@OlafBrugman@JTasioulas La politique est devenue indéchiffrable au terme d'un cycle où l'autonomie s'est épuisée dans l'inflation des droits du sujet au détriment du commun. Les leaders volontaristes déplacent cette logique : le sujet devient le leader politique qui s'identifie au sens de l'Histoire.
@nikitakarachoi La capacité à dénoncer l'injustice devient alors une valeur qui tend à se substituer aux critères indépendants de compétence ou de rigueur. La critique de la domination finit par s'auto-valider : être contesté devient une confirmation de la structure dénoncée.
@nikitakarachoi Arday ne semble pas sortir de la logique qui est précisément contestée : sa lettre transforme encore sa position de victime de racisme et de validisme en principe d'interprétation de sa propre éviction.
@MichaelMcGetti6@JohnGBrungardt Mais votre « s’il y a déterminité, il y a téléologie interne » ne réintroduit-il pas clandestinement un devoir-être dans l’ontologie ? De « l’être est déterminé » à « l’être doit accomplir sa détermination », où se trouve le principe qui impose ce passage ?
En quoi l'IA s'imposerait comme une source de détermination impérative de la morale qui priverait l'individu de sa propre condition de détermination de cette morale ???
I was never a Kantian, but I can see how the inevitable advance of technology is profoundly anti-Kantian.
For Kant, autonomy is the capacity of the subject to impose the moral law upon itself.
When an external agent comes to understand the subject’s goals better than the subject itself, and can anticipate them, the subject is reduced to a state of heteronomy.
Under heteronomy, the subject ceases to be an end in itself and becomes a means to the efficiency of the system.
The subject loses the capacity to deliberate. In fact, it has already lost it.
Whenever the subject loses the end within itself, praxis becomes atrophied. The subject becomes merely an agent of production, oriented towards an end outside itself, determined by an artificial system.
Most users of technology still fail to understand that technological development is leading towards a condition in which the human subject is no longer a unit worth preserving. The human subject becomes, from the standpoint of technique, an obsolete form.
This is where what Jacques Ellul called the “autonomy of the technological phenomenon” emerges. The subject is swallowed by a process that no longer needs it as a moral interlocutor.
This does not particularly shock me, because I never fully embraced the Kantian view in the first place.
But I do find myself laughing at all the professors who taught me Kant and who are now enthusiastic advocates of precisely these innovations.
I can only imagine the intellectual contortions they are going through to present themselves as techno-Kantians.
Surely, they will need an AI to help them with that.
@Freeza_57@SurmulotsNews Hayek pensait la monnaie à partir de son expérience de l’effondrement monétaire autrichien : fonctionnaire à Vienne, il avait connu les conséquences de la faillite de la Banque nationale. Une dette n’est pas un papier qu’on peut brûler : c’est un rapport fondé sur la confiance.
@pool14music Kant partait de l’autonomie : la valeur ne doit pas être déduite de conditions de réalisation extérieures au sujet. Une axiologie de la liberté en devenir peut préserver ce mvt : la liberté vaut comme auto-détermination, sans être inversée en conformité à un réel téléologique.
@pool14music « La liberté qui ne se réalise pas n’est pas véritablement liberté » réintroduit une hétéronomie paradoxale : la liberté n’est plus une valeur 1ère, mais doit se conformer à un telos de réalisation objective. Le réalisme historique, institutionnel ou matériel devient normatif.
The following proposal regarding the Philosophy of Education takes Kant’s critical architecture seriously while extending it toward a Hegelian horizon of absolute freedom, thereby generating a stripped-down, non-confessional soteriology of education.
Kant’s Copernican Turn and the Primacy of Praxis
Kant’s theoretical Copernican revolution establishes that the phenomenal world is never given “in itself” but is always structured by the forms of sensibility and the categories of the understanding. Cognition is active interpretation within a cognitive filter. Yet this limitation of theoretical reason is precisely what clears space for practical reason. In the practical domain the moral law is not a filter imposed upon an alien object; it is the law that pure practical reason gives itself. Action therefore has a different status: the will, insofar as it determines itself by the categorical imperative, participates in an intelligible (noumenal) causality of freedom. The “objective” world of praxis is not the causal nexus of appearances but the moral world that free agents help constitute by their maxims and deeds.
In this sense the primacy of practical reason is already a kind of soteriological turn: theoretical reason is limited so that moral freedom can be secured. Education, for Kant, is the systematic cultivation of the capacity to inhabit that practical standpoint—discipline, cultivation, civilization, and finally moralization—so that the individual can legislate for herself and act from duty rather than inclination or external authority.
God, Freedom, and the Elevation of Humanity
Kant treats the holy will (God) as the only will that is fully free in the sense of never experiencing a conflict between reason and inclination. Finite rational beings possess autonomy but must continually struggle against radical evil and the propensity to subordinate the moral law. Yet the moral law itself commands us to promote the conditions under which freedom can be realized more fully—both in ourselves and in others. To “serve freedom wherever it is found” is therefore not optional benevolence; it is a duty that flows from respect for the dignity of rational nature.
Educational practice becomes one of the primary historical sites of this service. By forming autonomous agents we raise the general level of moral capacity across generations. The “tide of all humanity” rises because each newly autonomous will is both an end in itself and a contributor to the collective conditions of freedom. This is already a proto-soteriological dynamic: deliverance from heteronomy into autonomy, and the progressive enlargement of the sphere of freedom.
The Hegelian Horizon: Communion with Geist
Hegel radicalizes this trajectory. Where Kant leaves a dualism between the phenomenal order of nature and the intelligible order of freedom (with God, immortality, and freedom as postulates of practical reason), Hegel sublates the dualism. Freedom is no longer a noumenal postulate but the very essence of Geist—Spirit as the self-developing Absolute that comes to know itself through history, institutions, and individual self-consciousness.
Bildung, in the Hegelian sense, is the process by which the individual is raised from immediate natural particularity into the universality of ethical life (Sittlichkeit) and ultimately into the self-conscious freedom of Absolute Spirit. Education is therefore not merely the formation of autonomous moral agents; it is participation in the self-realization of freedom as such. The individual does not merely approximate a divine holy will; she becomes a living moment in the dialectical self-actualization of Geist. Communion with Geist is the philosophical equivalent of salvation: the finite subject is delivered from alienation and contingency into the infinite freedom that is its own essence.
This move strips theology of localized cultural trappings precisely because it no longer requires a particular revealed narrative, ecclesial structure, or mythic cosmology. The soteriological content is the progressive historical and individual actualization of freedom itself. Educational policy oriented toward freedom is, on this view, policy oriented toward the conditions under which Geist can more fully realize itself.
Implications for Educational Purpose
When freedom is taken as the purpose of education in this dual Kantian–Hegelian register, the employment-centered model appears not merely incomplete but a form of spiritual truncation. Skills and economic readiness belong to the sphere of particular needs and civil society; they are necessary but subordinate. The deeper purpose is the formation of subjects capable of autonomous moral legislation (Kant) who thereby contribute to the self-conscious freedom of Spirit (Hegel).
Policy consequences follow:
- Curriculum and pedagogy must protect spaces for moral reflection, critical judgment, and the interruption of merely adaptive learning.
- Institutions themselves must be understood as sites of ethical life that either foster or hinder the actualization of freedom.
- The measure of educational success is not primarily employability metrics but the growth of mindedness, self-consciousness, and the capacity for intelligent ethical action within a shared world.
This is a demanding ideal. It requires that education remain oriented toward the complete human personality—not as a static perfection but as participation in an ongoing process of liberation whose ultimate horizon is the self-realization of freedom as such. In that sense the soteriological reading of this proposal is neither an arbitrary overlay nor a retreat into confessional particularity; it is an internal development of the critical and idealist project itself.
@tibreiz@Martien_The_IV@DariusRochebin “The presence of a constitutive outside which, at the same time, constitutes and denies the identity of the inside.” Laclau
@BataillAlexis1@FbClementine@Villepin C'est qu'on a voulu sauver l'autonomie du relativisme en cherchant une objectivité dans des superstructures, l'histoire,...
et pas que dans un critère universel impérativement ad hoc.
Une personnalité diplômée qui se présente comme une chercheuse spécialiste de l’environnement et du changement climatique est-elle de facto une experte reconnue ?
Emma Haziza accumule les affirmations erronées, refuse de les corriger, répond aux critiques par des procès, n’a pas d'activité de recherche, mais détient plusieurs entreprises qui commercialisent des prestations de conseil dans les domaines mêmes où elle intervient dans les média. De quoi interroger sérieusement la fabrication médiatique de l’expertise.
Tronche de Fake 9.2 sur la fausse expertise diffusée dans les grands médias
https://t.co/oo868FzsdZ
@MichaelMcGetti6@JohnGBrungardt Je vous l'accorde... mais le terme téléologie seul est très polysémique. Quelle téléologie accepterait un déterminisme épistémologique ou de raison en évitant d'être source d'heteronomie? Il serait interne à quel objet / sujet ?
@MichaelMcGetti6@JohnGBrungardt Sans l'assumer vous présupposez nécessairement le dogme d'une ontologie d'un être qui par sa transcendance détermine l'immanence.
@FbClementine@pheacienne@AnnaKubista@CornellPress ...tout en préservant la transcendance radicale de Dieu. À l’inverse, elle reproche au catholicisme latin une conception qui tend davantage à ramener la transcendance dans une construction ontologique centrée sur le sujet.
@FbClementine@pheacienne@AnnaKubista@CornellPress L’Église orthodoxe grecque se considère comme l’héritière d’une révélation monothéiste développée à travers le Logos, dans le prolongement de Platon. Elle voit donc sa théologie comme un approfondissement conceptuel rigoureux de cette révélation...
@ElstirP@FbClementine@Villepin Cette thèse d'une éthique athéiste antihumaniste française refait surface périodiquement en forme de critique du structuralisme et de son influence post-structuraliste sur le faconnement de l'idéologie progressiste :
https://t.co/v83K3Xr8Dy