Sunil Panda

A software professional | Indian

[Shubh Jain @shubh19]

🚨25 DSA Formulas That Will Change Your Coding Journey

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
📌 SEARCHING & BOUNDS
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

#01 Mid (Overflow Safe) → low + (high-low)/2
#19 Binary Search → while(low<=high) { mid = low+(high-low)/2 }

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
📌 ARRAY & STRING
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

#02 Subarrays → n(n+1)/2
#03 Pairs → n(n-1)/2
#04 Reverse → swap(l++, r--)
#06 Palindrome → s[l]==s[r]
#10 Toggle Case → c^32
#11 Vowel Check → in "aeiouAEIOU"

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
📌 BIT MANIPULATION
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

#05 XOR Swap → a^b, b^a, a^b
#08 Power of 2 → n>0 && (n&(n-1))==0
#09 Set Bits → n&=n-1 (Brian Kernighan)
⚡ Built-in: __builtin_popcount(n)

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
📌 TWO POINTER & SLIDING
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

#12 Prefix Sum → prefix[i]=prefix[i-1]+arr[i]
#13 Sliding Window → sum-arr[l]+arr[r]
#14 Two Pointer → while(l<r)

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
📌 LINKED LIST
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

#15 Reverse LL → prev, curr, next
#17 Floyd Cycle → slow(1x), fast(2x)
🎯 Cycle start: slow=head, both 1 step

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
📌 MATH, GCD & MOD
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

#07 Even/Odd → n&1
#16 GCD → gcd(b, a%b) | LCM → (a/gcd)*b
#21 MOD → (a+b)%M = ((a%M)+(b%M))%M
⚠️ Subtraction → always +M before %

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
📌 ADVANCED
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

#18 Merge Sorted → two pointer O(n+m)
#22 Kadane → cur=max(arr[i], cur+arr[i])
#23 Longest Unique → HashMap + Sliding Window

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
📌 COMPLEXITY CHEAT SHEET
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

🔹 Access O(1) | Search O(n) | Sorted Search O(log n)
🔹 Sorting O(n log n) | Nested O(n²) | Subsets O(2ⁿ) | Permutations O(n!)

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
📌 QUICK REVISION – 25 FORMULAS
━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━

#01 Mid → low+(high-low)/2
#02 Subarrays → n(n+1)/2
#03 Pairs → n(n-1)/2
#04 Reverse → swap(l++, r--)
#05 XOR Swap → a^b, b^a, a^b
#06 Palindrome → s[l]==s[r]
#07 Even/Odd → n&1
#08 Power of 2 → n&(n-1)==0
#09 Set Bits → n&=n-1
#10 Toggle → c^32
#11 Vowel → in "aeiouAEIOU"
#12 Prefix → prefix[i]=prefix[i-1]+arr[i]
#13 Sliding → sum-arr[l]+arr[r]
#14 Two Pointer → while(l<r)
#15 LL Reverse → prev,curr,next
#16 GCD → gcd(b,a%b)
#17 Floyd Cycle → slow 1x, fast 2x
#18 Merge → two pointer
#19 Binary Search → while(low<=high)
#20 Set Bits → __builtin_popcount
#21 Modular → (a+b)%M = ((a%M)+(b%M))%M
#22 Kadane → cur=max(arr[i], cur+arr[i])
#23 Longest Unique → HashMap+Sliding
#24 Complexity → O(1), O(n), O(n log n)
#25 Constants → 1e9+7, ASCII 65/97

⚠️ COMMON MISTAKES

❌ mid=(l+h)/2 → Overflow
❌ MOD subtraction without +M → Negative
❌ Kadane all-negative → Handle max element
❌ Floyd fast->next null check miss

🎯 INTERVIEW GOLD

1. Power of 2 → n>0 && (n&(n-1))==0
2. Cycle start → slow=head, both 1 step
3. XOR Swap → x^x=0, x^0=x
4. Brian Kernighan → O(k) set bits

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[Sudarsan Pattnaik @sudarsansand]

Jai Jagannath 🙏

[MY Bhubaneswar @MYBBSR]

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[Ajit Doval ᴾᵃʳᵒᵈʸ🇮🇳 @IAjitDoval_IND]

The New India After 2014!

[BMC @bmcbbsr]

📩 Notice ଆସିଥିଲେ ଚିନ୍ତା ନାହିଁ।
ଆପଣଙ୍କ ଦସ୍ତାବିଜ ଦାଖଲ ପାଇଁ ଦୁଇଟି ସୁବିଧାଜନକ ବିକଳ୍ପ ଉପଲବ୍ଧ:
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King is coming tommorow 🙌

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[Sunil Panda @sunil_panda2924]

@safabhubaneswar @bmcbbsr @Sulochana_Apa @MayorofBBSR @ChanchalRanaIAS Thanks for fixing this issue. I hope it remains resolved permanently.

[Sunil Panda @sunil_panda2924]

@bmcbbsr @Sulochana_Apa @MayorofBBSR @ChanchalRanaIAS Street light in Kalinga Vihar area K4 near House 840, Pole No.BMC 013 001 024 has been out of order for 4 weeks.Despite complaints on the bbsone,no action taken.Kindly repair urgently for public safety( id: 2026170507739)

[Sunil Panda @sunil_panda2924]

@safabhubaneswar @bmcbbsr @Sulochana_Apa @MayorofBBSR @ChanchalRanaIAS @safabhubaneswar How long should I expect it to take to get a street light complaint resolved?

[Sunil Panda @sunil_panda2924]

@safabhubaneswar @bmcbbsr @Sulochana_Apa @MayorofBBSR @ChanchalRanaIAS This request remains unresolved no one has been able to fix it since I filed the formal complaint 15 days ago.

[Sunil Panda @sunil_panda2924]

@safabhubaneswar @bmcbbsr @Sulochana_Apa @MayorofBBSR @ChanchalRanaIAS @safabhubaneswar could you please respond

[Sunil Panda @sunil_panda2924]

@safabhubaneswar @bmcbbsr @Sulochana_Apa @MayorofBBSR @ChanchalRanaIAS Again facing same problem could you please fix this permanently

[Sunil Panda @sunil_panda2924]

@safabhubaneswar @bmcbbsr @MayorofBBSR @ChanchalRanaIAS Please ensure a permanent solution to avoid repeat issues complain id : 2026020715895
I have raised concerns about this to tpcol aswell please find a way to frequent disruption.

[Sunil Panda @sunil_panda2924]

@safabhubaneswar @bmcbbsr @MayorofBBSR @ChanchalRanaIAS Street light near K4 LIG 840, Kalinga Vihar, Bhubaneswar disconnected after TPCOL service restoration in the area. Appears deliberately cut from substation. Could you Please restore urgently. #Bhubaneswar #TPCOL #StreetLight

[Sunil Panda @sunil_panda2924]

@Ravisutanjani Administrative professional

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A major boost to planned urban growth! BDA has announced its intention to prepare and implement four new Town Planning Schemes (TP Nos. 42-45) in the Bhubaneswar Development Plan Area under the ODA Act.
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