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PhD Students - Here is an example of a good introduction
A good introduction should have the following 6 parts.
๐. ๐๐ง๐ญ๐ซ๐จ๐๐ฎ๐๐ ๐ฒ๐จ๐ฎ๐ซ ๐ญ๐จ๐ฉ๐ข๐
Start your introduction section by introducing the broader topic of the paper. Then slowly go into the details that why this topic is important. You need to bring some interesting facts and stats here to convince the reader that this paper is worth reading.
๐. ๐๐๐ฌ๐๐ซ๐ข๐๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐๐๐๐ค๐ ๐ซ๐จ๐ฎ๐ง๐
After introducing the topic, now you need to briefly report what work has already been done on this topic. You can mention the most related 4-6 papers that covered this topic. These papers should not be discussed in as much detail as you discuss them in the related work section. The point here is to move the reader towards the gap statement i.e., what is missing in the existing literature.
๐. ๐๐ฌ๐ญ๐๐๐ฅ๐ข๐ฌ๐ก ๐ฒ๐จ๐ฎ๐ซ ๐ซ๐๐ฌ๐๐๐ซ๐๐ก ๐ฉ๐ซ๐จ๐๐ฅ๐๐ฆ
After discussing the existing work, you should clearly state what is the crisp problem being addressed in this paper. You have to make sure that the research problem is directly connected to the background section reported in the previous part.
๐. ๐๐ฅ๐๐๐ซ๐ฅ๐ฒ ๐ฌ๐ญ๐๐ญ๐ ๐ฒ๐จ๐ฎ๐ซ ๐จ๐๐ฃ๐๐๐ญ๐ข๐ฏ๐๐ฌ
Once the overall research problem is established, now you need to go into a bit more specifics. This you will do via presenting your objectives. Now objectives can be specified in two ways - a thesis statement or research questions. You can present this part in bold or italics so that it can be easily focused by the reader.
๐. ๐๐ซ๐ข๐๐๐ฅ๐ฒ ๐ซ๐๐ฉ๐จ๐ซ๐ญ ๐ฒ๐จ๐ฎ๐ซ ๐ฆ๐๐ญ๐ก๐จ๐๐จ๐ฅ๐จ๐ ๐ฒ
Now the reader knows what exactly has been done in this research. So, here you tell the reader how this research has been carried out. You don't need to go full scale but in a shorter form, report what methodology has been used to conduct this research.
๐. ๐๐ซ๐๐ฌ๐๐ง๐ญ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐จ๐ฎ๐ญ๐ฅ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐จ๐ ๐ญ๐ก๐ ๐ฉ๐๐ฉ๐๐ซ
In this final part, you should tell the reader what they should expect in the rest of the paper. This means how the rest of the paper has been structured i.e., what are the different sections and what is in each section. Some researchers also present contributions before the outline of the paper.
๐๐๐๐ ๐๐๐๐๐๐๐ ๐ก๐๐๐
1) Use solid references to support your motivation.
2) Do not make big claims that your results can't support.
3) Avoid complexity, explain in simple terms.
4) Keep its flow like a story. Avoid abrupt jumps.
5) Avoid typos at any cost in the introduction section.
PS: There are many styles for writing introduction section, which varies across domains. This is just one of them.
5 steps turn every paper you read into new research ideas, on autopilot.
The key: a system for organising claims, questions, and ideas.
Let's break it down:
๐ด The problem: you highlight a claim in Zotero. It felt important.
Two weeks later, you can't remember why.
๐ข The fix: Stop collecting highlights. Build a network of claims, questions, and ideas that links back to every source.
1. Read the paper. Add it to Zotero first, so annotations and metadata export cleanly to Obsidian.
2. Import into Obsidian (ZotLit plugin or AI). Every note gets a type: Topic, Question, or Idea.
3. For each highlight, write the claim in your own words. Add it to a topic note and deep-link back to the PDF. Over time you stop creating new topics, you already have most of them.
4. A question or idea? Split it into its own note, linked back to the source and topic that sparked it.
5. Keep one "List of open questions" note. Every unanswered question lives there, with its sources (Obsidian Bases can automate this).
Out of ideas? Run an AI search on an open question, or explore an idea note.
After a few months, you'll have 100+ questions and ideas ready to go.
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