Nitro Saied2

[B Wruble @WrubleB]

•The X post features a Ubaid culture clay figurine from ancient Mesopotamia around 6000 years ago, excavated at Ur by Leonard Woolley, depicting a woman nursing a child with elongated heads, almond-shaped eyes, and painted body markings.
•The Ubaid period (5500-3800 BC) predates the Sumerians in southern Iraq, with these stylized female figures commonly found at sites like Eridu and Ur, often interpreted as possible mother goddesses or ritual objects.
•Scholars remain uncertain about their precise purpose, with the “reptilian” appearance resulting from artistic conventions rather than literal depiction, though they continue to fuel discussions on prehistoric symbolism and cultural practices.

[Albert Brochier 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 @Albrochier]

England vs Argentina is the big one.

It is not just about the Falklands (but is partly), it's that Argentina are dirty, cheating bastards and always have been.

They are arrogant, sneaky and all round terrible people.

Time to send them home.

[Sasi @Sasidhar69]

@AnanthOnTrack @scarysouthpaw Plz write about Achanta Lakshmipathi who did a lot for Ayurveda college in Chennai also mentor for Yellapragada Subba Rao garu.
Also, Padit Deevi Gopalacharyulu (1872-1920) who did the best for Ayurveda, also mentor for Achanta Lakshmipathi garu.

[Ananth Rupanagudi @AnanthOnTrack]

An Indian scientist at Harvard discovered ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate). Then he helped create the first chemotherapy drug and the first tetracycline antibiotic. Harvard still refused him tenure. A bowling alley would not let him bowl. He died at 53, without an obituary.

His medicines save tens of millions of lives every year. Most American doctors who prescribe them have no idea what his name was. His name was Yellapragada Subbarow (Subba Rao).

He was born in 1895 in Bhimavaram, India. His father was a Sanskrit scholar who died from tropical sprue. Tropical sprue is an acquired malabsorptive disorder found in tropical regions, characterized by chronic diarrhea, weight loss, and severe nutritional deficiencies. It is most commonly associated with deficiencies in vitamin B12 and folic acid, resulting in anemia, fatigue, and glossitis. The same disease killed two of his brothers. As a child, Subbarow watched them fade away and decided he would spend his life fighting disease.

He failed his school exams twice. Passed on the third attempt. His future father-in-law paid for his medical school books. Subbarow married his daughter and repaid the debt. In October 1922, he arrived in Boston with borrowed money and broken English. He was 27. He entered Harvard Medical School and joined the biochemistry PhD program.

He began working under a senior researcher named Cyrus Fiske. Long hours. Little pay. But he was at Harvard, and he did not care. In 1925, they developed the Fiske-SubbaRow assay, a method for measuring phosphorus in body fluids. It is still used today in kidney failure testing, vitamin D testing, and prostate cancer work. It became one of the most cited methods in biochemistry history.

Then they found something even bigger in 1926 - ATP - Adenosine triphosphate. The energy molecule that powers every cell in every living thing on Earth. That discovery changed biochemistry. It also proved that the 1922 Nobel laureate had been wrong about how muscles worked. Muscles did not run on glycogen. They ran on ATP.

Subbarow earned his PhD in 1930. He stayed at Harvard for another decade. Paper after paper. Discovery after discovery. And every year, Harvard refused to promote him. The biochemistry department had never given tenure to a foreigner. They were not going to begin with an Indian.

His colleagues took him fishing. Played tennis with him. Came to dinner at his home. Then voted against him year after year. Outside the laboratory, he met the same wall. He bought an airplane and learned to fly because he loved flying. Once, he tried to go bowling. The local alley refused him entry. The sign said it was “open only to the Caucasian race.”

Then Fiske turned against him. The senior researcher began blocking Subbarow’s discoveries out of jealousy. Some of Subbarow’s work had to be rediscovered years later by other scientists because Fiske kept his findings hidden.

May 1940. Harvard denied him tenure for the last time. After 17 years of groundbreaking work, he walked away. Lederle Laboratories in New York hired him as Associate Director of Research. By the end of the year, he was Director. In the next eight years, he changed medicine. He developed diethylcarbamazine, an oral medicine that killed the tropical worms crippling American soldiers in the Pacific. The World Health Organization still uses it.

He isolated folic acid from liver and worked out how to produce it on a large scale. Today, folic acid in pregnancy prevents birth defects in tens of millions of pregnancies every year. The same family of diseases that killed his father and brothers became preventable because of him.

Then Dr. Sidney Farber called from Boston with an idea: maybe a drug that blocked folic acid in cancer cells could kill childhood leukemia. Subbarow’s team created the drug. They called it Aminopterin. In December 1947, Farber gave it to an eight-year-old boy dying from leukemia. Within weeks, the cancer cells began to disappear.

It was the first chemotherapy drug in history. The first time anyone had put cancer into remission using a pill. Subbarow’s team later refined it into Amethopterin, now known as methotrexate. It became a gold standard treatment for leukemia, lymphoma, breast cancer, and lung cancer. Then rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and Crohn’s disease. The World Health Organization lists it as an essential medicine. Tens of millions of people use it every year.

In 1948, his lab produced Aureomycin. The first tetracycline antibiotic - a broad-spectrum one that killed typhus, cholera, pneumonia, and many bacteria that penicillin could not touch. It opened the door to the whole tetracycline family: doxycycline, minocycline, and drugs still used today against plague, malaria, anthrax, and drug-resistant infections.

He was 53 years old. He had created medicines that would save tens of millions of lives. August 8, 1948. Yellapragada Subbarow suffered a heart attack at his home in New York and died. No American newspaper gave him a front-page obituary. No university held a memorial. The Nobel Committee never honoured him. His own colleague George Hitchings later won a 1988 Nobel Prize for work built directly on Subbarow’s foundation. Subbarow was not even nominated.

In 1950, Argosy magazine published a feature about him titled “Miracle Man of the Miracle Drugs.” It began with a line that still hits hard. “You’ve probably never heard of Dr. Yellapragada Subbarow. Yet because he lived, you may be alive and are well today. Because he lived, you may live longer.”

Most Americans had not heard of him in 1950. Most still have not. Harvard has never officially honoured him. American medical schools mostly do not teach his name. The Nobel Committee that honoured Hitchings for work built on his foundation never corrected the record. Every methotrexate prescription written today remains silent about the man behind it.

India remembers. The government issued a postage stamp for his 100th birthday. His childhood home became a museum. Indian medical schools teach his name. But the country that denied him tenure, refused to let him bowl, and allowed him to die unknown - the same country that uses his drugs every day - still mostly does not know him.

Here is the truth. If someone you know has ever taken methotrexate for cancer or an autoimmune disease. If someone you love has taken folic acid during pregnancy. If you have ever been prescribed doxycycline for an infection. That was him. Yellapragada Subbarow. Born 1895. Died 1948. Saved tens of millions of lives, while a country he loved barely knows what it owes him.

Please remember his name and let your near and dear know about this little-known scientific legend born on this soil but never got the true recognition that he deserved. A story you need to know. A story all of us need to know. #Medicine #Unknownlegends @centerofright @KiranKS

[Slimfit @iSlimfit]

She didn’t lie at all 😂

[Nitro Saied2 @NitroSaied2]

@sanyayyyy Excellent thread

[Nitro Saied2 @NitroSaied2]

Amazing research

[Daniel Khan 🇺🇸 🇵🇰 @Beautifulday98X]

Only Pakistani Minorities have progressed Pakistan:

-Abdus Salam won the Nobel Prize in the sciences. He was an Ahmadiyya Muslim.

-Muhammad Ali Jinnah founder of Pakistan was a Twelver Shia.

-A.Q. Khan builder of Pakistan's nuclear weapons was an Indian from Bhopal.

-Władysław Turowicz Polish aeronautical engineer and pilot played a foundational role in establishing and modernizing the Pakistan Air Force (PAF).

-Major-General Walter (Bill) Cawthorne founded Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), it was established in 1948 by Australian-born British Army officer.

-Sir Victor Turner: A British-born Christian who stayed on after partition, he served as Pakistan's first Finance Secretary.

-B.K. Dass: A Hindu leader from East Bengal, he was one of the founding members of Pakistan's first Constituent Assembly and assisted in laying out legislative groundwork.

-Jogendra Nath Mandal: A prominent leader from the Hindu community, he served as the first Minister of Law and Labour of Pakistan.

[itsallgood @TSzolkowski]

@CensoredHumans The israel regime are a pack of ghouls. Absolute evil b*astards the lot of them.

[Esther K @estherckrakue]

My World Cup order of preference is
1. England 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿
2. France 🇫🇷
3. Spain 🇪🇸
4. Switzerland 🇨🇭
5. A meteor
6. Ebola
7. Argentina 🇦🇷

[Cipher | AI & Web3 @cipherr_exe]

What really happened in Argentina vs Switzerland match

[Naoki @LfcNaokii]

🚨🗣️ Cristiano Ronaldo:

“Some of these players when they turn 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 upwards, they’re fat and look unhealthy, no one can say same about me. I take care of my body….” 😭😭😭

[Nougat Hand Bank @WireRacing]

Lindsey Graham’s main Mossad handler gives a wistful sigh as he erases two terabytes of blackmail material

[Mrinal Pande @MrinalPande1]

I also wonder why the Moghuls stayed and from Akbar to Shahjahan helped their Hindu Generals Raja Man Sigh, his wife, Raja Todarmal and Jain bankers build temples from Braj to Gujarat instead of pocketing the alleged loot and scooting home like Ghazni, Ghor and Londonwallas ?

[Gloria Alfa y Omega @GlodeJo07]

Llevo 30 minutos riéndome de esto…

[Maitre Ruddy 💊 @pvnamera]

À chaque fois que je vois ce match, ça me dégoûte

[Nitro Saied2 @NitroSaied2]

@therealmissjo @FinancialXpress Norway have proven to be one of the most civilzed Nations on Earth, like Japan.

[Nitro Saied2 @NitroSaied2]

@Usmanoffical_56 So 90m boundaries are Kryptonite for Team India

[Usman @Usmanoffical_56]

🚨Nasser Hussain Take a dig at Shivam Dube dismissal and Indian Batters..!! 🥶

- "Bigger boundaries have taken toll on Indian batters. On many Indian grounds, it would have been Six. But not here in Southampton." 😂

[GustavoIbáñezPadilla @GustavoIPadilla]

🇪🇬 ▪️ El juez miró al hombre que había disparado contra el presidente egipcio Anwar el-Sadat y le preguntó con calma:
—¿Por qué lo mataste?
— Porque era seglar, respondió el asesino.
El juez frunció el ceño.
— ¿Qué significa “seglar”?
El hombre dudó un segundo.
— No lo sé.
…….
▪️ En otro juicio, el acusado había intentado asesinar al escritor Naguib Mahfouz.
— ¿Por qué lo apuñalaste?
—preguntó el juez.
— Porque escribió una novela contra la religión.
—¿La leíste?
— No.
…….
▪️ En una tercera sala, otro hombre enfrentaba cargos por asesinar al intelectual Farag Fouda.
—¿Por qué lo mataste?
— Porque no tenía fe.
—¿Cómo lo sabes?
— Está en sus libros.
— ¿En cuál?
Silencio.
— No lo sé. No los he leído.
— ¿Por qué no los leíste?
El hombre bajó la cabeza.
— No sé leer ni escribir.
…….
▫️ En los tres casos, el patrón era el mismo.
-Se mataba por ideas que no se entendían.
-Se condenaba por palabras que no se habían leído.
-Se odiaba por conceptos que no se sabían definir.
No era convicción. Era repetición.
No era fe. Era eco.
No era certeza. Era obediencia ciega.
La violencia no nació del pensamiento. Nació de la ausencia de él.
El odio no se propaga a través del conocimiento. Se propaga donde el conocimiento no llega. Y cada vez que una sociedad renuncia a educar no crea ignorantes, crea armas humanas que no saben por qué disparan, pero están dispuestas a hacerlo. Ese es el precio invisible de la ignorancia. Y siempre lo paga alguien que no hizo nada para merecerlo.
…….
Alaa Al Aswany
Escritor egipcio

[Sama Hoole @SamaHoole]

1918: they sold radioactive water as a health tonic. It was radium, and it dissolved men's jaws.

1898: they sold heroin as a children's cough syrup. It was heroin.

1863: they sold cocaine wine as a daily pick-me-up. Popes and presidents put their names to it.

1946: they sold cigarettes on a doctor's recommendation. Whole campaigns ran on which brand physicians preferred.

1960s: they sold margarine as the heart-healthy fat. It was loaded with the trans fat that actually stops hearts.

Every one of these came with an expert's blessing and total confidence.

The people telling you today which fat to fear are the institutional descendants of the ones who put radium in your water and a doctor's face on a cigarette packet.

"The experts recommend it" has a body count going back a century.