A retired paper merchant with no background in science decided to string a telegraph wire across the entire Atlantic Ocean. It failed so completely that people called it a hoax and a stock scam. He spent twelve years and crossed the ocean more than thirty times proving them wrong.
His name was Cyrus Field. In 1854 he was rich and restless, staring at a globe in his living room, when the idea hit. Back then a letter from London to New York went by ship, about ten days if the weather held. Field wanted to drop a copper wire two thousand miles across a seabed no human had ever seen, and make that message land in minutes.
The experts said it couldn't be done, and they had good reasons. Nobody had ever built a wire that long. It would weigh thousands of tons, more than any ship could hold. And nobody knew if an electric signal could even survive two thousand miles underwater. When Congress voted to help pay for it, the bill scraped through the Senate by one vote.
Then came the failures. The 1857 cable snapped after three hundred miles and sank into two miles of water. In 1858 a storm nearly sank the ship hauling it, and the cable broke, and broke, and broke. Field talked his exhausted backers into one last try that summer, and it held. Queen Victoria sent the US president a 98-word note. It took about sixteen hours to crawl down the wire. New York threw a party so wild the fireworks set City Hall on fire, and Tiffany sold off chunks of leftover cable as souvenirs.
Three weeks and 732 messages later, it went dead. An engineer had forced two thousand volts through the line trying to speed it up, and cooked the insulation. The mood flipped fast. By the end of 1858 people were calling it a fraud to drive up the share price, and Field went from national hero to suspected con man.
The Civil War ate the next few years. When it ended, Field found fresh backing and a new ship: Brunel's Great Eastern, the only ship big enough to carry the whole cable at once. In 1865, with a few hundred miles to go, the cable snapped and vanished into the deep. He brushed it off. "We've learned a great deal," he said, "and next summer we'll lay the cable without a doubt."
In July 1866, he did. Then his crew steamed back out, fished up the cable lost the year before, and finished that one too. Two working lines.
The new cable carried words eighty times faster than the first one. A message between two continents went from ten days to minutes.
Betting against Cyrus Field was the rational move, and the pessimists were proven right almost every single time. But the one outcome that rewired how the whole world communicates came from the lone man who stayed optimistic and was right.
STOP STARTING YOUR EMAILS WITH:
“I HOPE YOU’RE DOING WELL.”
IT’S CORRECT. IT’S POLITE. AND IT’S ALSO ONE OF THE MOST FORGETTABLE OPENINGS THERE IS.
IF YOU WANT SOMEONE TO REPLY, DON’T START LIKE EVERYONE ELSE.
START WITH INTENTION.
HERE ARE 10 ALTERNATIVES: 👇
How to take it (most people get this wrong):
- Powder mixed with food is best
- Target 1-3g/day of dried powder
- Fresh root needs 2-3x the dose
- Always pair with black pepper or ginger (doubles absorption)
Ernest Shackleton watched the ice slowly crush his ship past saving. He turned to his stranded crew and told them: ship and stores have gone, so now we'll go home.
It was 1915. He had sailed to Antarctica to cross the whole continent on foot, and his ship, the Endurance, got stuck in thick sea ice before he ever reached land. The ice held the ship for ten months, then crushed it until it broke apart. They left the ship that October and watched it sink that November, with no other people for hundreds of miles, no radio, and no one coming to look for them.
What the crew saw was a man who never lost his nerve. What they could not see was his diary. The night the ship was crushed, he wrote one line about it: it is hard to write what I feel. A crewmate later said it plainly. If Shackleton ever wanted to give up, he kept it to himself.
The calm was something he did on purpose. He held everyone to a strict daily routine so no one had time to lose hope. When the men threw out every heavy thing that might slow them down, he ordered them to keep the banjo, because music at night kept the men from falling apart. When his photographer lost his gloves, Shackleton gave away his own and let his fingers freeze.
They lived on the drifting ice for five months, eating seals and penguins. When the ice broke up, they rowed three small lifeboats about 180 miles to Elephant Island, a bare rock where no one lived and no ship would ever pass. Food ran so low that one of the men wrote they might have to eat whoever died first.
So Shackleton bet everything on a single boat. He and five others climbed into a 22-foot lifeboat and sailed 800 miles across the roughest ocean on Earth, through 16 days of freezing storms, aiming for a tiny island called South Georgia. They reached it. Then he crossed its mountains on foot for 36 hours straight, over ground no one had ever crossed, to reach a whaling station and get help.
Twenty-two men were still waiting back on Elephant Island. They waited 105 days. Three times a rescue ship was turned back by the ice before a small Chilean tug finally broke through, on August 30, 1916.
Shackleton stood on the bow as it neared the shore and called across the water, asking if they were all well. The answer came back: all safe, all well.
All 28 of them came home. He never let his men watch him break, and that was the whole point.
Worked with a woman years ago. Smart. Efficient. Sometimes a pain in the ass. But every single person in the building, CEO, warehouse guys, IT, absolutely loved her.
Made no sense, She wasn't fake, She didn't suck up, She'd push back when she disagreed with you. But people still lit up when she walked in.
I finally asked her what the hell her secret was.
She said: "At the end of every conversation, no matter what, I say something positive about the other person. Even if we just argued, Especially if we just argued."
I didn't believe it at first, Sounded like corporate yoga nonsense.
Then I started watching.
Meeting ends, Disagreement about budgets, Before walking out, she'd say: "By the way, really sharp point you made about Q3. I'm stealing that for my deck."
Email thread gets tense. Final reply from her: "Appreciate you taking the time to walk through this. Helps a lot."
Loading dock dispute over delivery schedules. Ends with: "You guys deal with way more chaos than anyone realizes. Thank you."
It wasn't scripted, It was deliberate.
People didn't remember the argument. They remembered that she noticed them.
Simple trick. Hard to do consistently. Worth it.
Qualcomm just paid $3.9 billion for a 150-person company. The prize: a programming language that lets AI run on ANY chip without NVIDIA's CUDA.
Meta and Microsoft are already placing orders.
The NVIDIA software monopoly just got its first real challenger. $3.9B says this is real.
For the record.
Micron’s latest results should force a fundamental reassessment of how the market values memory.
The simplest way to frame it: Micron just generated more profit in a single quarter than Nvidia did almost exactly one year ago, yet it continues to trade at a steep discount to the broader semiconductor complex. That disconnect is becoming increasingly difficult to justify.
To be clear, not every semiconductor company shares Micron’s characteristics today.
Large parts of the sector are trading at extended valuations, pricing in near-perfection. Micron is not. That distinction matters.
For decades, Micron has been boxed into a “commodity memory” narrative, cyclical, capital intensive, and structurally prone to cash flow drawdowns. Even as the company has systematically disproven that characterization, demonstrating sustained profitability, improved capital discipline, and structurally tighter supply dynamics, the market has been slow to update its priors.
What is now changing is not just Micron’s execution, but the role of memory itself. Wall St is finally exiting the 1990s product cycle narrative.
AI infrastructure is not compute alone. Memory is emerging as the critical constraint layer. High-bandwidth memory (HBM), DRAM scaling, and storage density are becoming foundational to system performance, not peripheral components. This is beginning to be reflected in both pricing power and demand visibility.
Micron’s historic earnings matter less than its 16 take‑or‑pay SCAs, which lock in five years of high‑margin, contractually guaranteed demand and cover roughly half of company revenue.
Customers are pre‑paying $ 22B. for allocation. The boom‑bust memory cycle that defined Micron for five decades is, in my view, over.
Importantly, this demand is not confined to data centers.
•L2+ autonomous vehicles already require more than 5x the memory and storage content of a standard vehicle.
•The penetration of L2+ systems is set to more than double this year to over 20%, with expectations of exceeding 40% by 2030.
•Robotics platforms are even more memory-intensive, carrying roughly 10x the memory of an L2+ vehicle.
Taken together, these trends point to a sustained, multi-decade demand expansion for memory, well beyond the traditional PC and smartphone cycles that historically defined the industry.
The near-term numbers are equally striking. Micron’s forward guidance implies revenue approaching $50 billion and profit around $35 billion next quarter. For context, Nvidia generated approximately $35 billion in revenue and $20 billion in profit in Q3 2025, a period when it commanded a market capitalization near $4 trillion.
The implication is clear: the market has fully repriced compute, but it has yet to fully reprice memory.
If this quarter marks the moment when Wall Street begins to recognize memory as a structural, not cyclical, pillar of AI infrastructure, then Micron’s valuation framework may finally begin to converge with its earnings power.
Every complaint trains the mind to look for obstacles.
Every question focused on solutions trains the mind to find solutions.
Complaints keep your attention on what you can't control.
Questions shift it to what you can.
#wisdom
💥 NEW: Investor and All-In Podcast co-host @chamath lets it rip with @danprimack on The Axios Show.
In the episode:
• What it's like to talk AI with Trump
• How Facebook "fumbled" its AI advantage
• The "blemish" on his record
People already know what to do.
They struggle because habits are stronger than intentions.
If knowledge were enough, no one would smoke, overeat, procrastinate, or doomscroll.
Intentions require effort.
Habits don't.
Real change doesn't begin when you learn something new.
It begins when you catch yourself running the old pattern and choose differently.
You don't need more advice.
You need more interruptions to your automatic behavior.
We don't become what we intend.
We become what we repeatedly do.
#psychology
Secret weapon in life: the ability to say "I changed my mind" without shame. Updating your position based on new evidence is intelligence. Stubbornness disguised as conviction is expensive.
I’m 46. I’ve built 2 billion dollar businesses and advised billionaires at Goldman Sachs.
If I was starting all over again, this is exactly what I'd tell my 20-year-old self to do:
1. Make reversible decisions fast
2. Build proof of work instead of credentials
3. Optimize for learning speed, not title or pay
4. Choose an environment before choosing a role
5. Pick one compounding skill and commit for years
6. Kill backup plans that give me an excuse to hesitate
7. Say yes to every opportunity even if I don't feel qualified
8. Protect the first hour of my day like my life depends on it
9. Learn to communicate clearly in writing and conversation
10. Stay in the game long enough for momentum to take over
11. Stop trying to look impressive and start trying to be useful
12. Learn how money actually moves by being close to revenue
13. Build a reputation for reliability by doing exactly what I say I'll do
14. Put myself in rooms where I'm clearly behind and forced to level up
15. Finish boring projects that others abandon once the excitement fades
The gap between where you are and where you want to be is a handful of right decisions repeated with unreasonable effort.