Interesting signal from #PRIMARY2. 🧵
Can we safely avoid prostate biopsy in men with PI-RADS 2-3 MRI but persistent clinical suspicion of prostate cancer?
🔬 PRIMARY2 (Phase III, Lancet Oncology)
660 biopsy-naïve men with:
• PI-RADS 2-3 MRI
• High clinical risk (PSA density, family history, abnormal DRE, etc.)
Randomized to:
➡️ Standard systematic biopsy
➡️ PSMA PET-guided strategy
📊 Key Results
✅ Clinically significant prostate cancer:
12% vs 16%
Non-inferior with PSMA PET strategy
(p=0.009 for non-inferiority)
✅ Biopsies avoided:
49%
✅ Clinically insignificant cancers:
14% vs 32%
Absolute reduction: 18%
✅ No increase in missed high-grade disease
💡 Takeaway
PSMA PET may become an important biopsy triage tool after equivocal or non-suspicious MRI.
Fewer biopsies.
Less overdiagnosis.
No apparent compromise in clinically significant cancer detection.
If validated globally and shown to be cost-effective, this could meaningfully reshape the prostate cancer diagnostic pathway.
📄 PRIMARY2
Lancet Oncology 2026
DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(26)00120-8
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🚨 Should we still be giving upfront chemotherapy to most high-risk HR+/HER2− metastatic breast cancer patients?
The PADMA trial says probably not.
👩⚕️ 120 patients with HR+/HER2− mBC considered candidates for chemotherapy
⚖️ Palbociclib + endocrine therapy vs physician’s choice chemotherapy
📈 Median TTF:
17.2 vs 6.1 months
HR 0.46 (P<0.001)
📈 Median PFS:
18.7 vs 7.8 months
HR 0.45 (P<0.001)
🎯 Benefit was consistent across key subgroups, including patients with liver metastases and those with high disease burden.
⚠️ More hematologic toxicity with palbociclib, but no new safety signals.
💡 Takeaway:
Even in patients for whom clinicians were considering chemotherapy, first-line CDK4/6 inhibitor + endocrine therapy outperformed chemotherapy.
Another reminder that chemotherapy should remain the exception, not the default, in HR+/HER2− mBC.
Full paper link in comment
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@oncoalert