Which of the follow is first line therapy in newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease patient?👨🏻🦽💊
A) Pramipexole+Rasagiline
B) Levodopa+Carbidopa
C) Levodopa+Entacapone
D) Amantadine+Ropinirol
🟣ACE inhibitors - such as ramipril and perindopril - can cause drug-induced acute renal failure by dilating efferent arterioles and decreasing glomerular capillary pressure.
• Most of Anti Parkinson Drugs Cause Nausea & Vomiting To solve this medical Condition Use :
•Domperidone 💊
• It is a best medicine for this medical condition & also safe if the patient breastfeeding ✅
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#صيدلي
D) Statins
Statins are used to lower cholesterol levels, not to treat hypertension. Statins such as Atorvastatin, Simvastatin, Rosuvastatin are used for managing cholesterol levels by lowering LDL (bad) cholesterol and triglycerides.
Congratulations. Most of you were correct 👏.
C) Fluoxetine is not antibiotic. It is antidepressant medication belonging to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class.
It is used to treat depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), bulimia nervosa, and panic disorder.
Congratulations. All of you were correct👏.
Right answer is C) Losartan ✅
Losartan is not used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) which is used to treat high blood pressure and to protect kidneys in patients with diabetes who have proteinuria.
Congratulations all of you were correct. 👏
@IhabFathiSulima Hyperemesis gravidarum is the medical term for severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. The symptoms can be very uncomfortable. You might vomit more than three times a day, become dehydrated, feel constantly dizzy and lightheaded and lose weight.
🔴 Esomeprazole Review.
Indications
❤️🩹 Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
❤️🩹 Peptic ulcer disease (PUD)
❤️🩹 Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
Mechanism of Action
👉 Proton pump inhibitor: inhibits the H+/K+ ATPase pump in the gastric parietal cells, reducing gastric acid secretion.
Side Effects
◾️ Headache
◾️ Nausea
◾️ Diarrhea
◾️ Abdominal pain
◾️ Risk of Clostridium difficile infection (rare)
Pharmacokinetics
Esomeprazole is administered orally.
Peak plasma concentrations are reached within 1-2 hours after oral administration. The half-life of esomeprazole is approximately 1-1.5 hours.
Esomeprazole undergoes hepatic metabolism via the cytochrome P450 system and is excreted in the urine and feces.
Brand names
🛒 Nexium
Streptomycin is a second-line drug for tuberculosis due to drug-resistant strains and better first-line options.
It is used in cases where other antibiotics may be less effective due to resistance.
It is Used in Combination.
Dosage: 15 mg/kg IM daily, not exceeding 1 g/day. 👇🏻
Prednisolone is used off-label to manage acute exacerbations of COPD, at 30-40mg orally OD for 10-14 days. Its anti-inflammatory properties can reduce airway inflammation and improve symptom. But, its use should be carefully used due to ADRs eg Diabetes, osteoporosis, infections.
Xylocaine (lidocaine) is primarily used for treatment of ventricular arrhythmias, particularly in acute cases, as during cardiac arrest or other life-threatening arrhythmias.
It works by stabilizing cardiac cell membranes, which reduces excitability and automaticity of ventricles
Prevention of Peripheral Neuropathy caused by isoniazid:
Pyridoxine, also known as vitamin B6, is used for the prevention of peripheral neuropathy in patients treated with isoniazid for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The recommended dosage is 25-50 mg per day, taken orally. 👇🏻
Storms are part of life. The darker they are, the brighter the sky after it clears up. Always be hopeful. Nothing lasts. Your rainbow will emerge to beautify your day when the storm has passed.
Metformin should be avoided in patients with hepatic impairment due to the risk of lactic acidosis. It is contraindicated in individuals with an estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m².
Metformin is prescribed medication for management of type 2 diabetes.
💗 Drugs used to treat Bradycardia.
🔶 atropine ( first-line agent✅)
Atropine blocks the effects of the vagus nerve on the heart. When the vagus nerve is blocked, the SA node increases its rate of electrical discharge and this, in turn, results in an increased heart rate.
👉 Second-line agents
🔷 epinephrine
🔷 dopamine