Charlie Munger said this on camera, weeks before he died: "I don't regard Elon Musk as truly rich, because I don't think it's sure that everything he's working on can work."
Then he went further. "I would not invest in Elon Musk myself."
Munger's reasoning wasn't about Tesla's product or Musk's talent. It was about pattern.
"He's used leverage so much that he's doubled down right to the edge of extinction maybe two or three times." Asked how many times Musk had walked that edge without falling in, Munger's answer: "he's done it three times. Maybe he's got six more."
This is coming from a man who spent six decades building Berkshire on the opposite principle. Munger and Buffett deliberately took smaller stakes than they could have afforded, using less leverage than was available, specifically so a bad stretch would never wipe out the people who trusted them.
Munger used the phrase "two hard pile" for things he'd rather not spend time thinking about, things he can't fix himself. He used it earlier in the same conversation for the risk of nuclear war. Elon Musk went in the same pile.
"I never met with him," he said. "As far as I'm concerned, he doesn't exist."
Charlie Munger, on the man who built one of his best investments: "God, this is a horrible idea."
He didn't stop there. "Who in the hell has ever succeeded in creating a new auto company in competition with older companies like Toyota and Mercedes, people who really know a lot about autos and have a big lead."
Munger wasn't wrong about the odds. He was applying the same rule he preached for sixty years: stay inside your circle of competence, respect an incumbent's moat, don't gamble on industries where giants already own the ground.
Wang Chuanfu ignored every part of that advice. He bought a bankrupt auto plant and built BYD anyway.
BYD sold 4.6 million vehicles in 2025. It passed Ford. It's closing in on Tesla.
Here's the part Munger never smoothed over: the same investor who built Berkshire on discipline and staying in his lane profited most from the one founder who broke every rule he lived by.
"That's what geniuses do. They don't listen."
Fair points on both counts — Buffett benefiting from pipeline capacity constraints isn't clean, and Musk's federal money is mostly earned through delivered contracts, not subsidy for existence. Worth conceding that.
But the distinction I'd draw isn't about who took government money - it's about risk of ruin. BNSF profiting from tank-car volume never put Berkshire's solvency on the table; worst case, that revenue stream shrinks. Munger's actual complaint about Musk was leverage stacked to where the company itself could go to zero in a bad year - Tesla and SpaceX have both been genuinely close to bankruptcy, by Musk's own telling. Berkshire never was, in 60 years.
Owning a cash-flow monopoly and betting the company on an unproven one aren't the same category of risk, even if neither is "principled" in some pure sense.
Charlie Munger said this on camera, weeks before he died: "I don't regard Elon Musk as truly rich, because I don't think it's sure that everything he's working on can work."
Then he went further. "I would not invest in Elon Musk myself."
Munger's reasoning wasn't about Tesla's product or Musk's talent. It was about pattern.
"He's used leverage so much that he's doubled down right to the edge of extinction maybe two or three times." Asked how many times Musk had walked that edge without falling in, Munger's answer: "he's done it three times. Maybe he's got six more."
This is coming from a man who spent six decades building Berkshire on the opposite principle. Munger and Buffett deliberately took smaller stakes than they could have afforded, using less leverage than was available, specifically so a bad stretch would never wipe out the people who trusted them.
Munger used the phrase "two hard pile" for things he'd rather not spend time thinking about, things he can't fix himself. He used it earlier in the same conversation for the risk of nuclear war. Elon Musk went in the same pile.
"I never met with him," he said. "As far as I'm concerned, he doesn't exist."
@mmoklaaa Right - Musk optimizes for velocity, Munger optimized for time in the game. Berkshire compounded for 60 years precisely because it never let one bad year end the run. Different games, different scoreboards.
@Pixel_Neuron That's the whole bet. Doubling down works right up until the sample size runs out - and leverage doesn't ask permission about when your unlucky year shows up.
@kaienphase Exactly. Berkshire's $160B cash pile isn't sitting idle by accident - Munger and Buffett could've compounded faster with more leverage. They chose slower and survivable. Net worth you can lose in one bad cycle was never the point.
@Emberxbt That's the actual mechanism behind Berkshire's insurance float. Ajit Jain didn't hedge bad risk - he just declined to write it. The discipline was never in the pricing model. It was in saying no.
Charlie Munger said this on camera, weeks before he died: "I don't regard Elon Musk as truly rich, because I don't think it's sure that everything he's working on can work."
Then he went further. "I would not invest in Elon Musk myself."
Munger's reasoning wasn't about Tesla's product or Musk's talent. It was about pattern.
"He's used leverage so much that he's doubled down right to the edge of extinction maybe two or three times." Asked how many times Musk had walked that edge without falling in, Munger's answer: "he's done it three times. Maybe he's got six more."
This is coming from a man who spent six decades building Berkshire on the opposite principle. Munger and Buffett deliberately took smaller stakes than they could have afforded, using less leverage than was available, specifically so a bad stretch would never wipe out the people who trusted them.
Munger used the phrase "two hard pile" for things he'd rather not spend time thinking about, things he can't fix himself. He used it earlier in the same conversation for the risk of nuclear war. Elon Musk went in the same pile.
"I never met with him," he said. "As far as I'm concerned, he doesn't exist."
@DarioCpx Front-month put OI is 421K vs 251K calls - that's the real skew, not the market-wide, 1.17 ratio.Worth watching if that unwinds cleanly after expiry or drags with it. 2:30pm EST is the tell.
Warren Buffett literally explained why his biggest financial losses were never bad decisions. It is not the stocks that crashed. It is not the deals that went wrong. It is the ones he understood and simply did not buy.
He calls them mistakes of omission, not commission.
Twenty years before this talk, Fannie Mae was in trouble. Buffett understood the business inside out. It sat squarely in his circle of competence.
He could have bought the whole company for practically nothing.
He did not do it. He was, in his words, "sucking my thumb."
That single hesitation cost Berkshire at least $5 billion. Under conventional accounting, a loss like that never even shows up on paper.
Compare that to Microsoft. Buffett never touched that stock either, and he does not lose sleep over it. Microsoft was never inside his circle. Missing it cost him nothing, because there was never anything to seize.
The difference is not talent or research. It is the gap between knowing something and acting on it.
He has a rule for that gap. Imagine a punch card with only 20 punches for your entire investing life. Every decision costs one. You would think hard before spending it, and you would stop dabbling in things you barely understand.
His full talk on this is free online. Almost nobody finishes it.
Warren Buffett literally explained why his biggest financial losses were never bad decisions. It is not the stocks that crashed. It is not the deals that went wrong. It is the ones he understood and simply did not buy.
He calls them mistakes of omission, not commission.
Twenty years before this talk, Fannie Mae was in trouble. Buffett understood the business inside out. It sat squarely in his circle of competence.
He could have bought the whole company for practically nothing.
He did not do it. He was, in his words, "sucking my thumb."
That single hesitation cost Berkshire at least $5 billion. Under conventional accounting, a loss like that never even shows up on paper.
Compare that to Microsoft. Buffett never touched that stock either, and he does not lose sleep over it. Microsoft was never inside his circle. Missing it cost him nothing, because there was never anything to seize.
The difference is not talent or research. It is the gap between knowing something and acting on it.
He has a rule for that gap. Imagine a punch card with only 20 punches for your entire investing life. Every decision costs one. You would think hard before spending it, and you would stop dabbling in things you barely understand.
His full talk on this is free online. Almost nobody finishes it.
Warren Buffett literally explained why he bought back $233 million of his own stock in December 2018. It was not a market call. It was not a hunch about the bottom. It was math done in real time while everyone else panicked.
Berkshire sat on over $100 billion in cash going into that month. Stocks were falling fast. Between December 13th and 24th, Buffett quietly repurchased $233 million in Berkshire shares.
That window landed almost exactly at the market bottom.
He did not know that when he was buying.
"If I knew it, that's not a big purchase for us," he said. The number was small by Berkshire standards. What mattered was the rule behind it.
Berkshire only buys back stock when Buffett and Charlie Munger believe the price sits below intrinsic value. Not a price target. Not a technical level. A number they calculate themselves, quietly, without announcing it.
Here's the twist. Buffett said the real opportunity shows up when a stock trades at 60 or 70 cents on the dollar, and that only happens periodically. December 2018 barely qualified. He called it more like a warm up for 2009, not the real thing.
Most investors wait for a headline to tell them it is safe to buy. Buffett waits for a number.
The gap between those two habits is where fortunes get made and lost.
His full interview on this is free online. Almost nobody finishes it.
Warren Buffett literally explained why he bought back $233 million of his own stock in December 2018. It was not a market call. It was not a hunch about the bottom. It was math done in real time while everyone else panicked.
Berkshire sat on over $100 billion in cash going into that month. Stocks were falling fast. Between December 13th and 24th, Buffett quietly repurchased $233 million in Berkshire shares.
That window landed almost exactly at the market bottom.
He did not know that when he was buying.
"If I knew it, that's not a big purchase for us," he said. The number was small by Berkshire standards. What mattered was the rule behind it.
Berkshire only buys back stock when Buffett and Charlie Munger believe the price sits below intrinsic value. Not a price target. Not a technical level. A number they calculate themselves, quietly, without announcing it.
Here's the twist. Buffett said the real opportunity shows up when a stock trades at 60 or 70 cents on the dollar, and that only happens periodically. December 2018 barely qualified. He called it more like a warm up for 2009, not the real thing.
Most investors wait for a headline to tell them it is safe to buy. Buffett waits for a number.
The gap between those two habits is where fortunes get made and lost.
His full interview on this is free online. Almost nobody finishes it.
Warren Buffett has owned Dairy Queen for 29 years. Last week he worked a shift behind the counter, and 12 million people watched him struggle with the soft-serve machine.
He's 95. He walked in with Bill Gates. Both wore red aprons. Both had the wrong name tags on. A teenage cashier had to show him how to swirl a cone.
Berkshire bought International Dairy Queen in 1997 for $585 million. Buffett's entire explanation for the deal fit in one sentence: "Who better than some guy that loves the product? And we made a deal and we lived happily ever after."
Twenty-two words. That's the whole framework.
Compare that to how capital actually gets allocated today. Private equity runs hundred-page LBO models before touching a deal. Hedge fund CIOs allocate to strategies whose underlying customers they've never spoken to. Quant funds hold five thousand tickers across products none of the portfolio managers have ever used.
Buffett bought a soft-serve chain because he'd been eating there since he was a kid.
That single test - who better than someone who actually loves the product - has arguably driven more of Berkshire's 29 years of compounding than any deal committee or McKinsey slide ever could.
Retail investors buy NVIDIA at 60x earnings without owning a GPU. Family offices fund biotech managers who haven't been in a lab since grad school. Most people who own equities haven't walked into a location run by one of their portfolio companies in the last quarter.
Buffett bought Dairy Queen. Twenty-nine years later, he was still working the register.
The framework costs nothing. Actually living it - buying what you'd use anyway, and staying in long enough to eventually work the counter yourself - is the entire edge.
Warren Buffett has owned Dairy Queen for 29 years. Last week he worked a shift behind the counter, and 12 million people watched him struggle with the soft-serve machine.
He's 95. He walked in with Bill Gates. Both wore red aprons. Both had the wrong name tags on. A teenage cashier had to show him how to swirl a cone.
Berkshire bought International Dairy Queen in 1997 for $585 million. Buffett's entire explanation for the deal fit in one sentence: "Who better than some guy that loves the product? And we made a deal and we lived happily ever after."
Twenty-two words. That's the whole framework.
Compare that to how capital actually gets allocated today. Private equity runs hundred-page LBO models before touching a deal. Hedge fund CIOs allocate to strategies whose underlying customers they've never spoken to. Quant funds hold five thousand tickers across products none of the portfolio managers have ever used.
Buffett bought a soft-serve chain because he'd been eating there since he was a kid.
That single test - who better than someone who actually loves the product - has arguably driven more of Berkshire's 29 years of compounding than any deal committee or McKinsey slide ever could.
Retail investors buy NVIDIA at 60x earnings without owning a GPU. Family offices fund biotech managers who haven't been in a lab since grad school. Most people who own equities haven't walked into a location run by one of their portfolio companies in the last quarter.
Buffett bought Dairy Queen. Twenty-nine years later, he was still working the register.
The framework costs nothing. Actually living it - buying what you'd use anyway, and staying in long enough to eventually work the counter yourself - is the entire edge.