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Some quick answers: IAQ (indoor air quality) measures, as a matter of public policy in the US, are largely shaped by ASHRAE's recommendations. ASHRAE’s recommendations are shaped by the needs of the HVAC industry, so they tend to favor interventions that require lucrative infrastructure upgrades and long-term service contracts- which in-room filtration and germicidal ultraviolet generally do not. Ventilation is the most powerful mitigation tool we have, but few in North America are willing to tolerate even the minor changes in indoor temperature control that it causes. This results in far higher energy costs or the need to purchase and install expensive Heat Recovery Systems- that still do not recover all of the wasted energy. Ventilation-based IAQ measures generally stop as soon as significantly higher power bills that require budget reallocation start coming in or when occupants are advised to wear a sweater or jacket indoors. Commercial stand-alone air purifiers currently follow the razor blade & inkjet printer business model. The profit is made by selling poorly built but attractively designed machines with motors that burn out within two years and cannot be serviced and expensive proprietary filter medium that only fit that specific air purifier model. There is little money to be made, and none of it recurring, in building durable, repairable air purifiers that accept non-proprietary, standard HVAC filters like a commercialized CR-Box would when there is almost no public demand. While it’s everyone's first thought and seems intuitive, “UVC in a box” doesn’t work as air moving within the confines of a reasonably sized enclosure (even if convoluted), at a volume and velocity high enough to significantly reduce the viral load in a room, is not exposed for a long enough time to permit that viral inactivation. Usually, it's just a low-cost gimmick that manufacturers add-in that does little or nothing to improve air quality. In-duct GUV is effectively a far larger enclosure, is low cost, and offers some mitigation between rooms, but it does little to reduce the viral load within a room. Its inherent low cost makes it unpopular with contractors who often try to add ionizers and similar dubious proprietary technology to raise the installation cost. Upper-room GUV using 254nm UV or even 270nm LED UV is well-tested, low-cost legacy technology that is extremely safe and effective at cutting in-room viral load. There are open-source fixtures available that can be built in any country, but all Upper-Room GUV requires professional installation, UV measuring equipment, and appropriately trained HVAC technicians. As above, HVAC contractors prefer interventions that require no additional training and ensure long-term service contracts. The Bored-Ape fiasco in Hong Kong also makes any GUV using 254nm UVC- as powerful and safe a tool as it is properly installed, something of a non-starter for the foreseeable future. 222nm Far-UVC, if properly filtered and installed, is safe for skin and eyes and is one of the most effective potential interventions we have. Particularly in high-mixing, high-traffic, low-dwell time spaces like elevators, stairways, and bathrooms that can be thought of as "pump handle points" or central branching off sites in long infection chains. One-fifth grader infects the other fifth-graders in the classroom, but those fifth-graders pass the infection to the second-grade in the bathrooms. All the in-classroom filtration in the world won't help you if they share bathrooms or climb the stairs together unmasked between classes. A hospital patient may only be exposed to 5-8 HCW a day in their room. But each time one of those HCW enters an elevator, they are breathing in the suspended aerosols of the last two dozen occupants. Properly installed 222nm Far-UVC can offer ACH values well over 100- addressing even near-field transmission in these tight quarters. Even limited use of Far-UVC at these "pump handle points" would drastically limit propagation along infection chains. Unfortunately, there are very few Far-UVC manufacturers, and they have formed an informal cartel- somewhat reminiscent of the Phoebus Cartel, to keep prices 3-4x what they actually need to be, approximately $3000+ for a small room. They also fight any degree of transparency as to the safety and specifications of their products, so it is difficult to know what you are getting and how to use it appropriately. Their preferred customers are enterprises and governments- who can afford the margins and professional installation. Most consumers don't even have Far-UVC on their radar so have little interest in pressing manufacturers for better conduct- and manufacturers have no incentive to risk their presently generous margins by pursuing the currently tiny consumer market. TLDR- All the most effective mitigations we have can be manufactured and operated at far lower cost than they presently are. There are significant financial incentives to profiteer from the pandemic- to keep costs high and suppress low-cost options, and absolutely no incentives to counter that. This remains possible because the public still has relatively little interest in IAQ despite its importance- largely due to its being politicized and a near media blackout on the subject.

I want everyone to be vaccinated & immune to this virus I also agree w this letter in the Lancet This is not a pandemic of the unvaccinated. It is a pandemic of a virus. I hope we don’t lose track of this & I urge policy leaders to stop saying this https://t.co/rIeHU8epEG