COVID19 Saliva Study

Looking at antibodies in saliva to to fight #COVID19. Study led by Michal Tal, PhD @ImmunoFever and Irv Weissman, M.D. at Stanford University

[COVID19 Saliva Study @SalivaStudy]

We present our first research findings on antibodies in the saliva after vaccination against #SARSCoV2. Note how high the levels of IgG are after 2 doses of mRNA vaccination!
https://t.co/lOtsQewhnc

[Michal Tal, PhD @ImmunoFever]

1/ Can intramuscular vaccination induce an immune response that protects against not only disease (#COVID19), but viral infection and transmission of #SARSCoV2 in the local mucosa? In a new preprint by @GeorgieNahass et al we found that saliva may be KEY🧵
https://t.co/UbqioHwFeh

[Nazanin Boniadi @NazaninBoniadi]

In absolute awe.
Their power is unstoppable.
#WomanLifeFreedom

[Daniela Witten @daniela_witten]

Ugh I should know better than to wade into the fray here, but I would MUCH rather have 4 grad students who are well paid and happy instead of 5 grad students who are paid 20% less and need to scrape together summer internships and extra TA jobs to afford their rent 1/3

[Dr Dale Whelehan @DrDaleford]

🙌 THE 4 DAY WORK WEEK HAS HIT IRELAND WITH ASTONISHING RESULTS. 🙌

The Irish Findings are as follows:
• 100% of the companies involved are continuing with the 4-Day work week ➡
• 85% of companies which reported data on revenue reported growth in revenue 📈 (1/X)

[Pheast Therapeutics @pheast_inc]

Congrats @AmiraBarkal for being for being listed by #ForbesUnder30! We are inspired by your vision in founding Pheast to harness the power of the innate immune system to fight #cancer.

Read more at @Forbes: https://t.co/lqOHBfEdr0

[Florian Krammer @florian_krammer]

YES! That's even better than BA.1!

[Florian Krammer @florian_krammer]

YES! That's even better than BA.1!

[Ardem Patapoutian @ardemp]

It is generally accepted that fat tissues “talk” to the brain via secreted hormones. Our amazing student @yuwang, co-mentored by @liye_tsri, discovered that somatosensory neurons innervating adipose tissue act as a break to counteract sympathetic activity. https://t.co/vEBKGnohVu

[Roberto Ricardo-Gonzalez @RobertoR3G]

Finally out @ImmunityCP! A raison d'etre for type 2 immunity in the skin! A labor of love and discovery, aided by many collaborators @UCSF @immunox @yalederm @PCMicrobiome. A more appropriate thread to follow, but in the meantime, check it out! https://t.co/1e2gF1g9yL

[Eric Feigl-Ding @DrEricDing]

Worrisome—New York state health officials have found indications of additional cases of #polio virus in wastewater samples from two different counties, leading NY to warn that hundreds of people may be infected with the potentially serious virus.
https://t.co/lq7odtqqaj

[Michal Tal, PhD @ImmunoFever]

A great piece by @apoorva_nyc about the importance of nasal vaccines. It was an honor to get to comment alongside @DrKrishnaElla @JenGommerman @VirusesImmunity @ImmunoFever and @florian_krammer. Here's hoping that we can expedite development to induce protective mucosal responses

[Michal Tal, PhD @ImmunoFever]

It was really fun getting to talk about nasal vaccines on the radio today with Peter Palese. Thanks @apoorva_nyc for the article that got everyone talking! And @VirusesImmunity,
@florian_krammer, @JenGommerman for research people are getting excited about!
https://t.co/UGzJLD0cET

[Erin C. Sanders, MSN, WHNP (She/Her) @ErinSandersNP]

This is such an excellent thread reviewing our data! H/T @michaelzlin! LOVE the annotated figures! 😍 #COVID19 #Covid_19

[Michael Lin, MD PhD 🧬 @michaelzlin]

15) So J&J elicits neutralizing antibodies in saliva lower than previous infection (undetectable neutralization in this study). They may be there though, as IgG can be detected.

RNA vax elicit neutralizing Abs in saliva, and these are both IgG and IgA.

Nice work by @ImmunoFever

[Michael Lin, MD PhD 🧬 @michaelzlin]

14) They were also able to detect a little bit of IgG in J&J saliva, but not IgA (asterisks mean statistically significant difference, ns means non-significant)

[Michael Lin, MD PhD 🧬 @michaelzlin]

13) So are the saliva antibodies seen in RNA IgA? Surprisingly there was both IgG and IgA. IgG isn't supposed to be there, but the authors speculate that high levels of IgG in the blood and interstitial tissues can leak out into mucous or saliva.

[Michael Lin, MD PhD 🧬 @michaelzlin]

12) A caveat is that saliva from RNA-vaccinated were collected using a different kit than from convalescent and J&J, so RNA neutralizing titers may not be compared directly with convalescent or J&J titers. But each can be compared to their similarly collected controls.

[Michael Lin, MD PhD 🧬 @michaelzlin]

11) Also, after vaccination by a RNA vaccine (Pfizer and Moderna samples grouped together for analysis, but split into 1-dose, 2-dose with low plasma abs, or 2-dose with high plasma abs) there is detectable neutralizing activity in saliva beyond non-vax controls.

[Michael Lin, MD PhD 🧬 @michaelzlin]

10) In contrast, in previously infected (convalescent) people, there was detectable neutralizing activity in saliva beyond control levels.

[Michael Lin, MD PhD 🧬 @michaelzlin]

9) Having established the neutralization assay works, they then looked at neutralization by saliva. Note there's some mild neutralization activity in saliva without vaccination. But 1 and 2 months after J&J vaccine, there's no detectable additional neutralizing activity in saliva