Devi-chan is confused

Rant account of a very pathetic person struggling with his sexuality and daily anxiety • 🏳️‍🌈 He/Him • Possibly Gay

[Daniel @danieleskay]

Saleh/salih is the Malay word for biologically abnormal (lulus naturae). Caucasians were too light-skinned compared to locals so we call them as we call our albino buffalos (kerbau salih, kerbau balar). Indonesian uses bule (bulai) which refers to the same concept. #etymology

[Wilson is Running 🇲🇾 @wilsonyimby]

Oh you led me down another rabbit hole - this time about why Perlis has no Sultan.

Actually this one I think studied before, but I totally forgot.

Perlis is one of only two Malay states where the ruler is not called a Sultan. The other is Negeri Sembilan with its Yang di-Pertuan Besar. This one buku sejarah pernah baca.

The ruler of Perlis is called Raja.

The House of Jamalullail has ruled Perlis since 1843.

They are of Hadhrami Arab Sayyid descent, tracing back to Yemen. The ancestor, Sayyid Ahmad bin Husayn Jamal Al-Layl, migrated from Hadhramaut to Kedah around 1735.

The family name "Jamal Al-Layl" translates roughly to "Camel of the Night." Folk legend says the clan founder used to wander at night filling the wells and fountains of mosques.

Now, how did Perlis end up with a Raja.

Perlis used to be part of Kedah. The Jamalullail family had married into Kedah royalty by the late 18th century. Syed Harun Jamalullail, father of the future first Raja, was made chieftain of Arau as a wedding gift when he married Tengku Sofiah, daughter of Sultan Dhiauddin II of Kedah.

Then came the Siamese invasion.

Siam occupied Kedah from 1821 to 1842. Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Halim Shah II went into exile in Penang. Arab families in Kedah, including the Jamalullails, led the resistance through both armed revolt and diplomacy with Bangkok.

In 1842, Siam finally agreed to restore the Sultan of Kedah. But with two big conditions.

First, the northern district of Setul would be annexed into Siam. It remains in Thailand today as Satun.

Second, Perlis would be separated from Kedah and made a direct vassal of Bangkok.

On 20 May 1843, Siam installed Sayyid Hussain Jamalullail as the first Raja of Perlis, with the Sultan of Kedah's endorsement.

So why Raja, not Sultan.

According to historical accounts, Malay royal custom held that the title of Sultan could only be bestowed by another Sultan. The Jamalullails were installed by Siam, a Buddhist kingdom, not by a fellow Sultan. The Sultan of Kedah endorsed the formation of Perlis but did not confer the Sultan title.

Sayyid Hussain was the paternal grandson of a Hadhrami Arab immigrant and the maternal grandson of the Sultan of Kedah. His descendants have ruled Perlis as Rajas ever since.

A few other interesting facts.

The 1909 Anglo-Siamese Treaty transferred Perlis from Siamese to British control, along with Kedah, Kelantan, and Terengganu.

Perlis has no districts. It is the only Malaysian state not divided into districts, because it is too small. (8 people only /s)

Two Rajas of Perlis have served as Yang di-Pertuan Agong: Tuanku Syed Putra as the third Agong from 1960 to 1965, and Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin as the twelfth Agong from 2001 to 2006.

The state constitution, signed by Tuanku Syed Putra, came into force on 1 March 1959. In 2015, Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin commanded that the state should be called simply "Perlis" without additional epithets like "Indera Kayangan" or "Darul," because that was how his father signed it.

TL/DR Malaysia's smallest state has the only royal house of Hadhrami Arab descent, installed by Siam in 1843, endorsed by the Sultan of Kedah, and still bearing the title Raja 183 years later because of a custom about who can call whom a Sultan.

[PS @dostoevesque]

We have become too articulate about our suffering & too inarticulate about our strength. The more elegantly we describe our wounds, the harder it becomes to leave them behind. When a struggle becomes part of your identity, overcoming it feels like a betrayal of who you are.

[@shartgroblin @shartgroblin]

i asked my dad for minecraft as a kid and he made me repair the entire house for a summer and instead of buying minecraft he gave me a bank account and $200. i used the money to buy minecraft and he yelled at me and closed my account

[Lex Maniac @Lexbianism]

Fun fact: the "Metroidvania" genre of games is named from a combination of Metroid and Pennsylvania

[oat milk princess 🇵🇸 @heartluvr2000]

speaking of accents a few months into dating my scottish boyfriend i was trying to figure out what his voice reminded me of. something so beautiful and familiar that had accompanied me since childhood. it turns out it was shrek

[christian girl autumn participant @thotyorkcity]

the impact of ramadan

[Boob the builder @rectumradio]

Dawg “we’re racist and homophobic thats why we don’t sign the Genocide Convention” is a great response from reformasi

[Orikron 🇵🇹 骆培思 @orikron]

Clean 🔫

[eigenrobot @eigenrobot]

i reject "polytheism" and "monotheism" alike because assigning to the divine an aspect as base as quantity seems presumptuous

[PHILOSOPHY | φιλοσοφία @PhilosophyOnX]

All religion, my friend, is simply evolved out of fraud, fear, greed, imagination, and poetry.

Edgar Allan Poe

[Amad @AmadXIV]

Since dah tak embargo, aku pun nak share gambar tapak ni masa pasukan USM keluarkan patung ni dari tapak 17-21 Mei 2024.

[Jisu @JisuArtist]

All this effort just to make my art look this bad