Ning

🍠🧅🥕

[岛 @Ni_luvya]

昨天看完了OpenAI 工程师翁家笠 @Trinkle23897 的访谈，给我最大的感受就是他求知欲旺盛、学习能力很强。

他在 2022 年加入 OpenAI，并且是 OpenAI 一系列核心模型背后的核心贡献者之一，从 GPT-3.5、GPT-4、再到 GPT-5，你能看到的那些关键跃迁里，都有他的身影。他最主要的贡献，是以下三个词：强化学习、post-training、infra。

我在他的个人网站里搜到的经历见图一，下面是看完整期播客的一些感受：

🍃一、求知欲强且找到了自己的学习方法：

发现自己需要更长的时间构建知识树，需要比常人花2-3倍时间去理解context和底层逻辑。

他的学习的兴趣从何而来？他认为这是对自己的投资、对未来的投资。

并且在学习的过程中他会通过正反向筛选来构建自己的技能树：
1. 正向筛选就是他很早就发现自己喜欢奥数，并且持续投入能获得比别人更快的成就。
2. 同时会果断放弃投入比产出低的，例如打篮球，经常被别人按着打；例如跆拳道，实战会被揍；对语文不感兴趣等等。

虽然学得慢，但他找到了适合自己的学习方式：
1. iPad的Safari没有代码编辑器，他用iPad裸打代码，其实是完全不必要的，不过这种方式强迫他在大脑中构建程序逻辑，训练他的思考和反应能力。
2. 学得慢就提前学。比如初二学完高中数学，初三开始学微积分。
3. GPA不重要，短时间达到够用的成绩就行，不浪费时间。学对自己重要的东西。

🍃二、构建自己的评价体系：
当他意识到清华内部大家都认为GPA越高越好、PhD远比Master好，并为之奋斗的时候，他认为自己的目标是找工作，GPA选择在最少时间达到够用的成绩就行，重点在于在行业里积累经验。

他认同自己导师的评价指标：论文、比赛、三位数以上的GitHub Star

在清华期间开源自己搜集的所有作业和材料，打破信息差。因为他认为有些人不擅长搜索，但很有能力，不必要浪费时间在这上面。

他希望获得认可，如Github的star数，如最大化自己在OpenAI blog上出现名字的次数，只要他在RL，每个大模型发blog都尽可能能带上名字，从而实现生产力的scale up ，让自己的工作量转化为所有核心产品的贡献。

🍃三、在人生节点，他是如何做决策的：

1. 为什么不读PhD：前面提到的，跟之前提到他的价值体系有关，认为自己要进入工业界而不是学术界，“教一个researcher做好enginerring, 要远比教一个engineer如何做好research难得多”，因此他就不需要PhD来浪费生命，更看重Infra.

2. 在ChatGPT爆发前，为什么手握OpenAI、幻方、谷歌、英伟达的offer，选择了OpenAI: 不想进谷歌，不愿意当螺丝钉，他想进人才密度最高的地方，当时到幻方做RL infra是备选。

🍃四、主播也很会提问题，例如大家都在吐槽OpenAI已经不open了，翁家笠他也曾经一直在做开源相关的事情，这不冲突吗？

对于OpenAI 这样的大模型公司来说生死线是infra迭代的时间。现阶段不进行闭源就无法持续融资，解决算力成本和实验开销，从而推动技术。

他说其实John Schulman曾经问过是否将RL Infra开源，但为了公司竞争力和安全性，还是拒绝了。也就是现阶段他调整了个人优先级，尽管曾通过开源天授、退学Online签证查询系统来打破信息差，但认同现阶段顶尖模型公司需要通过闭源来做博弈。

如果未来创业，他大概会选择产品方向。因为他认为技术的复杂程度不重要，能精准抓到用户需求才重要。退学Online在早期甚至是手动更新，但解决了他们的燃眉之急（他做过的项目介绍见图二）。他自己对纯研究、发论文没什么兴趣，更喜欢有多少人记得、使用他做的东西。

🍃五、主播问到：”如果AI能解决一个世界难题，他希望解决什么？““如何预测未来” 由此展开了宿命论的探讨

他认为这个世界是个确定论，人的命运是可以被预测的，我们生活在一个确定性的马尔可夫过程里（播客对我这种小白来说很友好，专业术语都有解释，如果你也需要可以看图三、图四）需要提前生成剧本。

他甚至认为，人是没有自由意志的，大脑里在想什么，对话中下一个单词说什么、问什么问题都是宇宙大爆炸的那一刻就确定了。

主持人真的很会提问！下一个问题是如果是宿命论那为什么他要投资未来：
1. 未来的我帮助过去的我，完成某些决策。所以要投资自己，投资未来 例如他自己在高三蹦出的“要创造影响力”的想法，是未来的他给过去的自己发送的信息
2. 秉持宿命论，他的生存策略不是等待一切线性结果的到来，而是忘掉这一切，假装不知道，然后尽情享受人生体验。坚信西西弗斯是幸福的，活着是在确定性的循环里寻找当下的意义。

原播客不太长，只有2小时。地址：https://t.co/HbQb0I7gcB

[Jason Fried @jasonfried]

Gaudí is undefeated.

[𝗞𝗶𝘁𝗮𝗽 𝗗𝗼𝘀𝘁𝘂 @kitapp_dostu]

Books are the quietest and most constant of friends; they are the most accessible and wisest of counselors.

[World of Statistics @stats_feed]

🌍 Top 10 contributors to global real GDP growth (2026)

1．🇨🇳 China — 26.6%
2．🇮🇳 India — 17.0%
3．🇺🇸 United States — 9.9%
4．🇮🇩 Indonesia — 3.8%
5．🇹🇷 Türkiye — 2.2%
6．🇳🇬 Nigeria — 1.5%
7．🇧🇷 Brazil — 1.5%
8．🇻🇳 Vietnam — 1.6%
9．🇸🇦 Saudi Arabia — 1.7%
10．🇩🇪 Germany — 0.9%

📌 China + India alone = 43.6% of global growth
📌 Asia-Pacific accounts for ~50% of total growth

Source: IMF

[Ning @Ning68166]

@ShanghaoJin @jDKau6WkQo93019 金老师，aapl 财报您怎么看？

[Boring_Business @BoringBiz_]

These are the biggest regrets of people on their deathbeds

Live life accordingly

[The Kobeissi Letter @KobeissiLetter]

BREAKING: Silver prices officially rise above $100/oz for the first time in history, now up +40% in 2026.

We have all witnessed history today.

[Kyle @zeroxkyle]

i think if you're a young, ambitious person, the most important thing to do right now is realise that the old ways do not work. what you're watching right now is old, antiquated, bureaucratic, slow moving structures coming to a clash with a faster than ever moving reality

we are now in an age where skills are prioritised over anything, and the old path of education -> good job has been dead for quite a while. education was always a means to an end, a stamp of approval for abilities. but with degree inflation & AI, these things are quickly becoming worthless

you can just do things is now the signal for capability - the world will always prioritise people who take action. ultimately the people who recognise this are, as usual, the ones on the fringest who move fastes and aren't bogged down with unnecessary friction - startups, small companies, and capital managers.

[雪柔 @xu96175836]

人类高质量父亲的教育方式，被治愈过的童年原来是如此幸福。

[Will @WClemente]

Meanwhile

[Boring_Business @BoringBiz_]

Steve Jobs criticizing consultants in a 1992 lecture to an MIT Sloan MBA class

Worth a listen

"I think that without owning something over an extended period of time, like a few years, where one has a chance to take responsibility for one's recommendations, and where one has to see one's recommendations through all action stages and accumulate scar tissues for the mistakes, and pick oneself up off the ground and dust themselves off, one learns a fraction of what one can."

[World of Statistics @stats_feed]

China now generates 40% more electricity than the US and EU combined.

[Anduril Appreciator @A1Anduril]

Anduril Founder @PalmerLuckey on China’s Critical Threat Against the U.S. Military:

“They’re building weapons that are sometimes better than ours, for a tenth of the price, and 100x the scale.”

“The real power of the Chinese military is their ability to manufacture… unfortunately, right now they are very much on the right side of the equation.”

“Anti-ship missiles are a huge concern… it’s very hard to defend against them. Even if you can defend against one, can you defend against 10? Can you defend against 100?”

“When our aircraft carriers cost billions of dollars, you can justify throwing a lot of missiles at it and it still makes sense, from China’s perspective.”

“I don’t think China’s gonna go for a Pearl Harbor. But what they probably could do is deny the U.S. Navy the ability to operate in any area that they make a priority… if [China] makes enough hypersonic anti-ship missiles.”

“What happens is, not the destruction of the U.S. Navy, but the neutering of the U.S. Navy. We realize we can’t actually use [our ships], so they sit somewhere else, watching Taiwan get invaded.”

“The United States has a lot of missiles that are excellent… but we don’t make enough of them.”

“This is the Anduril mission problem… how do we do these things cheaper, better, and faster?”

“This is why [Anduril] is investing in building missiles and missile systems. We need something like 100x more capacity than we currently have.”

Rebuild The Arsenal. 🇺🇸

[Pavel Durov @durov]

This year, I wish you less — less information, less food, less entertainment, less communication, less stimulation. You already have too much of all that, and it stands in the way of your serenity, health, sleep, and creativity. Merry Christmas! ☦️

[Hunter Beast 🕯️ @cryptoquick]

The tragic reality of living in the machine intelligence age is that everything you read is a Turing test.

[jack @jack]

the act of creation is the only thing that justifies existence

[The Kobeissi Letter @KobeissiLetter]

This is historic:

Alphabet, $GOOGL, has accounted for 19.4% of the S&P 500's YTD gain, the most among any stock.

This comes as the company has added +$1.3 trillion in market cap this year.

Nvidia, $NVDA, has had the 2nd-largest impact at +16.0%, or +$1.05 trillion.

This is followed by Broadcom, $AVGO, and Microsoft, $MSFT, which delivered +$520 billion and +$380 billion, respectively.

As a result, the top 10 stocks have accounted for 59.4% of the S&P 500's YTD gain.

In other words, the remaining 490 stocks have accounted for just 40.6% of the S&P 500's rally.

Big tech is all that matters.

[Patrick OShaughnessy @patrick_oshag]

The best investors are like great spearfishermen.

"You drop down with no equipment and hold your breath. You let little fish go by because you're not there to hunt little fish. You're waiting for the big fish. It's an exercise in waiting."

Martín learned this from 3G Capital. They waited five years for the right deal, and closed it in a week. Then waited another decade to do their biggest deal with Anheuser-Busch.

"Every four or five years, there’s a once-in-a-generation opportunity and you have to be ready and willing to move quickly to capture it."

[Pavel Durov @durov]

I’m turning 41, but I don’t feel like celebrating.

Our generation is running out of time to save the free Internet built for us by our fathers.

What was once the promise of the free exchange of information is being turned into the ultimate tool of control.

Once-free countries are introducing dystopian measures such as digital IDs (UK), online age checks (Australia), and mass scanning of private messages (EU).

Germany is persecuting anyone who dares to criticize officials on the Internet. The UK is imprisoning thousands for their tweets. France is criminally investigating tech leaders who defend freedom and privacy.

A dark, dystopian world is approaching fast — while we’re asleep. Our generation risks going down in history as the last one that had freedoms — and allowed them to be taken away.

We’ve been fed a lie.

We’ve been made to believe that the greatest fight of our generation is to destroy everything our forefathers left us: tradition, privacy, sovereignty, the free market, and free speech.

By betraying the legacy of our ancestors, we’ve set ourselves on a path toward self-destruction — moral, intellectual, economic, and ultimately biological.

So no, I’m not going to celebrate today. I’m running out of time. WE are running out of time.