Philipp Fitzpatrick

[Philipp Fitzpatrick @PhilippFit]

@JohnnyJohn49548 @jenkinshelweb3 @kbhistandcult All North Caucasian ethnic groups are autosomally extremely close, particularly Karachay-Balkars and Ossetians, yet vastly differ in paternal ancestry. Karachay-Balkar paternal ancestry is mainly Sarmatian-Alan, while Ossetian paternal ancestry is almost exclusively Georgian.

[Philipp Fitzpatrick @PhilippFit]

@BlumGenosse @kbhistandcult Neither. R-YP451 is a Sarmatian-Alan subclade of R-Z2123. It most likely arose in the Pontic-Caspian steppe during the early Sarmatian period. This individual from Székesfehérvár carries the YP450 SNP, suggesting a relatively close relationship with people from the North Caucasus

[Philipp Fitzpatrick @PhilippFit]

@Hyp3rioe4 @kbhistandcult Durgulel was buried near Lower Arkhyz in Karachay. Alan samples from Arkhyz, Krasnogorskaya and Klin-Yar show G2a1 and R1a-YP451. All Karachay feudal elites carried R1a-YP451, hence the Durgulel hypothesis. Bzarov & Kuznetsov’s claim linking him to Ossetian genealogy is bullshit

[Philipp Fitzpatrick @PhilippFit]

@BlumGenosse @kbhistandcult A wide range of Hungarian elites were buried there, not just members of the royal family. At least, that’s what the published research suggests.

[Philipp Fitzpatrick @PhilippFit]

@Hyp3rioe4 @kbhistandcult Yes, but Karachay-Balkars and Ossetians have different G2a1 subclades. Our lineages aren’t closely related. Ossetian subclades are closely related to those of modern Georgians, and Ossetians (unlike Georgians) lack phylogenetic diversity and depth in these clades

[Philipp Fitzpatrick @PhilippFit]

@Hyp3rioe4 @kbhistandcult Karachay-Balkars consist of two components: Sarmatian-Alan (R1a-Z93, R1b-Y91288, Q1a) and Caucasian (J2a-Y30811 and G2a1). The latter is most likely of Koban origin. Karachay-Balkar social structure suggests that until the 19th century most elites were of Sarmatian-Alan ancestry

[Philipp Fitzpatrick @PhilippFit]

@Hyp3rioe4 @kbhistandcult These Alan burials contain the G2a1-Z31459 subclade, literally called the Svan-Karachay clade, which has nothing to do with Ossetians. Also, the Karachay-Balkar R1a1-YP451 subclade is just as common as G2a1 among individuals in the burials. Neither clade is found among Ossetians

[Philipp Fitzpatrick @PhilippFit]

@Hyp3rioe4 @kbhistandcult And the suggestion that Durgulel has anything to do with modern Ossetians and their genealogy (which dates back no earlier than the 15th century) is just plain stupidity

[Philipp Fitzpatrick @PhilippFit]

@BlumGenosse @kbhistandcult R1a-YP451 has been found among Hungarian elites buried in the Székesfehérvár royal necropolis, dating from the 11th to the 16th centuries. We may consider this individual to be of Alan/Jász origin.

[Philipp Fitzpatrick @PhilippFit]

@Hyp3rioe4 @kbhistandcult It is just a suggestion that the Alan elite may have belonged to the R1a-YP451 subclade, considering that R1a-YP451 was the main marker of the steppe Alans (also found among Sarmatians) and one of the two main genetic markers of the Caucasian Alans (the other being G2a1-Z31461)

[Philipp Fitzpatrick @PhilippFit]

@Alaners240907 @kbhistandcult There’s literally not a single Cuman descendant among modern Karachay-Balkars, although there are some Cuman descendants among neighboring Caucasian-speaking populations.

[Philipp Fitzpatrick @PhilippFit]

@jenkinshelweb3 @kbhistandcult Archaeological evidence from the modern-day Upper Kuban region (Karachay-Cherkessia) suggests that this trade route remained in use only until the middle of the 15th century.

[Philipp Fitzpatrick @PhilippFit]

@jenkinshelweb3 @kbhistandcult R1a-YP451 was a genetic marker of the Caucasian Alans, and nowadays this subclade is a genetic marker of the Karachay-Balkars. The same applies to the G2a1-Z31459 subclade.

[Philipp Fitzpatrick @PhilippFit]

@jenkinshelweb3 @kbhistandcult There are other studies as well showing the presence of the R1a1 and G2a1 haplogroups among Caucasian Alans. In particular, the R1a-YP451 subclade has been confirmed among early (steppe) Alans and their Sarmatian ancestors.

[Philipp Fitzpatrick @PhilippFit]

@jenkinshelweb3 @kbhistandcult And that is because it was only after the conquest of Constantinople that the Upper Kuban section of the Silk Road ceased to be used. The economic and ideological (Greek Orthodoxy) foundations, so to speak, lost their relevance.

[Philipp Fitzpatrick @PhilippFit]

@jenkinshelweb3 @kbhistandcult Well, Alania and the Alans (as a distinct ethnic group with their own, let’s say, ideology) did not cease to exist after the Mongol invasion or even after Tamerlane’s pogroms. The Alans ceased to exist only after the Türkish conquest of Constantinople.

[Philipp Fitzpatrick @PhilippFit]

@jenkinshelweb3 @kbhistandcult Even the relatively few Soviet-era studies in racial anthropology showed, for example, that Ossetians were, firstly, identical to highland Georgian groups and, secondly, somewhat darker in pigmentation than neighboring North Caucasian populations.

[Philipp Fitzpatrick @PhilippFit]

@jenkinshelweb3 @kbhistandcult whereas modern Ossetians have the weakest genetic connection to the medieval population of the North Caucasus in general among all modern North Caucasian peoples, let alone to the Alans specifically, since they are genetically a South Caucasian (Georgian) population.