Post op xray of
#OLIF PROCEDURE
Initial complaints:-
Left leg radiculopathy
Failure of conservative treatment
WhyOLIF:-
Minimal invasive
Increase disc height restoration
Large cage size
Storm chaser Jonas Piontek captures a dramatic supercell time-lapse over a wheat field, where frequent lightning illuminates the cloud structure against a clear starry night sky
This video captures the view from Aiguille du Midi at 3842 meters in the French Alps, reached by a 20-minute cable car from Chamonix with 360-degree panoramas of Mont Blanc and surrounding peaks.
Incredible India 🇮🇳!
Not the Swiss Alps. This is Kangra Valley, Himachal Pradesh.
Nestled in the lap of the Himalayas and surrounded by the majestic Dhauladhar Range, Kangra Valley looks straight out of a postcard.
Daniel captures a peaceful golden-hour sunrise in the Allgäu forest, where crepuscular rays pierce through mist along a gravel path for a meditative, cinematic nature scene.
What are the key, practical alignment parameters in cervical spinal deformity surgery? Hope colleagues find this brief review on this topic helpful. https://t.co/bXT7II5cwf
India gliding beneath the International Space Station, seen from just 70 km above Earth 🇮🇳🌍
A breathtaking perspective of our incredible planet from space.
#India#ISS#EarthFromSpace#Space
Pain Mechanisms in Fibromyalgia: An Integrative Narrative Review of Central, Peripheral, Neuroimmune, and Psychobiological Factors
https://t.co/dc9oHiPqqE
Do you feel there’s a back-log of findings in a spine MRI report?
Everyone talks about discs & facets, but not everyone talks about the endplates.
Do you?
Do you need to talk about degenerative changes (Modic changes) of the endplates?
Here’s thread w/all you need to know!
Over 30 years ago, Modic et al. found there were 3 types of degenerative endplate changes:
(1) T2 bright changes (indicating edema, Modic 1)
(2) T1 bright changes (indicating fat, Modic 2)
(3) T1 & T2 dark changes (indicating sclerosis, Modic 3)
But what do they mean?
MODIC 1
--Bright on T2, indicating edema.
--Pathology shows inflammation, vascular granulation tissue, & high cellular turnover
--Vascular granulation tissue means these can enhance on post contrast images—mimicking discitis!
MODIC 2
--Bright on T1, indicating fat.
--Show fatty conversion of the marrow & low cellular turnover.
--I think of them as the middle-aged dad bod of degenerative change—lots of fat & slow to change!
MODIC 3
--Dark on T1 & T2, indicating sclerosis
--Pathology showsdense fibrous tissue & sclerosis.
--Like endplates get fossilized—once you turn into rock, you are never going back.
I remember these bc the forces at work in the endplates are like the famous astrology signs—almost.
Earth (sclerosis)
Wind (fatty changes, when you feel fat & full, you tend to give off wind!)
Fire (inflammation, edema)
Now you can use this when you go BACK to work on reading spine MRIs!