Sort of interesting that so much of the rest of the country is dealing with smoke from fires in Canada while the air in California is currently smoke free.
Back in 2018 some researchers from UC Berkeley published a comprehensive study for three time periods from 1967 to 2015 on the causes of fire in California on different types of managed land. This was the study: https://t.co/vTiGLhEIZ4 Starrs, C. F et al 2018. The impact of land ownership, firefighting, and reserve status on fire probability in California.
To the researchers "surprise" they noted "...was the relatively minor effect of climate variables (average maximum temperature, average annual precipitation, and average annual top soil moisture content by volume) compared to ownership, firefighting and reserve status...." Furthermore, if climate change were the main driver, then all land irrespective of management, would have been equally impacted. That wasn't what they observed. Federal ownership of land had over a 4.5 time increase of fire probability than a degree Celsius increase of temperature.
So what does this mean? How forest and chaparral land is and was managed, especially in regards to allowing fuel loads to accumulate has been the primary driver of fires in California. Prior suppression policies, not enough prescribed burns, and non thinning of forests (especially of dead trees) has increased the amount of fuel to burn. Some areas of California's forest are 5 to 8 times denser to what they were than when indigenous people managed the land. One of indigenous nation people's tools for management was prescribed burning for a variety of reasons as noted in Kat Anderson's book, Tending the Wild: Native American knowledge and the management of natural resources. https://t.co/bDFY6O9UDp These prescribed burns kept biomass from accumulating, so when fires did occur, those fires didn't burn out of control. Prescribed burns were also used to control plant succession.
At a conference back in 2018, I spoke with one of the authors of this paper from Berkeley, Dr. Van Bustic, who said the Federal government went from one extreme to another of thinning out too much forest to now not thinning out enough or any forest. He concurred with my comment that what Trump said during the fall of 2017 about management wasn't entirely wrong. Though, we also concurred, that the real irony of Trump's comments were that Federal land, as spelled out by his team's paper, was the worst managed land in California. Note on state land, Gov. Brown and now Gov. Newsom have allocated a lot more money to thin out trees and clear fuel loads. But it's only a small portion of the land, and California is a patchwork quilt of privately held, state , tribal and federal land.
But when you listen to many climate scientists, politicians, and "experts" who have never lived in a fire ecosystem, California and other wild fires from their perspective seem only to be due to rising temperatures and droughts brought about by climate change. So per this mindset, droughts and fires are brought about solely by rising trace gas levels. Soil, land and forest management don't really seem to be part of their thinking and or dialogue because they don't understand any of the actual dynamics.
Attached is a video of detailing another good way to deal with excess fine fuels, especially those that ladder, and that's grazing with ruminants (goats, sheep and cattle). This helps to keep carbon sequestered in plants and the soil as well as reducing the CH4, CO and CO2 released during fires. Plus remember the CO uses up hydroxyl radicals as I noted in this prior blog https://t.co/qLHx0JTTkp
@GHGGuru@DefendingBeef@SBakerMD
I know winter tires aren’t cheap and I know they aren’t easy to store. If you drive anywhere in Canada at all in the winter, you should have winter tires.
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In Singapore, during recess, all kids over a BMI of 110% government healthy body range must join TAF Club. Trim and Fit. Singapore obesity rate is <9% of adults compared to >40% of Americans.
" I'm done with COVID" is short for: "Continuing draconian restrictions at this moment is inflicting far more damage on vulnerable populations (especially kids) than benefit, and I will no longer participate in your inability to consider trade-offs"
🧵
Following England's lead, Scotland are ending most of their Covid-1984 restrictions next week. 🏴
But keep pushing until 100% normalcy is returned.
Every nation. Every city. It's time to end this. It's BEEN time.