunción significativa del VD
🔹 Biomarcadores elevados
🔹 El paciente puede mantener una PA normal

🚨 Aquí está el mayor cambio:
𝐈𝐝𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐫 𝐚𝐥 𝐩𝐚𝐜𝐢𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐬 𝐝𝐞𝐥 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐜𝐤.

➡️ Considerar estrategias de reperfusión.

🔴 𝐄 — 𝐒𝐡𝐨𝐜𝐤 𝐞𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐝𝐨
🔹 Hipotensión
🔹 Hipoperfusión
🔹 Colapso cardiovascular inminente

🚑 Reperfusión inmediata.

🎯 𝐌𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐚𝐣𝐞 𝐜𝐥𝐚𝐯𝐞

El TEP grave ya no se define solo por la hipotensión.

🧠 El objetivo es reconocer la 𝐟𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐚 𝐝𝐞𝐥 𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐢́𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐨 𝐝𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐜𝐡𝐨 𝐚𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐬 𝐝𝐞𝐥 𝐜𝐨𝐥𝐚𝐩𝐬𝐨 𝐡𝐞𝐦𝐨𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐚́𝐦𝐢𝐜𝐨, ganar tiempo y actuar de manera temprana.

⚠️ El nuevo paradigma no es tratar el shock… es evitar que ocurra.

‼️Si te sirve: ❤️ Me gusta | 🔁 Repost | ➕ Follow para más👇🏼👇🏼👇🏼👇🏼

📚📖#ClubCrit👨🏻‍⚕️👨🏻‍🏫🧠🫶

#TEP #PulmonaryEmbolism #FOAMed #FOAMcc

[CardiovascularCorner @TrackYourHeart]

This patient demonstrates a rapid arterial upstroke followed by sudden collapse.

What is this sign called?
A. Pulsus paradoxus
B. Water-hammer pulse
C. Pulsus alternans
D. Bisferiens pulse

[MEDCRUX @medcrux]

A man walked into the ER with chest pain.

Thirty minutes later, the entire team was running.

The ECG wasn't the clue.

The troponin wasn't the clue.

One physical examination finding changed everything.

Can you guess what it was?

[Dr. August Bones @Ausbones]

The ECG is normal, the troponin is negative, and the chest X-ray is unremarkable. Six hours later, the patient is dead. What dangerous assumption may have been made?

[Iván Fernández Amil @ivanfamil]

En 1869, un químico ruso decidió inventar un extraño juego de cartas para explicar el caos del universo a sus alumnos. Terminó descubriendo el código secreto de toda la materia. Así fue como Dmitri Mendeléyev creó la tabla periódica de los elementos. Tira del hilo 🧵👇🏽👇🏽👇🏽

[Dr. Priyam Bordoloi @DocPriyamMD]

Which "natural" birth control method is statistically the MOST effective overall?

A) Withdrawal ("Pulling out")
B) Calendar Method
C) Symptothermal Method
D) Lactational Amenorrhea (Breastfeeding)

Bonus: Do you know of any other natural contraception methods?

[Dr. Priyam Bordoloi @DocPriyamMD]

Here is the exact in-depth biological reason why that patient's relative was actually right and why the OTC cough syrup aisle is a clinical nightmare!!

If a patient has a productive, purulent cough, the relative’s logic is flawless. The lungs are actively running the mucociliary escalator to expel dead pathogens, WBCs and debris.
Giving a central antitussive (like Dextromethorphan) here turns off the medullary cough center. You trap the infected exudate in the airways, easily turning a mild URI into a secondary bacterial pneumonia.

For a truly productive cough, we don't suppress. We use mucolytics/expectorants (like Ambroxol or Guaifenesin) to decrease sputum viscosity so the lungs can clear it faster.
Central suppressants are strictly for dry, exhaustive, post-viral hypersensitivity where the reflex serves zero physiological purpose other than causing sleep deprivation.

But here is where most people (and sometimes clinicians) get it wrong: reducing a cough to just "wet vs dry" is a massive oversimplification.....

👉If you just prescribe a syrup without taking a history, you will miss the actual pathology:
• Whooping/Paroxysmal? Think Pertussis.
• Barking? Think Croup.
• Chronic nocturnal? Think GERD or Cough-Variant Asthma.
• Chronic dry cough? Check their med list for an ACE Inhibitor.

⏰ The biggest pharmacological sin? "Multi-symptom" OTC syrups that combine a central suppressant with an expectorant.
You are chemically telling the lungs to clear mucus while simultaneously blocking the brain's ability to actually cough it out. It is biologically illogical.

Don't just suppress the reflex. Diagnose the pathology, understand the pharmacology and let the lungs do their job when they need to.

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[Oliverio @LuisOliverio]

Las nuevas Guías Latinoamericanas de Pancreatitis Aguda (2026). Puntos importantes:

🟢 Cambio en el paradigma (gracias a WATERFALL Trial y otros): reanimación hídrica moderada a 1.5 ml/kg/h, con bolo SOLO en caso de haber hipovolemia franca.
🟢 No uses antibióticos profilácticos, solo en caso de necrosis pancreática infectada.
🟢 La CPRE es urgente (<24 horas) solo si hay colangitis aguda, sino no.
🟢 Menos es más; intenta diferir por lo menos 4 semanas la intervención de colecciones pancreáticas. Y si se necesita, idealmente endoscópico transluminal guiado por ultrasonido.
🟢 La hipertrigliceridemia es una causa (sobre todo si >500-1,000 mg/dL). El tratamiento: insulina en infusión.

Las voy a leer a fondo para actualizar las apps (https://t.co/FZoAsLTFc2).

[Dr. Priyam Bordoloi @DocPriyamMD]

Statistically, at what time does the highest number of fatal heart attacks occur?

A) Friday night (after heavy drinking/eating)
B) Monday morning (between 6 AM and 10 AM)
C) Wednesday afternoon (peak stress)
D) Sunday evening (anticipatory anxiety)

Bonus: WHY does your cardiovascular system suddenly fail at this specific time?

[Dr.Haitham Hamoud | د.هيثم @hemo_shk]

Name of this "Triad"?