The dead leaf in this video is a frog. A hand-sized one that swallows scorpions, crabs, lizards, and baby rodents whole. It doesn't chase any of them. It dresses up as forest litter, holds itself dead still, and waits for one to walk into its mouth.
The frog is sitting out in the open. A bird or a snake hunting that ground can see it perfectly well. What saves it is the split second when the predator's eyes land on the shape, the brain decides "leaf, not food," and it moves on. Scientists have a name for this, and it works differently from plain camouflage. Camouflage means a hunter can't find you. Masquerade means the hunter finds you, looks right at you, and waves you off as garbage.
In 2010, biologists at the University of Glasgow proved it. They took caterpillars shaped like little twigs and put one alone in an empty box with a hungry chick. Nowhere to hide. But chicks that had just been pecking at actual twigs were much slower to attack, because their brains had already sorted that shape into "twig, ignore." The caterpillar sat there in plain view. The chick's brain just dropped it in the wrong box. This frog is doing the same job, blown up to the size of your palm.
Look at how the costume is built. The points over its eyes and the spike on its nose look like horns, but they're just flaps of skin, angled to break the smooth frog shape into the torn edge of a dead leaf. Two ridges run down its back right where a leaf's veins would sit. The dull browns match wet, rotting litter so well your eye slides off it. Even the name fits: nasuta is Latin for nose, after that long pointed snout.
The disguise pulls double duty. It keeps the frog off the menu for anything that would eat it, and keeps it invisible to anything it wants to eat. A cricket strolls past and sees a leaf, not a predator, right up until the mouth opens. One outfit, two very different victims.
The babies are stranger than the adults. When the eggs hatch, the tadpoles don't graze along the streambed like normal tadpoles do. They hang at the surface with an upside-down funnel of a mouth pointed at the sky, skimming specks of food off the surface. No other family of frogs on Earth grows a mouth like that.
The females top out around five inches and the males are often half that. People living near these streams rarely see one. You hear it first, a loud honking call that picks up in the minutes before rain.
It comes down to one quiet bet. The frog sits in full view, in plain sight of the bird and of you, trusting that your eyes will read the shape as a leaf and slide right past. In the wild, that bet almost always pays off.
Reminds me of the time I was out drinking in college and ran across a mole that had gotten trapped on a street with a couple feral cats. Putting them back into the soil was one of the best experiences of my lift. You've never felt anything as soft as a mole
Without a doubt, our best trail camera capture yet: the first documented observation of a cougar with kittens in Minnesota in modern history. Turn up the volume to hear all the vocalizations.
The footage, which was captured on March 25, shows a cougar with 3 large kittens while they feed on a deer they killed just south of Voyageurs National Park.
We captured this surreal footage because we started a study to understand the survival and mortality patterns of deer in our area this winter. As part of that work, we GPS-collared several deer in the area in January.
In late March, we received a mortality signal from a GPS-collared deer and found the carcass buried under a pile of leaves on a hillside—a tell tale sign of feline predation.
We suspected it was likely a bobcat but thought, just possibly, it could be a cougar. So we put up two trail cameras on the cached deer carcass and 4 hours later, two cougar kittens returned to the kill.
The entire family showed up that evening and spent hours in front of our cameras. In total, we captured 7.3 hr (435 minutes) of video footage of these animals. We will share more footage soon!
Huge thanks to the Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund for supporting the Voyageurs Wolf Project and the recent effort to understand deer survival in the area. Their support was critical to this observation—without it, we would never have captured this footage.
And huge thanks to the >10,600 donors who have supported our project and enabled us to purchase trail cameras supplies. The cameras (and batteries, SD cards, mounts) we set at this kill were purchased with funds from donations.