In Chapter 6 of the 1st book of the Arthashastra, Chanakya introduces the core metric of personal success: Indriya-Jaya (Conquest of the Senses).
He explicitly lists the 6 internal enemies (Ṣaḍripu) that destroy a human being from within:
- Kāma (lust / desire)
- Krodha (anger)
- Lobha (greed)
- Māna (vanity / arrogance)
- Mada (pride / haughtiness / intoxication of power)
- Harṣa (overjoy / excessive happiness / euphoria)
Chanakya states that a person who has not conquered these 6 internal enemies will inevitably destroy themselves, even if they inherit an entire empire.
Modern dopamine-addicted society is entirely run by these 6 impulses. Chanakya’s methodology is an aggressive blueprint to systematic habits, stoicism & emotional regulation.
#DIDYOUKNOW: Mobula rays have wing-like fins that allow them to launch out of the water, earning them the nickname “flying rays!”
It’s uncertain why they jump, but it may be to rid themselves of parasites, evade predators, communicate, corral food, or even just for fun.
She is Dr Vatsala Agarwal.
In August last year, she was appointed Director General Health Services of Delhi. She wasted no time and immediately started buying medicines and equipments at highly inflated rates by allegedly manipulating the tender processes, misusing hundreds of crores in public funds. By the time the Delhi police arrested her today, she had already allegedly created a health scam worth 600 crores.
Almost everyone in govt service, from top to bottom, seems to make massive money whenever an opportunity arises. Imagine the scale of systemic corruption if a single official can siphon off 600 crore rupees in less than a year. And it's not like she was honest for her 30 years of service till now, and suddenly turned corrupt; she only got caught now. Her life long scam would be much more than 600 crores.
It is truly surprising that India continues to grow despite such staggering leaks in the system.
South Korean investors have never borrowed this much to buy equities:
Margin loans in South Korea are up to a record ~$26 billion, DOUBLING since the start of 2025.
However, as a % of Korea's free float, the portion of the market value available for public trading, margin loans are down to ~0.8%, the lowest since the 2020 pandemic low.
This comes as the surge in market cap has significantly outpaced the growth in leverage.
Meanwhile, during the recent market pullbacks, the daily forced liquidation ratio spiked to 4-5% of total outstanding margin loans, well above the ~1% seen under normal conditions.
This means brokers were forced to liquidate 4%-5% of all margin-backed positions in a single day because borrowers could not meet their margin calls.
Record leverage is exacerbating South Korea's market volatility.
DRDO का ऐतिहासिक कारनामा: भारत ने सफलतापूर्वक प्रदर्शित की तीन-स्तरीय बैलिस्टिक मिसाइल रक्षा क्षमता
भारत ने रक्षा क्षेत्र में एक और बड़ी उपलब्धि हासिल करते हुए 10 और 11 जून 2026 को लगातार तीन सफल उड़ान परीक्षणों के माध्यम से अपनी बहु-स्तरीय (Multi-Layered) बैलिस्टिक मिसाइल रक्षा प्रणाली (BMD) की क्षमता का प्रदर्शन किया। इन परीक्षणों के साथ भारत उन चुनिंदा देशों की श्रेणी में शामिल हो गया है जिनके पास लंबी दूरी की बैलिस्टिक मिसाइलों को हवा में ही नष्ट करने की उन्नत क्षमता मौजूद है।
क्या है यह उपलब्धि?
डीआरडीओ (DRDO) द्वारा किए गए इन परीक्षणों का उद्देश्य विभिन्न ऊँचाइयों और चरणों में आने वाली शत्रु बैलिस्टिक मिसाइलों को रोकने की क्षमता का प्रदर्शन करना था। परीक्षणों के दौरान इंटरसेप्टर मिसाइलों ने अपने निर्धारित लक्ष्यों को सफलतापूर्वक खोजा, ट्रैक किया और उन्हें नष्ट किया। इससे भारत की बहु-स्तरीय मिसाइल रक्षा प्रणाली की विश्वसनीयता सिद्ध हुई।
तीन-स्तरीय रक्षा कवच कैसे काम करता है?
भारत की नई BMD प्रणाली को इस प्रकार विकसित किया गया है कि वह किसी भी बैलिस्टिक मिसाइल को उसके विभिन्न उड़ान चरणों में रोक सके—
1. एक्सो-वायुमंडलीय अवरोधन (Exo-Atmospheric Interception)
इस स्तर पर इंटरसेप्टर पृथ्वी के वायुमंडल के बाहर या उसकी ऊपरी सीमा पर दुश्मन की मिसाइल को नष्ट करता है।
2. एंडो-वायुमंडलीय अवरोधन (Endo-Atmospheric Interception)
यदि पहला प्रयास विफल हो जाए, तो दूसरी परत वायुमंडल के भीतर प्रवेश कर चुकी मिसाइल को मार गिराने का प्रयास करती है।
3. टर्मिनल डिफेंस लेयर-
अंतिम सुरक्षा परत लक्ष्य क्षेत्र के निकट पहुंच चुकी मिसाइल को रोकने के लिए तैयार रहती है, जिससे किसी भी संभावित रिसाव (Leakage) की संभावना न्यूनतम हो जाती है।
इस प्रकार किसी एक इंटरसेप्शन के असफल होने पर भी दूसरी और तीसरी परत सुरक्षा प्रदान करती हैं।
भारत के लिए इसका रणनीतिक महत्व:-
भारत के पड़ोस में चीन और पाकिस्तान जैसे देश लंबी दूरी की बैलिस्टिक मिसाइलों से लैस हैं। ऐसे वातावरण में यह प्रणाली राष्ट्रीय सुरक्षा के लिए एक "रक्षा कवच" का कार्य करेगी।
इस उपलब्धि के बाद भारत—
प्रमुख शहरों और सामरिक ठिकानों को मिसाइल हमलों से बचाने में सक्षम होगा।
लंबी दूरी की बैलिस्टिक मिसाइलों के विरुद्ध विश्वसनीय प्रतिरक्षा प्राप्त करेगा।
अपनी प्रतिरोधक क्षमता (Deterrence) को और मजबूत करेगा।
अमेरिका, रूस, इज़राइल और चीन जैसे देशों की श्रेणी में अपनी जगह मजबूत करेगा।
AD-1 और AD-2 इंटरसेप्टर की भूमिका:-
भारत के BMD कार्यक्रम के दूसरे चरण में विकसित किए गए AD-1 और AD-2 इंटरसेप्टर अत्यधिक गति से आने वाली मिसाइलों को नष्ट करने के लिए तैयार किए गए हैं। DRDO पहले ही प्रदर्शित कर चुका है कि Phase-II BMD प्रणाली 5,000 किमी श्रेणी की बैलिस्टिक मिसाइलों को भी रोकने की क्षमता रखती है।
"सुदर्शन चक्र" की दिशा में बड़ा कदम:-
हाल के वर्षों में ड्रोन, रॉकेट, क्रूज मिसाइल और बैलिस्टिक मिसाइलों के बढ़ते खतरे को देखते हुए भारत एक व्यापक बहु-स्तरीय वायु एवं मिसाइल रक्षा नेटवर्क विकसित कर रहा है, जिसे कई विशेषज्ञ भारत का "Iron Dome Plus" या "सुदर्शन चक्र" कह रहे हैं। यह नेटवर्क विभिन्न प्रकार के खतरों के विरुद्ध एकीकृत सुरक्षा प्रदान करेगा।
$SPCX The SpaceX IPO is here!
What are you buying for $1.75 trillion?
• Space holds the moat.
• Connectivity makes the money.
• AI carries the valuation premium.
I have watched this clip multiple times, and it's worth revisiting.
A masterclass in thinking about India versus the rest of the emerging market universe.
Pure gold from Sachee Trivedi. 🔥
(Credit - Moneycontrol)
Kailasa was just scanned with lasers, and if you haven’t been following this place, hold on.
What’s being uncovered here won’t just rewrite Indian history. It could rewrite human history and prove Ancient India had tools far more advanced than we’ve been told.
But first, you have to understand what you’re looking at. Kailasa wasn’t built. It was removed from the side of a mountain. That means there was no room for mistakes while carving one of the hardest rocks on Earth. Between 200,000 and 400,000 tons of basalt were removed to create it. The first mystery is simple: we don’t know where it all went. We also don’t truly know when it was built. The main dating sources are two land grants, but that doesn’t tell us when the actual carving began. Dating matters because it would tell us what tools they had. Ancient India had steel by 600 BC, which later became the famous Damascus steel. But basalt is hardened lava. It’s around a 6 on the Mohs scale, meaning steel barely scratches it. In 1682, a Mughal emperor ordered 1,000 workers to destroy Kailasa. They failed. That alone shows how hard this stone is. Even with modern alloys, humans barely make a dent. Russian researchers tested this by having people strike basalt with modern tools, then measuring the removed volume with photogrammetry. The result? One person working every day for 3 years could remove only about 1 cubic meter. And since Kailasa is unfinished, we still have tool marks. Those marks show cuts deeper than what modern hydraulic breakers can achieve. To penetrate basalt that deeply, we’d normally need huge machinery. But machines that size wouldn’t fit in many of these spaces. So clearly, they had different tools. Not just powerful tools. Precision tools. The detail in Kailasa’s carvings looks like work done in soft soapstone, except it’s carved into basalt. What we know for sure is that our assumptions about ancient India are wrong. At minimum, they were far more advanced than we give them credit for. At most, something was happening back then that we still don’t fully comprehend.
Colin Angle (@colinangle) built iRobot for 33 years. Took it public, watched the Amazon acquisition get blocked by regulators, and then started over.
@immad and I got into all of it: how he funded iRobot for 8 years without VC, the sales tactic he used to get Fortune 500 CTOs to bankroll his R&D, why he thinks early capital would have killed the company, the $199 Roomba with a $42 BOM, what actually happened with Amazon and the FTC, and what he's building now at @FamiliarMxM, a robot priced to compete with the cost of owning a pet.
One of the more interesting founder journeys we've had on the show. Full episode below.