Author’s note: I had just finished threading a 50-part breakdown of Robert Mueller’s indictments of the Russian nationals who attacked the American election in 2016. This was July 2019, when it was still relatively psychologically safe for me to keep Twitter comments open. I had pulled an all-nighter reading the indictments and when I was finished, I noticed a comment with a link from an account titled “dog_in_clouds”.
Exhausted, I began reading the attachment — The NATO Handbook Of Russian Information Warfare — and knew I had a duty to make this my next thread. What I didn’t know is I was going to meet my next great ally in the fight.
Keir Giles — the author of that handbook — is a Russia watcher, who has authored multiple books on information warfare, including Russia’s War On Everybody: And What it Means for You (Bloomsbury, 2022). Keir is an associate fellow of the Russia and Eurasia Programme at Chatham House, and worked with the BBC Monitoring Service and the UK Defence Academy.
I have been interviewing Keir ever since that July day, when a Twitter rando (who turned out to be cybersecurity writer) commented on my work, and I gained another incredible source.
This is Part 1 of a two-part interview series with Keir. The interview took place on 11 June 2026. Part 2 will be released when I have the greenlight to report on his upcoming bombshell book.—hsc
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Sexual deepfakes created by Elon Musk’s Grok AI chatbot and shared on his X platform violated Canada’s privacy law and while the company has made some changes they don’t go far enough, the privacy commissioner said Thursday. https://t.co/NeQlxS9paV #bdnmb
The federal privacy commissioner says sexual deepfakes created by Elon Musk’s Grok AI chatbot violated Canada’s privacy law.
#privacy#grok#ai#deepfake
https://t.co/bzecs5dzho
@mirror7news "Privacy Commissioner Philippe Dufresne holds a news conference on Parliament Hill to discuss the findings of his investigation into the Grok chatbot’s AI-powered image-generation tool."
https://t.co/RJSO2DwJJl
@MorePerfectUS "Privacy Commissioner Philippe Dufresne holds a news conference on Parliament Hill to discuss the findings of his investigation into the Grok chatbot’s AI-powered image-generation tool."
https://t.co/RJSO2DwJJl
Elon Musk’s Grok AI violated Canada’s privacy laws and, at one point, was generating more than 6,000 sexual deepfakes every hour, according to Canada’s privacy commissioner.
@kuriharan@AJEnglish "Privacy Commissioner Philippe Dufresne holds a news conference on Parliament Hill to discuss the findings of his investigation into the Grok chatbot’s AI-powered image-generation tool."
https://t.co/RJSO2DwJJl
The Showdown
In March, the Paris prosecutor’s office alerted the U.S. Department of Justice and the Securities and Exchange Commission, “that the controversy surrounding sexually explicit deepfakes generated by Grok may have been deliberately orchestrated to artificially boost the value of the companies X and xAI — potentially constituting criminal offenses.”
Musk and Yaccarino, by not showing up for the interviews, are likely betting on cover from the White House, but the French — beginning with the arrest of Telegram’s Pavel Durov — are making it clear that platform owners do not have total immunity from the crimes committed on their sites.
During the X office raid in February, cybercrime investigators seized information on how the X algorithm is manipulated specially on French soil.
They are investigating whether the platform’s “For You” feed amplifies disinformation during specific political cycles.
The DOJ reportedly sent a letter to Paris prosecutors accusing the investigation of being politically charged and attempting to “wrongfully regulate” a US company.
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“Elon Musk’s failure to appear in court in France has not delayed the investigation. The Paris public prosecutor’s office confirmed on Thursday, 7 May, that on 6 May it had launched a criminal investigation into the parent company of social media platform X, its owner, Musk, and its former CEO, Linda Yaccarino. This came two weeks after Musk failed to appear for a voluntary interview on 20 April.
Around 10 directors of the US company were also summoned.
In a statement issued on Thursday evening, the Paris public prosecutor’s office announced that it had asked investigating judges to bring charges against https://t.co/U5BNuE7TJN Holdings Corp, X Corp and X AI, as well as Musk and Yaccarino, “by summoning them for this purpose and gathering their comments or, in the event of failure to comply with this request, issuing a warrant equivalent to an indictment”. It added: “It is emphasised once again that this procedure (...) is intended to uphold the law and protect those who have been the victims of crimes”.
In Europe, the principle applies: ‘The law as we understand it’.
@drhossamsamy65 "Privacy Commissioner Philippe Dufresne holds a news conference on Parliament Hill to discuss the findings of his investigation into the Grok chatbot’s AI-powered image-generation tool."
https://t.co/RJSO2DwJJl
NEW: French prosecutors are seeking criminal charges against Elon Musk for child sexual abuse images on the platform, deepfakes, disinformation, and complicity in denying crimes against humanity by the platform's AI system, Grok.
https://t.co/zB6mObrwDp…
Des guides de contournement circulent pourtant publiquement, et dans son document déposé auprès de la SEC en vue de son introduction en bourse, SpaceX a chiffré à plus de 460 millions d'euros les risques juridiques liés à Grok. https://t.co/Fn23UF8eFK
@ChanPerco "Privacy Commissioner Philippe Dufresne holds a news conference on Parliament Hill to discuss the findings of his investigation into the Grok chatbot’s AI-powered image-generation tool."
https://t.co/RJSO2DwJJl
Elon Musk snubbed a summons by French prosecutors investigating how AI chatbot Grok was allowed to spew out sexually explicit deepfakes and Holocaust-denying content, according to AFP https://t.co/HTnQ6Yj96x
@montezumachavez "Privacy Commissioner Philippe Dufresne holds a news conference on Parliament Hill to discuss the findings of his investigation into the Grok chatbot’s AI-powered image-generation tool."
https://t.co/RJSO2DwJJl