World's First Particle Accelerator ⚛
The world’s first particle accelerator, the cyclotron, was invented by Ernest O. Lawrence in 1929–1930 at the University of California, Berkeley, and patented in 1932. A cyclotron accelerates charged particles outwards from the center of a flat cylindrical vacuum chamber along a spiral path. The particles are held to a spiral trajectory by a static magnetic field and accelerated by a rapidly varying electric field. Lawrence was awarded the 1939 Nobel Prize in Physics for this invention.
The cyclotron was the first “cyclical” accelerator, meaning that it could accelerate particles many times by making them follow a circular or spiral path. The energy gained by the particles was limited by the maximum electrical potential that could be achieved across the accelerating region. This potential was in turn limited by electrostatic breakdown to a few million volts. In a cyclotron, by contrast, the particles encounter the accelerating region many times by following a spiral path, so the output energy can be many times the energy gained in a single accelerating step.
The cyclotron was the most powerful particle accelerator technology until the 1950s, when it was superseded by the synchrotron. Despite no longer being the highest-energy accelerator, they are still widely used to produce particle beams for nuclear medicine and basic research. As of 2020, close to 1500 cyclotrons were in use worldwide for the production of radionuclides for nuclear medicine. In addition, cyclotrons can be used for particle therapy, where particle beams are directly applied to patients.
[Image courtesy: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory]
May 22th, also written as 22/5 (sorry Americans...)... An ideal day to highlight the alpha emitting isotope Actinium 225, Although extremely rare this isotope has a half life of 10 days and a potential for being used in radionuclide therapy... Happy Actinium day everyone!
Tomorrow is the big day, Belnuc'23! We hope to see many of you there... (And we'll try to post some updates during the day too!) (Feel free to join, using #belnuc23)
Today, 37 years ago, the #EANM was founded. Thank you for being part of our #NucMed family & making our community unique! We warmly appreciate your involvement & support, which make the EANM everything that it is. Tag someone else who has a special day & share the love.#EANM_bday
BREAKING NEWS: Dr. Raymond Damadian, considered by many to be the "father of MRI," has died. At times a controversial figure, Damadian leaves behind a legacy of accomplishments that radically changed radiology. #MRI#radiology Story by @katemaddenyee https://t.co/XgDEmT4qEn