He was Osama Jamil — a brilliant PhD scholar from Quaid-e-Azam University & a voice from Pakistan-administered J & K. Yesterday he stood at a protest rally in Rawalakot demanding basic rights. Today he lies dead, shot in head by security forces. 1/2 @AlifyaSohail@odysseuslahori
Mesopotamia was never the cradle of civilisation. India was.
I spent forty years in international shipping, not academia. When I began researching the history of maritime trade, I had no orthodoxy to defend. I followed the evidence, and it kept arriving in the same place: the Indian subcontinent.
Nineteenth century archaeologists dug in Mesopotamia because the climate preserved artefacts, the biblical sources pointed them there, and the Ottomans allowed the excavations. That is the entire basis for the myth of Mesopotamia as "the cradle of civilisation."
Nobody applied the same rigour to India. Mohenjo-daro was not discovered until 1922. By then the narrative had already hardened.
What was actually there was the largest civilisation of the ancient world. Three hundred cities. Fifty thousand people in each, by 2600 BC. Two thirds of them stood on the banks of the Sarasvati, the central and greatest of the seven rivers described in the Rig Veda, flowing down from the Himalayas before the river vanished entirely by 1900 BC. The Vedic kings claimed territory stretching "sea to sea," from Afghanistan to Maharashtra, some 1.5 million square miles, against Egypt's 13,000. A dock at Lothal built to handle thirty ships of sixty tons, unmatched in Europe for four thousand years. When it was first excavated, it was recorded as a bathing pool.
When the scale became impossible to dismiss, the theory was not corrected. It was replaced with a story of pale-skinned nomads from the steppe who supposedly arrived around 1500 BC and brought civilisation with them. There is no evidence. The chronology doesn't work. The Vedas describe no invasion.
In 2019 a Harvard-led genetic study revived the claim, and the press reported it as confirmation. It was not. The same study found the builders of these cities were indigenous. The Sarasvati river that the Rig Veda described had already dried up before these newcomers arrived. What the study also found is that a small group of men, arriving after the Sarasvati had already dried up, interbred with the existing population and left a genetic signature. That is all.
So, where they chose to dig was mostly an accident of climate and access. The Aryan invasion theory was constructed because an Indian civilisation that owed nothing to Caucasians was a fact the late nineteenth century could not accommodate.
Link to full Substack essay with sources in the comments below.
Stone pelting during a protest often indicates that the movement has been overtaken by groups with vested interests. No serious student seeking genuine change benefits from throwing stones. Those planning such violence want police to respond with force and for some mishap to occur. They are inciting young people to cross boundaries for someone else's agenda.
Tendulkar was a true great, but played for an increasingly self confident country on its way to becoming a cultural and economic superpower.
For most of his career Sunil Gavaskar batted for the self respect of a third world country and its despairing middle class whose ultimate ambition was a government job or a green card. The Sehwags, Gangulys and Dhonis who followed have given us ample reason to celebrate, but for most of his cricketing career Sunil Gavaskar would just make sure that millions could get up and face their bus or train commute the next morning.
Happy birthday Sunil Gavaskar.
You were the original rock.
The Arabian Sea.
About 220 kilometers off the coast of Mumbai. 30 August 2010. 6:55 a.m.
A massive wave suddenly crashed over the Indian Navy submarine INS Shankush. In an instant, three sailors were thrown into the raging sea, drifting farther away with every passing second.
Standing watch was Lieutenant Commander Firdaus Mogal, the submarine’s Executive Officer. He didn’t wait. After reporting the incident over the radio, he simply said, “There’s no time. I’m going after them.” Then he plunged into the turbulent waters.
His first act was to rescue an injured sailor hanging alongside the submarine, hauling him to safety. Without hesitation, he then swam with two combat divers toward the three men being carried away by the waves.
One by one, he ensured that everyone else had a chance to survive.
Finally, the rescue rope reached them. Firdaus could have climbed aboard first. Instead, seeing that the two divers were exhausted and drifting away, he made an extraordinary decision. Using his own body as a bridge, he shouted through the crashing waves:
“Climb over me! Get to the submarine!”
The two divers obeyed, stepping over his shoulders to reach safety.
Everyone made it back.
Except him.
Just as Firdaus began pulling himself aboard, the violent swell rolled the 1,800-ton submarine into him, striking his head with devastating force. He was airlifted to a naval hospital, but the injury proved fatal.
That morning, Lieutenant Commander Firdaus Mogal saved the lives of six sailors.
He lost his own.
He was posthumously awarded the Shaurya Chakra, but perhaps his greatest legacy was not a medal.
As his wife, Kerzin, later said, “If someone else had died and Firdaus had survived, he would never have forgiven himself.”
Many people wear the rank of a leader.
Very few choose to be the last one to reach safety.
Jai Hind 🇮🇳
Let's salute our heroes
@LestWeForgetIN
Pew Research Center survey found that a "near-universal share of Sikhs say they are very proud to be Indian (95%), and the vast majority (70%) say a person who disrespects India cannot be a Sikh. And like India’s other religious groups, most Sikhs do not see evidence of widespread discrimination against their community."
India’s Sikhs are nearly universally proud of their national, state identities | Pew Research Center https://t.co/fASoASTw95
PM needs to stop virtue signalling. Convoys and security protocols and arrangements should be based on threat perception. PM and HM are in high risk and shouldn’t compromise on security. All other ministers can make do with even one vehicle. State ministers and babus should not get more than one vehicle. These people should not travel with an army of attendants and hanger ons. Put an end to that even if there was no austerity.
Fun fact about Pakistan's Field Marshal Asim Munir: Each time India kicked his ass, he gave himself another medal. He promoted himself to the rank of "Field Marshal" after the last war, which India humiliated Pakistan, again.
It is a tragedy that a state that produced Vivekananda, Netaji, AJC Bose, Tagore, Bankim and Vidyasagar is today thought of merely a source of household help in the rest of India. While there is nothing wrong in working as a maid or driver (all honest labour should be respected), the cultural and economic decline of my home state is not the joke that this gentleman seems to think. Some of us witnessed the collapse over half a century, and find this obnoxious.
Naidu was an astute politician and VP of India. Let this be a law that but for health care, school education w meals and farm subsidies governments, at states or center, will not engage in proligacy like free travel and direct fund transfers to accounts and sops by any other name
A hospital bombed in Afghanistan during Ramadan by Pakistan…
Where is international law now? Where is humanity now?
How many innocent lives must be lost before the world speaks? 💔
I am deeply saddened by the latest reports of civilian casualties as a result of Pakistani airstrikes in Kabul. Targeting civilian homes, educational facilities or medical infrastructure, either intentional or by mistake, is a war crime. The sheer disregard for human lives, especially during the holy month of Ramadan, is sickening and deeply concerning. It will only fuel division and hatred. I call upon the UN and other human rights agencies to thoroughly investigate this latest atrocity and hold the perpetrators to account. I stand with my Afghan people in this difficult time. We shall heal, and we will rise as a nation. We always do. Inshallah ! 🇦🇫
I lost my son sahil Dhaneshra a 22+ year old young and most talented boy whom I raised for 23 years alone as a single mom ,was killed brutally by a scorpio N bearing no.UP57BM3057 driver is an unlicensed driver and his sister while making speed fun reels in #dwarka#delhipolice