Krishanu Pradhan

Assistant Professor, Economics

[Afshine Emrani MD FACC @afshineemrani]

I'm a cardiologist. After 40, stop guessing about your health. These numbers tell you whether you're building a long, vibrant life — or quietly declining without knowing it.

I run these on myself. I run them on every patient I care about. Most are cheap bloodwork. All are available now. And together, they paint a picture no standard annual physical will ever give you. Print this. Bring it to your next appointment. Your 60-year-old self will thank you.
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𝗙𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗜𝗻𝘀𝘂𝗹𝗶𝗻
Target: below 5 μIU/mL. Ideal: 3-4.
This is the 10-year warning bell your standard panel completely misses. Your glucose and A1c can look "normal" for a decade while your pancreas is working overtime to keep them there. Fasting insulin catches insulin resistance 5-10 years before your A1c moves. By the time A1c rises, the damage is already extensive.

𝗛𝗢𝗠𝗔-𝗜𝗥
Target: below 1.0.
Calculated from fasting insulin and fasting glucose. The single best measure of insulin sensitivity. Above 1.0 and your metabolism is already under strain. Above 2.5 and you're insulin resistant — even if every other number looks fine.

𝗛𝗯𝗔𝟭𝗰
Target: below 5.4%.
Not below 5.7% — that's the threshold where medicine calls you "prediabetic." By then you've been metabolically compromised for years. Optimal is below 5.4%. Blood sugar mastery is longevity mastery.

𝗧𝗿𝗶𝗴𝗹𝘆𝗰𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗱𝗲 : 𝗛𝗗𝗟 𝗥𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼
Target: below 2. Ideal: below 1.
Your metabolic health crystal ball. This ratio predicts insulin resistance, cardiovascular risk, and metabolic syndrome better than any single lipid number alone. A ratio above 3.5 is a red flag regardless of what your total cholesterol says.

𝗔𝗽𝗼𝗕
Target: below 80 mg/dL for moderate risk. Below 60 for high risk.
I've written about this extensively. ApoB counts every atherogenic particle hitting your artery walls. A 2024 analysis found 54% of patients had dangerous levels that standard LDL testing completely missed. If you only know your LDL, you're driving with one eye closed.

𝗟𝗽(𝗮)
Test once in your lifetime.
100% genetic. 1 in 5 Americans are elevated. Triples heart attack risk independently of everything else on this list. Diet and exercise cannot lower it. The 2026 ACC/AHA guidelines now recommend everyone be tested. Most never have been.

𝗵𝘀-𝗖𝗥𝗣
Target: below 1.0 mg/L.
You can have perfect cholesterol and inflamed arteries silently preparing to rupture. hs-CRP measures the fire behind the plaque. The JUPITER trial proved that finding and treating inflammation saves lives — even when lipids look fine. If this number is elevated, your mouth, your gut, your metabolic health, and your visceral fat are the first places to investigate.

𝗩𝗶𝘁𝗮𝗺𝗶𝗻 𝗗
Target: 50-80 ng/mL.
Not the bare minimum of 30 your doctor accepts. Suboptimal vitamin D is linked to higher inflammation, weaker immunity, increased cardiovascular events, worse mood, and poorer outcomes across nearly every disease I treat. Supplement D3 with K2 — without K2, calcium deposits in your arteries instead of your bones.

𝗧𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗼𝗻𝗲 (𝗧𝗼𝘁𝗮𝗹 + 𝗙𝗿𝗲𝗲)
Men: optimal range 600-1000+ ng/dL total.
Declining testosterone is an independent predictor of cardiovascular death in men. It's tied to insulin resistance, arterial stiffness, visceral fat accumulation, and systemic inflammation. DHEA-S drops 10-20% every decade after 30. Tracking these isn't about vanity — it's evaluating your body's systemic resilience.

𝗕𝗹𝗼𝗼𝗱 𝗣𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘀𝘂𝗿𝗲
Target: below 120/80. Aim closer to 110/70.
Every point above optimal is cumulative arterial damage. Buy a home cuff. Measure morning and evening, seated quietly for five minutes, arm at heart level. White-coat readings in the office miss what's really happening. The smartest $40 investment in cardiac self-care.

𝗩𝗢𝟮 𝗠𝗮𝘅
Men over 40: above 40 mL/kg/min. Women over 40: above 35.
Cardiorespiratory fitness is the single strongest predictor of all-cause mortality — stronger than smoking, diabetes, or heart disease as individual risk factors. A landmark study in JAMA found that extreme fitness was associated with the lowest mortality with no upper limit of benefit. You can estimate VO2 max with a timed mile, a rower test, or a wearable. Get faster every year.

𝗡𝘂𝗺𝗯𝗲𝗿 𝗼𝗳 𝗠𝗲𝗱𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀
Target: as few as possible.
Every medication you're on should be earning its place. I just wrote about five commonly prescribed drugs that do more harm than good with long-term use. Bring your full medication list to every appointment. Ask: "Do I still need this?" Deprescribing is one of the most powerful and underused tools in medicine.
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Thirteen numbers. Most available through cheap bloodwork and simple tests. Get them once or twice a year. Here's what I want you to understand: these numbers don't just tell you where you are. They tell you where you're heading. A fasting insulin of 8 today becomes diabetes in five years. An ApoB of 120 today becomes a heart attack in ten. An hs-CRP of 3 today means your arteries are inflamed right now — regardless of how healthy you feel. The standard annual physical checks a fraction of these. It was designed to find disease that's already there. This panel finds the disease that's coming — years before it arrives.

What gets measured gets improved. Optimize with the foundation I write about every week on this platform:
Zone 2 cardio plus resistance training 3-4 times per week. High-protein whole-food nutrition. Sleep 7-9 hours — non-negotiable. Morning sunlight. Stress management. And the targeted supplements I've covered in detail — creatine, magnesium, CoQ10, D3+K2, glycine, omega-3, psyllium husk.
The breakthroughs coming in the next decade — gene editing for cholesterol, cellular reprogramming, senolytics that clear senescent "zombie" cells driving inflammation and aging, GLP-1 drugs rewriting metabolic medicine — will be most powerful for people who've already built the metabolic foundation to receive them.

The future of medicine is personalized. But it starts with knowing your numbers today. Print this list. Book the bloodwork. Own the data. Prevention isn't passive. It's the most aggressive thing you can do for the decades ahead.

[Mao Keji | मुखर्जी @kejimao]

India’s greatest weakness lies in having an overly advanced superstructure that is mismatched with its backward economic base and social realities. Put in simpler terms, India possesses first-world aspirations, values, and institutions, but operates with third-world economic resources, social conditions, and governance capabilities. That's why democracy as it stands now may well be a curse on India.

[Dr. Jasmeet Kaur (PhD) @jasmeet481]

The number of people struggling with autoimmune conditions, chronic fatigue, unexplained inflammation, neurological symptoms, and immune dysregulation seems to have increased significantly since the COVID era.

Many individuals who were previously healthy suddenly found themselves dealing with symptoms they had never experienced before. Others with underlying autoimmune tendencies, allergies, metabolic dysfunction, or pre-existing immune imbalances noticed a worsening of their condition. Some report these changes after COVID infection, while others associate the onset of symptoms with vaccination.

Experts continue to investigate the complex interactions between the virus, the immune system, genetics, environmental factors, and vaccination. What should not be ignored, however, is that a large number of people are genuinely suffering and looking for answers.

One of the biggest challenges with autoimmune conditions is that the immune system can become dysregulated.

Instead of responding appropriately to threats, it may remain in a state of heightened activation, creating inflammation that affects tissues throughout the body.
This can manifest as fatigue, brain fog, joint pain, skin problems, digestive issues, hormonal disturbances, muscle weakness, anxiety, and a long list of seemingly unrelated symptoms.

While there is no single solution, supporting the body’s resilience remains critical.

A nutrient-dense diet rich in high-quality protein, essential fats, vitamins, minerals, and amino acids provides the raw materials needed for tissue repair and immune regulation.
Many people also benefit from identifying foods that may be aggravating inflammation and focusing on whole, minimally processed foods.

Equally important is the nervous system.

The immune system does not function independently. It is in constant communication with the brain through pathways that include the vagus nerve, the longest cranial nerve in the body.
The vagus nerve acts as a two-way communication highway between the brain, gut, heart, lungs, and immune system. Research has shown that healthy vagal activity plays a role in regulating inflammation and maintaining balance within the immune response.

When the body remains trapped in a chronic stress response, inflammatory pathways can become amplified. Practices that support parasympathetic activity, such as quality sleep, diaphragmatic breathing, spending time in nature, regular movement, social connection, meditation, humming, singing, and stress reduction, may help improve vagal tone and support overall immune regulation.

The goal should not simply be symptom suppression. The goal should be to create an internal environment that supports healing: nourishing the body with nutrients, improving metabolic health, calming an overactive stress response, supporting gut health, maintaining muscle mass, and helping the immune system regain balance.

People living with autoimmune conditions do not need to be told that their symptoms are “all in their head.” They need understanding, proper investigation, and strategies that help them rebuild their health one step at a time.

[Dr. Biohacker @Dr_Biohacker]

A neurologist said:

“Stick out your tongue for 40 seconds — this removes cortisol faster than any pills and breathing exercises.

Big Pharm is panicking:🧵

[Dr. Priyam Bordoloi @DocPriyamMD]

It's just bubbles from peeing too fast. ❌

​If your urine consistently has thick foam like this, it is NOT normal. It’s a big red flag ⚠️

[Dr. Biohacker @Dr_Biohacker]

Early signs your heart is starting to fail (& you don't realize it):

1. Check for toe hair.

[Vikas Vij @TheClubJunto]

India's 2047 Roadblock: Failed Education

NITI Aayog Report Shows Reality

1. 2014-2024: Math/Sci: Zero improvement; 60% students below avg

2. 42% kids drop after Class 10

3. 85% teachers below std

4. Edu System: Marks = Self-worth; Rank = Identity; Exams = Destiny

INSIGHTS:

NITI Aayog Report: Grim Reality

a. 232-page report released last week. All data is from government agencies only; surveys covering hundreds of districts, thousands of villages & cities, lakhs of children.

b. “Access to schooling has not translated into quality learning or continuity of education (beyond Class 10).”

c. World Bank data (cited in the report): One additional year of schooling leads to 0.37% increase in GDP growth. So, education is the foundational driver of "Developed India 2047" goal.

d. Overall enrollment in Indian schools (govt & private schools combined) has gone down every year for the last 4 years:

FY22: 26.52 cr
FY23: 25.17 cr
FY24: 24.80 cr
FY25: 24.69 cr

e. Enrollment is high for primary education, and then kids start dropping out of the system. Total 42% students drop out by Class 9/10. “This trend has remained largely unchanged from 2015 to 2025,” says the report. [Zero Improvement]

f. Class 9: Students with below-average performance nationally: Science: 60%; Math: 63% of the total enrollment.

g. Reading Skills: Decline: In 2014, 74.7% of Class 8 students could read a Class 2 text; by 2024, that figure fell to 71.1%.

h. Math Skills: Near-Zero Improvement: In 2014, 44.2% Class 8 students had basic math skills (can do division). In 2024, the figure was 45.8%. At this rate, it will take 339 years to reach 100% Class 8 students with basic math skills.

i. PARAKH 2024 Findings: “Students are good at Rote Learning, but struggle with real-world application. Classroom learning remains overly procedural, with limited transfer to problem-solving beyond the textbooks.”

j. Drop-Out Rates Increase in U.P./Bihar: From 2015 to 2025, in Bihar, secondary school dropout went up from 2.98% to 9.3% (3X). In U.P., it went up from 0.52% to 3.0% (6X). Gujarat, M.P., and 3 NE states had the highest drop-out rates (above 5%) in 2025.

k. 14% of planned teaching days across India are lost to non-academic work, such as elections and surveys.

l. Teacher Competency: 85-90% of the teachers across India fail to meet the qualifying threshold of TET/CTET exams. “Many teachers fail the competency test in their own subjects, which they teach.”

m. NITI Aayog report sums it up beautifully: “As India prepares for 2047, its progress will not be measured by the number of classrooms, but by what happens inside those classrooms.”

Building on a Weak Foundation

a. “Originality” in the Indian education system is penalized as “answering out of syllabus.” Failure creates lifelong trauma. But innovation IS a series of controlled failures. In technology-driven nations, failure is a badge of honour.

b. Coaching in India produces the smartest competitive exam takers in the world. But it steals curiosity. In China, roughly 50% of the students go into vocational schools compared to India’s 1.3%.

c. In India, education is a lifelong “shield,” providing a stable IT, bank, or government job. In China, education is a “sword,” providing the ability to build, innovate, and solve.

d. The Indian system is optimized for test-takers; the Chinese system is optimized for builders.

As a result, China accounts for 30% of the global manufacturing output; 50% of global patent applications; and IP ownership of leading-edge technologies.

e. An Indian student can solve 500 physics problems and still freeze when faced with a real-world engineering challenge. The Indian education system is designed for certainty. In real world, the outcomes are uncertain.

f. Indian education system is built on humiliation and shame. As a result, the Indian mind is conditioned against fear of public mistakes. To avoid mistakes, even the next gen of a billionaire sells ice creams.

The Bottom Line

India’s education system is still preparing students for a world that no longer exists. The crisis is not in Indian talent. It is in the Indian classroom.

@arabicatrader

[Tech with Mak @techNmak]

In 1683, a Swiss mathematician named Jacob Bernoulli asked a simple question about money.

If you deposit $1 at 100% annual interest, what happens if you compound it more and more frequently?

Once a year → $2.00
Twice a year → $2.25
Monthly → $2.613...
Daily → $2.714...

The more frequently you compound, the higher it goes, but it never grows without limit. It converges.

Bernoulli proved that limit exists:

e = lim (1 + 1/n)ⁿ as n→∞

He couldn't calculate it exactly, but showed it had to fall between 2 and 3.

That limit is e ≈ 2.71828...

He didn't name it. Fifty years later, Leonhard Euler calculated it to 18 decimal places, and the letter e stuck - appearing first in Euler's letter to Goldbach in 1731.

Why e is special:

e is the only number where the exponential function eˣ is its own derivative.

That one property sounds abstract. In practice it means: when you differentiate eˣ, you get eˣ back. The rate of change equals the value itself.

This makes the calculus clean. No extra constants, no messy chain rule artifacts.

And clean calculus is everything when you're training a neural network through millions of gradient updates.

Where e lives in every AI system you build:

1/ Sigmoid function
the S-shaped function that maps any real number to a value between 0 and 1.

σ(x) = 1 / (1 + e⁻ˣ)

Used in logistic regression and binary classification. e is what makes its derivative expressible in terms of itself - σ'(x) = σ(x) · (1 - σ(x)), which keeps backpropagation computationally clean.

2/ Softmax
the function that converts raw model output scores (logits) into a probability distribution across multiple classes.

softmax(xᵢ) = eˣⁱ / Σeˣʲ

Every token probability your LLM produces passes through this. e is used because it keeps all values positive and makes the gradients during training well-behaved.

3/ Cross-entropy loss
the loss function used to train most classifiers and language models. It uses the natural logarithm (ln), which is the inverse of e.

The full picture:

A banker's question in 1683 → a universal mathematical constant → the backbone of every neural network trained today.

Bernoulli was thinking about interest rates. He had no idea he was laying the foundation for gradient descent.

That's what makes pure mathematics dangerous. It doesn't look useful until suddenly it's everywhere.

[Tech with Mak @techNmak]

Most engineers have seen this formula.

P(A|B) = P(B|A) × P(A) / P(B)

Almost none can explain what it actually does.

Here's Bayes' Theorem in plain English, and where it's hiding inside systems you use every day.

The core idea in one sentence:

Bayes' Theorem updates your belief about something after seeing new evidence.

That's it. Four terms:

Prior → what you believed before the evidence

Likelihood → how probable the evidence is, given your hypothesis

Evidence → how common the evidence is overall

Posterior → your updated belief after seeing the evidence

A concrete example:

Say 40% of all emails are spam (your prior).

You see a new email containing the word "lottery."

10% of spam emails contain "lottery." Only 1% of legitimate emails do.

Plug into Bayes:

P(spam | "lottery") = (0.10 × 0.40) / P("lottery") ≈ 87%

The word "lottery" updated your belief from 40% → 87%.

That's Bayes in action. Prior belief + new evidence = updated belief.

Where it lives in AI:

1/ Spam filters
The Naive Bayes classifier, the algorithm behind most spam filters - applies this exact calculation word by word across an entire email. Each word shifts the probability up or down. It's called "naive" because it assumes each word is independent of the others, which isn't realistic, but works remarkably well in practice.

2/ Medical diagnosis AI
A patient has symptom X. What's the probability of disease Y? Bayes updates the base rate (how common the disease is) with the likelihood of seeing that symptom in patients who have it. Same formula, different domain.

3/ Your LLM's uncertainty
Modern language models don't just predict the next token, they assign a probability to every possible token. The sampling process (temperature, top-p) is directly working with those probability distributions. Bayesian reasoning is embedded in every response your model generates.

The insight most engineers miss:

Bayes doesn't give you certainty. It gives you a rational way to update uncertainty.

That's exactly why it's foundational to AI - real-world systems are never certain. They're always working with incomplete, noisy, probabilistic information.

Every model that learns from data is, at its core, doing some version of this:

Start with a belief. See evidence. Update the belief.

That's Bayes. That's machine learning.

[We Dravidians @WeDravidians]

**Death sentence has been awarded to all 9 policemen in the #Sathankulam case!**

In this case, the key and rare evidence that led to such a strong verdict came from **one woman**!

A woman with a conscience! Head Constable #Revathi, who could not bear to watch the inhuman and brutal acts committed by her fellow police officers and chose to become a direct eyewitness. Because of her, this entire incident has come out strongly.

In the initial stages of the investigation, Head Constable Revathi appeared before Magistrate Bharathidasan...

"Sir, I will tell you everything that happened, without going against my conscience...

I am the mother of two young daughters... Can you assure me protection for my children and for my job?" she asked. Once assurance was given, she poured out everything...

"On the day of the incident, I was on night duty. Inspector Sridhar, SI Balakrishnan, SI Raghu Ganesh, and constables Murugan, Muthuraja, along with Friends of Police personnel, were all there. All of them brutally beat the elderly man and his son...

SI Balakrishnan started beating them first. Then Inspector Sridhar and SI Raghu Ganesh together made the father and son sit on the floor and kept hitting them with whatever lathis they could find. They also stomped on their #genitals and wherever else with their shoe-clad feet. Both of them screamed in agony. The more they screamed, the more these people beat them," she testified.

They beat them continuously but with short breaks in between. When the father and son were in a semi-conscious, exhausted state, Revathi could not bear it and asked Jayaraj, "Do you need anything, sir?" When he asked for something to drink, she brought coffee and gave it to him. While he was drinking it, Inspector Sridhar knocked the coffee away and continued beating them mercilessly. Later, Revathi gave them water. Amid these brutal psychopaths, Revathi stood as a beacon of humanity!

In the next stage of cruelty, they stripped #Bennix naked, made him lie face down on a table, tied his hands and legs separately with the help of Friends of Police, and beat him savagely. They did the same to #Jayaraj. Unable to bear their screams, Revathi walked out of the room. In the second round of beating, instead of lathis, they used #iron pipes.

The extent of this brutality can be understood from what the postmortem staff said... For both father and son, there was no skin left on their backs — only flesh was visible. They had been beaten so badly that the skin was completely peeled off... Such extreme cruelty! Blood and fluid were oozing continuously from their bodies... They died one after the other in that condition.

In this case, Revathi's direct eyewitness testimony shattered all the lies told by the others! In particular, it exposed the false claims made by the then #ChiefMinister #EdappadiPalaniswami that both died due to #fever or #ill health. Revathi's humane and direct testimony proved that #EdappadiPalaniswami is a #liar!

It is because of Revathi that we can still believe good human beings exist among us! Revathi is a source of comfort! Salute to Revathi at this moment!

Among the many terrible incidents during #EdappadiPalaniswami's regime, the major three that stand out are: this #Sathankulam double murder, the shooting of 13 people in #Thoothukudi, and the murder and robbery in #KodaiNadu. Today's verdict is not just punishment for those 9 policemen — it also exposes #Edappadi as a #liar!

Salute to the direct eyewitness Revathi! Her humanitarian testimony and courageous act deserve an award!

**Moovanna Masood**

#Sathankulam #Revathi #JayarajBenicks #CustodialDeath #DeathSentence #EdappadiPalaniswami #JusticeServed #PoliceBrutality #TamilNadu

[Krishanu Pradhan @Krishan49017923]

Why not Supreme Court? And why not non-cooerations of WB govt?

[Avik Saha @aviksahaindia]

SIR West Bengal - the Anti-Voter Exercise of BJP-ECI Nexus - Series #5

The Cruel Case of Amrita Priyadarshinee - How the Daughter of Progressive and Non-Traditional Parents is Being Punished for Having a Non-Muslim Name

Father: Abdul Gani, 66, retired professor

Mother: Mohua Islam, 55, school teacher

Daughter: Amrita Priyadarshinee 26, gold medalist in biophysics, preparing for government exams

Amrita's Voting Status: voter for 7 years, voting in 2019 and 2024 Lok Sabha elections and 2021 State Assembly election

Amrita Says: Summoned for hearing in December 2025. Notice puzzled her. Just wanted to understand why she was summoned. Visited the hearing centre carrying every document she could think of. Submitted Passport and Aadhaar Card along with father’s documents. Still told case is under scrutiny. Kept asking them what the problem was but no one answered. Suspects the issue may stem from her not sharing her parents' surname. When her parents' records are fine and they were not summoned, and she has been mapped through them, how could she be at fault?

Father Says: Naming her Amrita Priyadarshinee was simply a personal choice. His wife also does not share his surname. Even if they named their daughter Margaret Thatcher, how could that be a reason to question her citizenship?

BLO Says: Problem might lie in the digital system used during the voter revision. If someone does not share a surname with their parents, which is quite uncommon here, the AI system might flag the entry.

What Possibly Happened: a Muslim couple named their child Amrita Priyadarshinee, which triggered a logical discrepancy.

Current Status: As of March 28, 2026, Amrita has not yet been added back to the final voters' list and remains on the "adjudicated list". Her case is currently pending a decision from the electoral authorities

Legal Position: Amrita will have to be added to the voters list. Has to be. No one can sop that.

What We Will Do: We wiil not let Amrita be disenfranchised. Will fight alongside her, every step of the way. Till she gets her rights.

@_YogendraYadav @pbhushan1 @ajitjhaswaraj @_SwarajIndia

[Krishanu Pradhan @Krishan49017923]

One day he will be awakened from Coma due to her unconditional love! Salute to such couple. Long live.

[Oluwatimileyin✨🦋 @Timmysofine]

Most people do not know Gmail lets you send an email that cannot be forwarded, copied or downloaded.

It is called Confidential Mode and it has been sitting in your Gmail this whole time.

Here is how to turn it on:

[Ujjaval Shah @UJJAVALSHAH2]

How Tata and Birla cornered Industrial Licences issued by Central government n just sat upon it to create artificial shortages. As per Hazari report.

[Akanksha Parmar @iAkankshaP]

The world may call her weak,
but her hard work, and courage make her unstoppable.

Happy Women’s Day ❣️

[Prasanna Viswanathan @prasannavishy]

India has 383 government-run PSUs (mostly state government owned) that produce zilch but aren’t officially shut.

Result? Scarce capital locked in zombie entities even as states run deficits.

•18% of all PSUs are “inactive”.
•At least ₹5,700 crore stuck across 18 states/UTs (CAG data)
• Several states have dozens of idle firms
• In some cases, outstanding loans run into ₹1,000+ crore

Why do they survive? Because shutting a PSU is harder than starting one.

Closure means untangling asset sales, unpaid loans, pensions, salaries, land titles, and inter-government liabilities. So they linger on eating up capital, delivering nothing. via @timesofindia

[Dr. Jasmeet Kaur (PhD) @jasmeet481]

Why Protein Meals Also Raise Blood Sugar in Diabetics

Many people with diabetes get confused when this happens:

“I didn’t eat carbs… it was just chicken or paneer.
Then why did my sugar go up?”

Let’s understand this scientifically.

1. Protein Can Be Converted to Glucose

Protein is made of amino acids.
Some of these can be converted into glucose in the liver through a process called gluconeogenesis.

In healthy metabolism:
•Protein increases both insulin and glucagon
•Insulin keeps liver glucose production under control
•Blood sugar stays stable

But in diabetes:
•Insulin response is weak or delayed
•Glucagon rises normally (or even excessively)
•Liver keeps producing glucose

Result → Blood sugar rises 3–5 hours after a high-protein meal.

2. The Real Problem: Liver Insulin Resistance

In many Type 2 diabetics, the liver becomes resistant to insulin.

That means:
•Insulin says: “Stop making glucose.”
•Liver doesn’t listen.
•Glucose keeps being released into the blood.

This is why fasting sugar is often high.
And this is why protein meals sometimes exaggerate the issue.

It’s not the protein.
It’s the liver’s response.

3.
Pancreatic Timing Matters

Healthy pancreas:
•Releases quick first-phase insulin after meals.

Diabetic pancreas:
•Insulin release is delayed.
•The insulin-to-glucagon balance is disturbed.

So even a carb-free protein meal can lead to:
•Slow glucose rise
•Delayed spike
•Higher 3-hour readings

4. Stress Makes It Worse

High stress, poor sleep, menopause, over-fasting, or chronic inflammation increase cortisol.

Cortisol:
•Stimulates gluconeogenesis
•Increases insulin resistance

So even clean eating may not fully control glucose if stress hormones are high.

So basically, Protein Is Not the Enemy

Protein:
•Preserves muscle
•Improves satiety
•Supports metabolic repair
•Helps insulin sensitivity long-term

The issue is metabolic coordination, not protein itself.

What Actually Helps?

✔ Moderate protein in a single meal (not extreme high amounts)
✔ Add non-starchy vegetables
✔ Ensure adequate healthy fats
✔ Resistance training
✔ Improve sleep and stress regulation
✔ Address liver insulin resistance first.

[Prasanna Viswanathan @prasannavishy]

Good oped in @businessline on the reckless populism being pioneered in Tamil Nadu. Written by a உண்மையான தமிழன் only. Just summarising it.

Of course, every state runs cradle-to-grave welfare in some form. But TN has taken competitive populism to another extreme by shifting from targeted welfare to mass cash distribution.

Debt expected to touch ₹9.3 lakh crore by March 2026. (even as % of GSDP not at healthy level). And revenue deficit ₹41,600+ crore.

The state's large cash-transfer commitments running into tens of thousands of crores annually. Recently a ₹ 2000 'summer top up' dole was distributed

And here’s the trade-off. 2025–26, revenue expenditure is pegged at ₹3.7 lakh crore, while capital outlay is a miniscule ₹57,000 crore (barely 15% of revenue spend).

When committed subsidies, salaries, pensions and interest consume over 60% of revenue receipts, fiscal space for new infrastructure shrinks rapidly. (Stalin govt will finish its tenure without building one addition km of expressway, metro, port or airport. Of course it has done well to benefit from PLI-fuelled manufacturing esp in electronics)

Hard questions need to be asked of state that especially claims to have already solved poverty.

[Sama Hoole @SamaHoole]

Study: Patients with chronic constipation were told to remove ALL fiber from their diet.

Results after 6 months:

Zero fiber group: 100% reported symptom relief
Reduced fiber group: Some improvement
High fiber group: Symptoms worsened

The treatment for constipation was removing the thing we're told treats constipation.

Published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology, 2012.

Nobody talks about it because the fiber supplement industry is worth $4.72 billion annually.

Can't have people discovering that the problem is also the "solution" they're selling.