A.S.M Sayef 💀

জ্ঞানের খোঁজে, স্বপ্নের পথে | Math enthusiast & lifelong learner
Connecting to exchange ideas ✨

[A.S.M Sayef 💀 @ASMSayefxydx]

হয়তো তুমি,
নয়তো কেউনা!

[A.S.M Sayef 💀 @ASMSayefxydx]

@visshh_ Worth noting: there's also a similarly-titled but unrelated 2018 film, *The Old Man & the Gun* with Robert Redford — let me know if you meant that one instead.

[A.S.M Sayef 💀 @ASMSayefxydx]

@visshh_ It's grim, harrowing, and violent, with excellent tension and editing, playing almost like an early vigilante film balanced by a love story.

[A.S.M Sayef 💀 @ASMSayefxydx]

@visshh_ It's considered a classic in France, though its heavy use of flashbacks makes it more of a character study than straight action, and it may not land the same for viewers outside that historical context.

[A.S.M Sayef 💀 @ASMSayefxydx]

@visshh_ **The Old Gun (1975)** — French war drama starring Philippe Noiret and Romy Schneider, directed by Robert Enrico.

A doctor discovers his wife and daughter killed by Nazi soldiers and turns hunter, stalking the SS unit through his family's château with an old hunting rifle...

[A.S.M Sayef 💀 @ASMSayefxydx]

@Saumya___18 Thanks

[A.S.M Sayef 💀 @ASMSayefxydx]

@samridhi92099 👍

[A.S.M Sayef 💀 @ASMSayefxydx]

@amyy_tweetz Broke🤣

[Physics In History @PhysInHistory]

Irène Joliot-Curie was a remarkable French scientist and politician who made significant contributions to the field of nuclear physics and radioactivity. She was born on September 12, 1897 in Paris, as the daughter of Pierre and Marie Curie, the famous Nobel laureates in physics and chemistry. She grew up in a stimulating intellectual environment and received a rigorous education from her mother and other eminent scholars.

During World War I, she served as a nurse radiographer and used X-rays to help wounded soldiers. She obtained her doctorate in science in 1925, after studying the alpha rays of polonium, one of the elements discovered by her parents. In 1926, she married Frédéric Joliot, a fellow physicist and assistant of Marie Curie. Together, they formed a formidable scientific partnership and collaborated on various research projects on natural and artificial radioactivity, transmutation of elements, and nuclear physics.

In 1934, they achieved a breakthrough by creating new radioactive elements by bombarding aluminum, boron, and magnesium with alpha particles. They discovered that these elements emitted positrons and neutrons, which indicated that they had higher atomic numbers than their original elements. This phenomenon was called artificial radioactivity, and it opened up new possibilities for exploring the structure of the atom and creating new elements.

For this discovery, Irène and Frédéric Joliot-Curie were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1935, making them the second married couple (after Irène's parents) to win the Nobel Prize. They also became the family with the most Nobel laureates to date.

Irène Joliot-Curie was also active in politics and social causes. She was a supporter of the Popular Front, a coalition of leftist parties in France, and became the Undersecretary of State for Scientific Research in 1936, one of the first women to hold a ministerial position in France. She was also involved in the World Peace Council and the Union of French Women. She advocated for the advancement of women in science and society, and for the peaceful use of nuclear energy.

In 1937, she became a professor at the Faculty of Science in Paris, succeeding her mother as the director of the Radium Institute in 1946. She continued her research on radioactivity and nuclear physics, and participated in the creation of the French Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) in 1945. She also planned and supervised the construction of a large center for nuclear physics at Orsay, which was equipped with a synchro-cyclotron.

Unfortunately, her exposure to radiation took a toll on her health, and she developed acute leukemia. She died on March 17, 1956 in Paris, at the age of 58. She left behind a legacy of scientific excellence and social commitment, as well as two children, Hélène and Pierre, who also became distinguished scientists. Irène Joliot-Curie was an inspiring figure who made lasting contributions to humanity through her work and vision.

📷 © Association Curie Joliot-Curie

[Math Files @Math_files]

"Be less curious about people and more curious about ideas."

-- Marie Curie (1867 - 1934) ✍️

[Physics In History @PhysInHistory]

Albert Einstein's letter to Marie Curie, 1911:

Prague, 23 November 1911
Highly esteemed Mrs. Curie

Do not laugh at me for writing you without having anything sensible to say.
But I am so enraged by the base manner in which the public is presently daring to concern itself with you that I absolutely must give vent to this feeling. However, I am convinced that you consistently despise this rabble, whether it obsequiously lavishes respect on you or whether it attempts to satiate its lust for sensationalism!

I am impelled to tell you how much I have come to admire your intellect, your drive, and your honesty, and that I consider myself lucky to have made your personal acquaintance in Brussels. Anyone who does not number among these reptiles is certainly happy, now as before, that we have such personages among us as you, and Langevinil too, real people with whom one feels privileged to be in contact. If the rabble continues to occupy itself with you, then simply don't read that hogwash, but rather leave it to the reptile for whom it has been fabricated.
With most amicable regards to you, Langevin, and Perrin, yours very truly,
A. Einstein

P.S. I have determined the statistical law of motion of the diatomic molecule in Planck's radiation field by means of a comical witticism, naturally under the constraint that the structure's motion follows the laws of standard mechanics.
My hope that this law is valid in reality is very small, though.

[Erika  @ExploreCosmos_]

On this day: Marie Curie and the Nobel Prize that changed the atom.

On this day, July 4, 1934, Marie Skłodowska Curie died in France from aplastic anaemia, a blood disease strongly associated with exposure to large amounts of radiation. Her death has often been described as a tragic consequence of the very phenomenon she helped reveal to the world, but her story should not be reduced only to that irony. Curie did not simply become famous because of radiation. She transformed radioactivity from a mysterious observation into a rigorous scientific field, and in doing so changed physics, chemistry and medicine.

Her first Nobel Prize came in 1903, when she shared the Nobel Prize in Physics with Pierre Curie and Henri Becquerel. Becquerel was recognised for discovering spontaneous radioactivity, while Marie and Pierre Curie were honoured for their research into the radiation phenomena he had uncovered. That award made Marie Curie the first woman ever to receive a Nobel Prize, but its scientific importance went far beyond the historical symbolism. It marked the moment when radioactivity became one of the central problems of modern science.

What made Curie’s work so powerful was not only that she studied radioactive materials, but how she studied them. She treated radioactivity as something measurable. By analysing uranium and thorium compounds, she showed that the intensity of the radiation depended on the amount of radioactive element present, not on the chemical form of the compound. This was a crucial insight. It suggested that radioactivity was not a normal chemical reaction, nor a superficial property of a mineral, but something arising from within the atom itself.

That idea was revolutionary. At the end of the nineteenth century, the atom was still often imagined as stable and indivisible. Curie’s measurements pointed in another direction. They implied that matter contained internal processes capable of releasing energy and producing invisible radiation. Long before nuclear physics had fully developed, her work helped open the conceptual door to the atomic nucleus.

One of the decisive moments came through her study of pitchblende, a uranium-rich mineral. Curie found that pitchblende was more radioactive than could be explained by its uranium content alone. Instead of dismissing the anomaly, she followed it. The conclusion was bold but logical: the mineral must contain unknown substances that were far more radioactive than uranium. This reasoning led to the discovery of polonium, named after her native Poland, and radium, the element that would become almost synonymous with the early age of radioactivity.

Her second Nobel Prize came in 1911, this time in Chemistry. It recognised her work on radioactivity, especially the discovery of radium and polonium, the isolation of radium, and the study of its properties and compounds. This made Curie the first person to receive two Nobel Prizes, and she remains the only person awarded Nobel Prizes in two different scientific categories.

The distinction between the two Nobel Prizes matters. The 1903 Nobel was mainly about a new physical phenomenon: radioactivity as a property that revealed something deep about matter and energy. The 1911 Nobel was about chemical proof. Curie had to show that radium was not merely a strange radiation source or an impurity, but a real element with identifiable properties. That required years of demanding laboratory work, processing large quantities of pitchblende residues under extremely poor conditions to extract tiny amounts of radioactive material.

Her work also changed medicine. Radium and X-rays became part of the early development of radiation-based diagnosis and treatment. During World War I, Curie promoted the medical use of X-rays and helped develop mobile radiological units, later known as petites Curies, so surgeons could locate bullets and shrapnel in wounded soldiers more accurately. This practical side of her work is sometimes treated as secondary, but it shows something essential about her scientific character: she believed that research had value not only as knowledge, but as a tool to reduce human suffering.

The danger, however, was not yet properly understood. Curie and many of her contemporaries handled radioactive substances without the protective measures that would now be considered basic. Radioactive materials were carried, stored and manipulated at a time when radiological safety did not yet exist as a mature discipline. Her later illness was therefore not simply a personal tragedy; it was also part of the early history of a field that discovered its risks only while people were already working inside them.

Marie Curie’s Nobel legacy is extraordinary because it joins intellectual courage with experimental discipline. She did not build her reputation on speculation, but on measurement, chemical separation and evidence. Her discoveries showed that atoms were not inert pieces of matter, that invisible radiation could reveal the internal structure of nature, and that a phenomenon born in the laboratory could reshape medicine, physics and chemistry.

On this day, it is worth remembering not only how she died, but what she proved. Marie Curie’s two Nobel Prizes were not decorations attached to an exceptional life. They marked two stages of a scientific revolution: first, the recognition of radioactivity as a fundamental physical phenomenon; then, the chemical isolation of the elements that made that phenomenon impossible to ignore. She did not merely study radiation. She gave science a way to understand it.

[Physics In History @PhysInHistory]

Niels Bohr's 1944 letter to Winston Churchill explaining him the scale of the Manhattan Project✉️

22nd May 1944
The Rt. Hon. Winston S. Churchill, C.H., M.P.

Sir,
In accordance with your kind permission, I have the honour to send you a brief report about my impressions of the great Anglo-American enterprise, in the scientific aspects of which I have been given the opportunity to participate together with my British colleagues.

The principles on which the enormous energy stored in the nuclei of atoms may be released for practical purposes were, as a result of international scientific collaboration, already perceived in outline before the war and are, therefore, common knowledge to physicists all over the world. It was, however, by no means certain whether the task would surpass human resources, and it was therefore a revelation to me, on my arrival in England last October, to learn with what courage and foresight the effort had been undertaken and what an advanced stage the work had already reached.

In fact, what until a few years ago might be considered as a fantastic dream is at present being realized within great laboratories and huge production plants secretly erected in some of the most solitary regions of the United States. There a larger group of physicists than ever before collected for a single purpose, working hand in hand with a whole army of engineers and technicians, are preparing new materials capable of an immense energy release, and are developing ingenious devices for the most effective use of these materials.

To everyone who is given the opportunity to see for himself the refined laboratory equipment and the gigantic production machinery, it is an unforgettable experience, of which words can only give a poor impression. Moreover it was to me a special pleasure to witness the most harmonious and enthusiastic cooperation between the British and American colleagues, and on my departure I was expressly asked by the leaders of the American organization to convey their genuine appreciation of the help they are receiving, on an ever increasing scale, from their British collaborators.

I will not tire you with any technical details, but one cannot help comparing the situation with that of the alchemists of former days, groping in the dark in their vain efforts to make gold. To-day physicists and engineers are, on the basis of firmly established knowledge, controlling and directing violent reactions by which new materials far more precious than gold are built up, atom by atom. These processes are in fact similar to those which took place in the early stages of development of the universe and still go on in the turbulent and flaming interior of the stars.

The whole undertaking constitutes, indeed, a far deeper interference with the natural course of events than anything ever before attempted, and it must be realized that the success of the endeavours has created a quite new situation as regards human resources. The revolution in industrial development which may result in coming years cannot at present be surveyed, but the fact of immediate preponderance is, that a weapon of devastating power far beyond any previous possibilities and imagination will soon become available.

The lead in the efforts to master such mighty forces of nature, hitherto beyond human reach, which by good fortune has been achieved by the two great free nations, entails the greatest promises for the future. The responsibility for handling the situation rests, of course, with the statesmen alone. The scientists who are brought into confidence can only offer the statesmen all such information about technical matters as may be of importance for their decisions.

In this connection it is significant that the enterprise, immense as it is, has still proved to demand a much smaller effort than might have been anticipated, and that the development of the work has continually revealed unsuspected possibilities for facilitating the production of the materials and for intensifying their effects.

These circumstances obviously have an important bearing on the question of an eventual competition about the formidable weapon, and on the problem of establishing an effective control, and might therefore perhaps influence the judgment of the statesmen as to how the present favourable situation can best be turned to lasting advantage for the cause of freedom and world security.

I hope you will permit me to say that I am afraid that, at the personal interview with which you honoured me, I may not have given you the right impression of the confidential conversation in Washington on which I reported. It was, indeed, far from my mind to venture any comment about the way in which the great joint enterprise has been so happily arranged by the statesmen; I wished rather to give expression to the profound conviction I have met everywhere on my journey that the hope for the future lies above all in the most brotherly friendship between the British Commonwealth and the United States.

It was just this spirit of co-operation that the President’s friend [Felix Frankfurter], believing the matter to be of the highest importance for the two countries, and knowing that, at the Chancellor’s request, I was coming to England for technical consultations, entrusted me, in strictest confidence, to convey to you, that the President is deeply occupied in his own mind with the stupendous consequences of the project, in which he sees grave dangers, but also unique opportunities, and that he hopes together with you to find ways of handling the situation to the greatest benefit of all mankind.

Most respectfully,
Niels Bohr

[A.S.M Sayef 💀 @ASMSayefxydx]

@itsmejenlai Hi

[A.S.M Sayef 💀 @ASMSayefxydx]

@sanskari_SM0 Nothing.

[A.S.M Sayef 💀 @ASMSayefxydx]

@Savita091 Tea

[Math Files @Math_files]

Harvard believes the next Einstein is already among us.

Meet Sabrina Gonzalez Pasterski, a quiet theoretical physicist and one of the brightest minds of her generation.

At 14, she built a real airplane.

At 16, she flew it alone.

When MIT rejected her, she sent them a video of the plane she built instead.

Their reply: "Start next semester."

She later graduated with a perfect GPA, was cited by Stephen Hawking, and turned down offers from Google, Facebook, and Jeff Bezos.

Instead of chasing money and fame, she chose to focus on understanding the universe.

[A.S.M Sayef 💀 @ASMSayefxydx]

@ThebookishC Do you prefer reading ebooks or paper books?