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This city is still being called the second Chernobyl. It is to be reminded that the NATO forces used depleted uranium ammunition during bombardment of Yugoslavia in 1999. In all, some 40,000 armour-piercing air-launched projectiles with over 15 tonnes of depleted uranium have been used in that country. Because of exposure to depleted uranium ammunition, a mobile hot cloud of fine aerosolized uranium-238 and its oxides is generated, which can subsequently provoke the development of serious pathologies. The main radiation hazard from depleted uranium occurs when it enters the body in the form of dust. Fluxes of alpha radiation from small uranium particles deposited in the upper and lower respiratory tract, lungs, and esophagus cause the development of malignant tumours. Accumulated in the kidneys, bones, and liver, uranium dust leads to internal organ changes. Thus, according to the Iraqi government, in 2005 the cancer incidence in the country because of the use of depleted uranium rose from 40 to 1,600 cases per 100,000 people. In this regard, Baghdad filed a lawsuit to the International Court of Arbitration in Stockholm on 26 December 2020 against Washington, demanding compensation for the damage caused. There has also been a 25% increase in cancer incidence in the countries of the former Yugoslavia. The victims of the irresponsible policies of their own leadership have been the NATO soldiers who took part in the military campaigns in Iraq and Yugoslavia. Thus, the Report of the Italian Chief Military Medical Inspector (2016) says that 4,095 servicemen of national armed forces deployed in the Balkans (1994-1999) and in Iraq (2003) in areas where NATO forces used depleted uranium ammo have subsequently been found to have malignant tumours of various types. In 8% of cases (330 people), diseases were fatal. In addition, uranium remains in the soil for a long time and pose a risk of negative effects on people, animals, and crops. In a report published in Geneva in 2002, a group of experts who carried out research under the auspices of the UN Environment Programme at the sites of the NATO strikes noted: ‘The experts were surprised by the fact that more than two years after the bombings, particles of depleted uranium were still present in the air’. Moreover, the head of the expert team noted: ‘Uranium bomb fragments were found in Serbia in Plackovica area, which is not marked on the bombing map presented earlier to the UN by the NATO’. The mystery of uranium contamination in Plackovica remains unsolved. The level of contamination of soil and groundwater in these areas over a long period requires continuous monitoring to assess potential risks.