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Odantapuri University

Odantapuri of Bihar was also established by the Pala Emperor.
Along with Nalanda, Odantapuri is second oldest of India’s Universities.
According to the Tibetan records there were about 12,000 students at Odantapuri.

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demolished by Islamic Ruler Bakhtiyar Khilji.
The ancient university was a rival to Nalanda University in quality teaching.

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Vallabhi University

Vallabhi was an important centre of learning, located in Bhavnagar district of Gujarat and was the capital of the Maitraka empire.
The city was established in about 470 ce by the founder of the dynasty,Senapati Bhatarka and wad

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It was established in 3rd century and flourished for the next 800 years till 11th century.

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Pushpagiri University

Pushpagiri Vihara in Jajpur district of Odisha ranks along with Nalanda, Vikramshila and Takshila universities as one of the primary institutions of higher learning in ancient India.

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It produced eminent scholars who were often invited by foreign countries to spread learning, culture and religion.

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Vikramshila University

Vikramashila University by the Pala emperor was one of the second most important centres of learning in India, after Nalanda.
Vikramashila had more than one hundred teachers and about one thousand students.

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and at the beginning of the 12th Century, the Muslim invader Bakhtiyar Khilji burnt it.

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Nalanda University was an important centre of learning and said to know that the site was visited by both Mahavira and the Buddha.
Nalanda University at that time had over 10,000 students and 3,000 teachers.
A great fire wiped out the library of
over 9 million manuscripts

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In this the student was well trained and he had the full authority for his art form.

Gurukul emphasizes on practical knowledge which is quite beneficial to build the concepts of the students.

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Greatness of Gurukul

The Gurus had enormous knowledge and knew how to teach the most arduous of
the things.

This Parampara used to take its time and due to this the students used to come out
in a very perfect manner.

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The ‘guru-shishya parampara’ is an integral part of Gurukul.
Here, the students highly respect their teachers and share a good bond with them.
They are molded under the guidance of their mentors.

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Merits of Gurukul System

The students of gurukul are more disciplined and organized.
They are taught to follow a well- planned schedule in school.

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In a gurukul, students are taught to respect everyone irrespective of their caste, creed, ethnicity, culture, religion and perspective.
So, such students grow up as people with strong character and values.

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Hands-on method– For professional courses including medical science, students/apprentices used to learn by observation and through practical method.
Actual work made the students perfect in particular subject.

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Methods of lerniang in Gurukul :

Memorization–
The preliminary stage of learning was learning by heart the sacred text .
This was done through indefinite repletion and rehearsal by both the teacher and the taught.

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Story telling–
The teacher used stories and parables to explain.
The real examples made it easy for students to understand the topic.
This method was very effective in the Gurukul System.

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Shikshak -

Sikshaka was a teacher who gave instruction in arts like dancing, music, archery.
He also had the knowledge of various subjects regarding arts.

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Types of Teachers in Gurukul System -

Acharya -

Acharya was a type of teacher who taught his pupil Vedas without charging fee from the pupils.

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Yaujansatika -

Yaujanasatika were teachers famous for their profound scholarship that students from distant places, as far as from a distance of hundreds of miles would come to seek their guidance.