You are confused, alan. The TS & CS are two completely different coordinate frames and don't depend on each other in the least.
You don't need to merge them, you don't need 60nm/°, and neither one of them are "conceptual spheres (wtf is that?)". They stand alone as separate & independent coordinate frames — TS for lat/long on Earth, CS for the position of stars.
I can see how someone who didn't specialize in math could be confused by the coordinate transformations. In order to relate lat/long to ra/dec, the angles between the axes of the frames are needed, so that might look like "merging" to you, but the TS & CS do not depend on each other. They stand alone and independent as two different, well defined on their own with no dependency on the other, coordinate frames.
They can be related to each other, just as any coordinate system can be mapped into another.
And you say "fictitious positions of stars"??? wtf is that horseshit? There's nothing fictitious about stellar positions. We have the precision of bright stars down to microarcseconds and the rest to sub-milliarcsecond which includes aberration, parallax, and proper motion.
➡️The "fictitious observer" is your red herring.
➡️CS & TS are independent of one another.
➡️A coordinate transformation is required to relate positions in one frame to the other.
. 📚 A MASTER CLASS 📚
in flatearth timeline
debating techniques
14 words (pink) destroy flat earth.
So these are the FE “leaders” the rest of the flerfs appeal to as their authorities.
Faced with a clear, 14-word globe proof, their entire response is pure, fear-driven terror (yellow).
This is the best & brightest flerfs have.
Satellites exist. Anyone can understand this if they know how to find where two lines intersect.
Can any flerf figure out where these two lines
f(x) = 5x + 10
and
g(x) = x
intersect?
That's all that's required to find ISS altitude (it's a tiny bit more complicated in 3D, but the concept is just as easy) of 250 miles high.
Funny thing about you, @thatguym77, is there is nothing you can explain simply.
🔵 Your sunsets are confusing; messes of videos, lasers, hammocks, and bottles — I can explain sunsets in 14 words.
🔵You have no facts supporting that "lights in the sky" are unknowable — spectroscopy trivially identifies their composition.
🔵 gravity controls density sorting — yet your feeble attempts reference not one hypothesis, testable proposal, or repeatable observation
🔵 pressure, without a container, is measured in every star (including the Sun) in the sky
🔵 Venus's size & phase changes demonstrate heliocentrism for anyone with open eyes — you say … nothing
🔵 eclipses also demonstrate heliocentrism (for any who are awake) — your leader @did8hurtu posts "Eclipses explained" with videos talking about "snakes eating the Sun & Moon".
🔵 @FEManOfStone claims to have analytically solved the Earth-Moon-Sun 3-body gravitational problem — that's completely fucking batshit unhinged crazy
flerfism is a mental disorder brought about by religious idolatry.
cc: @ken_caudle
The atmosphere *is* the demonstration. Gravity plus the ideal gas law produces a pressure gradient with no lid required.
Hydrostatic equilibrium is dP/dz = −ρg. Combine that with PV=nRT and you get the barometric formula that every intro physics, thermo, and stat-mech book derives. That is why pressure falls with altitude, why altimeters and weather balloons work, and why gas giants and stars (including the Sun) have atmospheres.
A propane tank is a high-pressure *stored* gas far from gravitational equilibrium. It is not an analog for a gravitationally bound atmosphere. The open-air column we live in is.
.
🌈 SPECTROSCOPY 🌈
proves heliocentrism
Science understands and uses spectroscopy daily.
flat earthers know nothing about spectroscopy.
No one who understands spectroscopy is a flerf.
You can find thousands of citations/references to the peer-reviewed literature in "Theory of Stellar Atmospheres" (Ivan Hubeny & Dimitri Mihalas, Princeton University Press, 2014).
The book is widely described in reviews as the definitive, authoritative synthesis of quantitative spectroscopic analysis of stellar atmospheres—the physical foundations and computational methods for interpreting spectra (radiative transfer, non-LTE, line formation, model atmospheres, etc.).
The printed bibliography runs roughly pages 849–913 (~65 pages), and the complete associated reference list is stated to exceed 4,000 entries (with a fuller version hosted online).
No flat-Earther has ever identified a specific, reproducible error in the spectroscopic determination of the Sun’s elemental composition.
.
🧯GAS PRESSURE🧯
&
🌈 SPECTROSCOPY 🌈
Aww, poor flerfs — spectroscopy proves atmospheres exist.
No physical barrier is required to keep gas from escaping into the vacuum of space 😳