🔆 International Conference on Spacecraft Mission Operations (SMOPS-2023)
✅ It is organized by the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) in collaboration with the Italian Space Agency (ASI) and the International Academy of Astronautics (IAA).
▪️Theme of the Conference:
✅ “Emerging Technologies for Automation in Ground and Space Segment in satellite mission operations.”
▪️Objective
✅ To bring all space leaders together to share their views on existing technologies and their challenges while previewing the state-of-the-art technologies that are being conceived globally to make space mission operations more secure and robust.
✅ Serves as a platform for ISRO to boost the synergy between academia, industry, and other space agencies.
✅ To cover a wide range of topics while addressing futuristic techniques in both upstream and downstream segments.
▪️Conference Topics
✅ Present and Future Trends in S/C operations and mission design
✅ Operation Challenges in GSO mission
✅ Human Spaceflight mission operation management
✅ Satellite constellations management
✅ Present and Future trends in Ground Station operations
✅ Challenges in Flight Dynamics Operations
✅ Trends in Ground Segment Resource allocation and Optimisation
✅ Space Situational
Awareness Simulation and modelling
✅ Artificial Intelligence-based Application
✅ Satellite Data Handling, Processing, and Applications
🔆Sovereign Gold Bond Scheme 2022-23
✅ Why in News: Government of India, in consultation with the Reserve Bank of India, decided to issue Sovereign Gold Bonds in tranches for 2022-23.
✅The SGB scheme was launched in November 2015
✅objective : reduce the demand for physical gold and shift a part of the domestic savings – used for the purchase of gold – into financial savings.
✅The Gold Bonds are issued as Government of India Stock under the Government Securities (GS) Act, 2006.
✅These are issued by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) on behalf of the Government of India.
✅Bonds are sold through Commercial banks, Stock Holding Corporation of India Limited (SHCIL), designated post offices and recognised stock exchanges, National Stock Exchange of India Limited and Bombay Stock Exchange, either directly or through agents.
✅The bonds are restricted for sale to resident individuals, Hindu Undivided Families (HUFs), trusts, universities and charitable institutions.
✅Issue Price: Gold bond prices are linked to the price of gold of 999 purity (24 carats) published by India Bullion and Jewellers Association (IBJA), Mumbai.
A fixed rate of 2.5% per annum is applicable on the scheme, payable semi-annually.
✅The interest on Gold Bonds shall be taxable as per the provision of Income Tax Act, 1961.
▪️Investment Limit:
✅Minimum permissible investment is 1 gram of gold.
✅Gold bonds can be purchased in the multiples of one unit, up to certain thresholds for different investors.
✅The upper limit for retail (individual) investors and HUFs is 4 kilograms (4,000 units) each per financial year. For trusts and similar entities, an upper limit of 20 kilograms per financial year is applicable.
▪️Term
✅The gold bonds come with a maturity period of eight years, with an option to exit the investment after the first five years.
✅Bonds can be used as collateral for loans.
✅The capital gains tax arising on redemption of SGB to an individual has been exempted.
▪️ Turkey
Located in West Asia.
Bordered by : Bulgaria, Greece, Georgia, Armenia, Iran, Iraq and Syria.
[ Remember as Turkey - GIGIBAS ]
Sea: Opens out Black sea to the North, Mediterranean Sea to the South, Sea of Marmara in north west and Aegean sea in the west.
Important information: Hagia Sophia, UNESCO World Heritage site which was converted into mosque recently was located in Turkey.
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🔆 Equator
✅The equator is an imaginary line running across the globe that divides the globe into two equal parts.
✅Northern Hemisphere: The half of the Earth located north of the equator is called the Northern Hemisphere.
✅Southern Hemisphere: The half of the Earth located to the south of the equator is called the Southern Hemisphere.
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