Pakistan is a 5000 year old civilisation. A fact its leaders have always known - and talked about. Indians are suddenly waking up to this fact today because they are in an identity crisis and are being kicked around by USA after their setbacks at the hands of Pakistan and China.
@tanvi_madan Yes, Iran isn’t as close to India but its oil is. Wait till Iran imposes an India specific environmental surcharge on ships transmitting through Hormuz and the PM will begin tweeting “Iran se to hamara purana naata hai”.
When Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi died in a helicopter crash in 2024, India dispatched its vice president to the funeral. But now the Modi government is sending much lower-level representation to the multi-day state funeral for Ali Khamenei, who was assassinated by the U.S. and Israel. Khamenei was not only Iran’s spiritual leader but also its head of state.
The decision suggests that Modi’s tilt toward the aggressor states in the Iran war still persists. By avoiding higher-level representation, New Delhi appears intent on not antagonizing Washington and Tel Aviv.
The government would argue that it is calibrating its representation to honor India’s historical and strategic relationship with Iran as a maritime neighbor while avoiding a high-profile political gesture that could complicate ties with Washington and Tel Aviv. Critics, however, will see the decision as evidence that India is allowing the U.S. and Israel to influence its Iran policy.
@IndianTintin_ … been lying in the archives — unread! More material is there waiting to be read, Faruqi says. So that demolishes argument that all was written in the 1900s.
As for calling him “normal”, no, new age historians don’t do that. They just place him in context of those times. 2/2
Things went horribly wrong with the 48th Imam Aga Khan III. 48th realised that he could turn the faith into something compatible with his desire to be a playboy — result is that today Ismailism bears little resemblance to traditional Islam.
It’s well-known that Ismaili Muslims practice Islam somewhat differently than the Sunni and Twelver Shii majority. We pray Dua 3x per day instead of 5 namaz; we are not obligated to fast physically in Ramadan but instead perform an inner mental fast every day; hajj to Mecca is not obligatory whereas going to visit the Imam is paramount. These changes to Ismaili ritual were made recently within the last 150 years by our 48th Imam Aga Khan III as an expression of Ismaili theological and legal principles.
This new chapter I published in the Oxford Handbook of Islamic Reform edited by @EmadHamdeh lays out how, why and when these ritual reforms occurred:
https://t.co/rQCJfVhg05