Siva Kumar Saragadam

App Developer|| 🇮🇳 👨‍💻

[Chandana 🌻✨ @RoseOnX9]

Colours for dark brown skin

[yourclouddude @yourclouddude]

Python OOP looks complicated because most people explain it with unnecessary theory.

Here is Object-Oriented Programming explained with one simple example:

A bank account ↓

1/ What is OOP?

OOP is a way of organizing related data and functionality inside objects.

A bank account contains:

• Owner
• Balance
• Deposit logic
• Withdrawal logic

Instead of managing these separately, we group them together.

2/ Classes and objects

A class is a blueprint.

An object is something created from that blueprint.

class BankAccount:
    pass

account1 = BankAccount()
account2 = BankAccount()

BankAccount is the class.

account1 and account2 are objects.

3/ The __init__ method

__init__ runs automatically whenever you create an object.

class BankAccount:
    def __init__(self, owner, balance):
        self.owner = owner
        self.balance = balance

It gives every new account its starting data.

4/ What does self mean?

self refers to the current object.

account1 = BankAccount("Alex", 1000)
account2 = BankAccount("Sam", 500)

Now:

print(account1.owner) # Alex
print(account2.owner) # Sam

Each object stores its own data.

5/ Attributes

Attributes are variables stored inside an object.

self.owner = owner
self.balance = balance

Here:

• owner stores the account holder
• balance stores the available money

Different objects can have different attribute values.

6/ Methods

Methods are functions defined inside a class.

They describe what an object can do.

class BankAccount:
    def __init__(self, owner, balance):
        self.owner = owner
        self.balance = balance

    def deposit(self, amount):
        self.balance += amount

Now the account can update its own balance.

7/ Using methods

account = BankAccount("Alex", 1000)

account.deposit(500)

print(account.balance)

Output:

1500

The data and the logic that manages it stay together.

That is the main purpose of OOP.

8/ Encapsulation

A class should control how its data is changed.

def withdraw(self, amount):
    if amount <= 0:
        return "Invalid amount"

    if amount > self.balance:
        return "Insufficient balance"

    self.balance -= amount

The object prevents invalid withdrawals.

9/ Inheritance

Inheritance allows one class to reuse another class.

class SavingsAccount(BankAccount):
    def add_interest(self, rate):
        self.balance += self.balance * rate

A SavingsAccount is also a BankAccount.

It inherits the existing deposit and withdrawal behaviour.

10/ Method overriding

A child class can replace inherited behaviour.

class PremiumAccount(BankAccount):
    def withdraw(self, amount):
        self.balance -= amount
        return "Premium withdrawal completed"

The method name stays the same, but its behaviour changes.

11/ Composition

Composition means one object contains another object.

class NotificationService:
    def send(self, message):
        print(message)

class BankAccount:
    def __init__(self, owner, balance):
        self.owner = owner
        self.balance = balance
        self.notifications = NotificationService()

The account has a notification service.

Inheritance means is a.

Composition means has a.

12/ Complete example

class BankAccount:
    def __init__(self, owner, balance=0):
        self.owner = owner
        self._balance = balance

    def deposit(self, amount):
        if amount > 0:
            self._balance += amount

    def withdraw(self, amount):
        if 0 < amount <= self._balance:
            self._balance -= amount

    def show_balance(self):
        return self._balance

Usage:

account = BankAccount("Alex", 1000)

account.deposit(500)
account.withdraw(200)

print(https://t.co/qRduyn4pPO_balance())

Output:

1300

This small example teaches:

• Classes
• Objects
• __init__
• self
• Attributes
• Methods
• Encapsulation

Do not learn OOP by memorizing definitions.

Build small systems with it:

• Bank account
• Shopping cart
• Library system
• Employee manager
• Student record system

OOP becomes easier when you stop treating it as theory and start using it to model real things.

[Suraj Sharma @suraj_sharma14]

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You have way too much to do.

Bookmark & Repost.

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[Dean Turner @DeanTTraining]

If you…

- Have Gym access
- Have 4 Days Per Week to train
- Have ~60 Minutes to train each of those days
- Want to build muscle
- Want to lose fat
- Have no clue what to do

…here are TWO Workout Plans to choose from:

***Option 1: Upper/Lower/Push/Pull — Upper Body Focus***

𝗦𝗖𝗛𝗘𝗗𝗨𝗟𝗘
DAY 1: UPPER
DAY 2: LOWER
DAY 3: OFF or ZONE 2 CARDIO
DAY 4: PUSH
DAY 5: PULL
DAY 6: OFF or ZONE 2 CARDIO
DAY 7: OFF or ZONE 2 CARDIO

𝗨𝗣𝗣𝗘𝗥
Exercise 1: Incline Machine Press — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 2: Wide Grip Lat Pull-Down — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 3: Pec Fly Machine — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 4: Chest Supported Machine Rows w/ Pronated Grip — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 5: Seated Machine OHP — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 6: Seated Dumbbell Curls — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 7: Dip Machine — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR

𝗟𝗢𝗪𝗘𝗥
Exercise 1: Leg Extensions — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 2: Seated Leg Curls — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 3: Hack or Pendulum Squats — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 4: 45 Degree Extensions or SLDLs — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 5: ADduction Machine — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 6: Calf Press — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR (Partial reps from the dorsiflexed position to the neutral foot position)
Exercise 7: Ab Crunch Machine — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR

𝗣𝗨𝗦𝗛
Exercise 1: Seated/Flat Machine Press — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 2: Seated Low to High Cable Flys — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 3: Pec Fly Machine — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 4: Seated Machine OHP — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 5: Machine or Cable Lateral Raises — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 6: Seated Cable Tricep Push-Downs — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 7: Machine or Cable Overhead Tricep Extensions — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR

𝗣𝗨𝗟𝗟
Exercise 1: Single Arm Lat Pull-Down — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 2: Chest Supported Machine Rows w/ Pronated Grip — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 3: Wide Grip Lat Pull-Down — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 4: Rear Delt Fly Machine — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 5: Machine or Cable Preacher Curls — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 6: Seated Dumbbell Curls Neutral/Hammer Grip W/ Upper Arm Support — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR

***Option 2: Upper/Lower/Upper/Lower — Balanced Development**

𝗦𝗖𝗛𝗘𝗗𝗨𝗟𝗘
DAY 1: UPPER A
DAY 2: LOWER A
DAY 3: OFF or ZONE 2 CARDIO
DAY 4: UPPER B
DAY 5: LOWER B
DAY 6: OFF or ZONE 2 CARDIO
DAY 7: OFF or ZONE 2 CARDIO

𝗨𝗣𝗣𝗘𝗥 𝗔
Exercise 1: Seated/Flat Machine Press — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 2: Wide Grip Lat Pull-Down — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 3: Seated Low to High Cable Flys — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 4: Chest Supported Machine Rows w/ Neutral Grip — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 5: Seated Machine OHP — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 6: Seated Dumbbell Curls w/ Upper Arm Support — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 7: Seated Cable Tricep Push-Downs — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR

𝗟𝗢𝗪𝗘𝗥 𝗔
Exercise 1: Leg Extensions — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 2: Seated Leg Curls — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 3: Hack or Pendulum Squats — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 4: 45 Degree Extensions — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 5: ADduction Machine — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 6: Ab Crunch Machine — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 7: Calf Press on Leg Press — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR

𝗨𝗣𝗣𝗘𝗥 𝗕
Exercise 1: Incline Machine Press — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 2: Chest Supported Machine Rows w/ Pronated Grip — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 3: Pec Fly Machine — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 4: Machine or Cable Single Arm Lat Pull-Down — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 5: Machine or Cable Lateral Raises — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 6: Seated Hammer Curls w/ Upper Arm Support — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 7: Machine or Cable Overhead Tricep Extensions — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR

𝗟𝗢𝗪𝗘𝗥 𝗕
Exercise 1: Seated Leg Curls — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 2: Leg Extensions — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 3: 45 Degree Extensions or SLDLs — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 4: Calf Press on Leg Press — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 5: 45 Degree Leg Press — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 6: Ab Crunch Machine — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR
Exercise 7: Glute Bridges — 2x5-10 @ 0-1 RIR

Notes in post BELOW

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