1/ Thread 🧵
Twenty thousand years ago the sea stood around 125 metres lower than it does today. The Persian Gulf was a river valley, Sri Lanka was joined to India, and Southeast Asia was a subcontinent now called Sundaland. Roughly four in ten people today live within 100 kilometres of a coast, and there is little reason to think our ancestors were any less drawn to the shore, where there was fish, flat land and places to launch ships. Every one of those coastlines went under as the ice melted, so archaeology has spent two centuries studying mostly the places of people who lived further inland, which builds a selection bias into the whole discipline. Here is what the sea took, region by region.
Perrin Remonté's map is one of the clearest and most carefully made reconstructions of the period I have come across, and I am grateful to him for permission to share it. Please note, different reconstructions vary in detail.
सवर्णों लिख नहीं सकते तो रीट्वीट तो कर सकते हो...
तुम्हारे हिस्से की लड़ाई लड़ रहे लोगों को संबल दो, साथ दो, यह लड़ाई छोटी नहीं है...भाई प्रीत सिंह जैसे राष्ट्रवादी लोग निरंतर लोगों को जागरूक कर रहे हैं।
हम समाज को टूटने नहीं देंगे....
घर घर जाकर जगाते रहेंगे और सिर्फ़ दो बात करेंगे।
SCST मोदी एक्ट के दुरुपयोग पर रोक...
#UGC_Rollback को रद्द होने तक...
@Fintech03 Same reason as to why our real estate is unaffordable, our taxes for salaried class is more than corporate tax collection, some nursery school charging as much as 1 lac pm, hospitals charging to the moon and back....fallout of incompetence, grotesque policies and corruption.
Let's make a brief list, enumerating only some of Rabindranath Tagore's "service to the crown [sic]" :
1. Forcing Anglophile moderate leaders of the Congress to switch from English to Bengali for making their speeches at Bengal Provincial Congress conference sessions, by frequently disrupting their speech with the help of his young brigade (prior to the Swadeshi Movement)
2. Starting the trend of exclusively using the Indian ethnic wear, consisting of only dhoti-kurta-chaadar as well as refusing to wear socks, thus replacing the Anglophile practice of wearing three-piece suits at public & private gatherings (like National & Provincial Congress conferences & post-conference dinners)
3. Travelling across the length and breadth of Undivided Bengal to deliver countless addresses specifically encouraging students & the youth to participate wholeheartedly in the Swadeshi Movement of 1905
4. Strategising & coordinating Swadeshi Movement initiatives on the ground - from setting up Swadeshi-only shops in various places in Calcutta & mobilising student groups to agitate on the streets
5. Nurturing future generations of leadership, including Surendranath Tagore & Abanindranath Tagore (his favourite nephews), to continue the Swadeshi Movement on both political & cultural fronts in his absence (he would soon dedicate himself to the twin projects of National Education & Village Reconstruction)
6. Assisting key players of the Swadeshi Movement, including 'extremist' leaders like Bipin Chandra Pal, by providing moral, intellectual, and material support - the two often met at wee hours to chalk out plans of on-the-ground action & strategy at the poet's Jorasanko residence; the same house was often used as a prime venue for holding key meetings to chart out plans of action for the Swadeshi Movement
7. Rescuing student groups participating in the Swadeshi Movement from police atrocities by providing manpower (personally led by his nephew Surendranath who worked under the poet's express instructions during this period)
8. Leading processions from the front on streets of Calcutta, accompanied by Surendranath, Abanindranath, & several other younger Tagores, singing Swadeshi nationalist songs & thus enthusing people to adopt / use only Swadeshi products & goods
9. Actively charting the path of National Education, i.e. education imparted on national lines & under exclusive national control as opposed to the Government-funded / -run institutes, ideating, lecturing, and collaborating with other nationalist leaders like Acharya Satish Chandra Mukhopadhyay (of the Dawn Society), Sri Aurobindo, Raja S.C. Mullick et al., establishing the National Council of Education & later on, at Santiniketan, Bolpur, the Brahmacharya-ashrama, the Patha-Bhavana school for children, and ultimately Visva-Bharati, a university built on Indian ideals and model of education
10. Writing scores of Swadeshi nationalist songs and poems, like "Bidhir Bandhon Kaatbe Tumi" or "Aamar Sonar Bangla", which electrified the public with nationalist patriotic feelings whenever they were sung/recited in public meetings or processions
11. Renouncing the Knighthood conferred upon him, as a mark of protest against the barbaric massacre of his fellow Indians at the Jaliwanwala Bagh of Amritsar, Punjab in 1919; and writing of his decision in a letter to the Viceroy, stating that “the time has come when badges of honour make our shame glaring in their incongruous context of humiliation, and I for my part wish to stand, shorn of all special distinctions, by the side of those of my countrymen, who, for their so-called insignificance, are liable to suffer a degradation not fit for a human being.”
The poet's beloved Adhinayaka was indeed working through him for the liberation of this country.