A highlight - “Kenoyer (2004), in Wheeled Vehicles of the Indus Valley Civilization of Pakistan and India, notes: “At Harappa we find evidence for the use of terracotta model carts as early as 3500 BC during the Ravi Phase at Harappa […] No carts or wheels dating to this early time period have been reported from any sites in Afghanistan or Central Asia, or even from sites such as Mehrgarh and Nausharo that are located at the edge of the Indus plain. […] It is now possible to say that, on the basis of the currently available archaeological evidence, the development of Indus wheeled carts appears to be the result of indigenous processes occurring out in the alluvium and not the result of diffusion from mountainous regions to the west.”
David Anthony, however, states in his book (p. 69) that the Baden culture ceramic wagon models dated to 3300–3100 BCE are “the oldest well-dated three-dimensional models of wheeled vehicles,” thereby ignoring the earlier wheeled vehicle evidence from Harappa.”
(1/N)
https://t.co/3SNBPjZVhC
BY @thehistoropill
Busting a Myth! A vast amount of information—check it out.
The best part is that both spoked and solid wheels were used on chariots for both military and civilian purposes.
Miano can't get anything right.
αἰνῶς ἀθανάτῃσι θεῇς εἰς ὦπα ἔοικεν
Helen resembles [ἔοικεν] the immortal goddesses in appearance. We still say someone is "like a Greek god" to praise looks. And she's not unique: Briseis and Nausicaa are also compared to goddesses.
@Rtam86418021@iosif_lazaridis@KroonenGuus I was refering to the absence of steppe ancestry in the main BMAC population as Narasimhan finds.
Has anyone studied the impact of the "Indian specific Iranian-related component" on any of the ancient populations?
Narasimhan shows full evidence of IVC migrations out of India.
Neither Yamnaya nor any other genetic heritage makes one a Greek, but language and culture. And, by the way, this guy, circa ~1450BC in Pylos had ~0% Yamnaya heritage.
https://t.co/8bRfiLKJjs
All this evidence aside, we cannot be certain that this is the solution, so alternative ideas must continue to be investigated while the details of the CLV->Anatolia route are fleshed out.
@KroonenGuus At the same time, we think that alternative models must continue to be explored. This includes both the western entry model and the eastern entry model in which the CLV ancestry is incidental rather than the one transmitting Pre-Anatolian languages.
@KroonenGuus History does not always follow parsimony or elegance, and while our preferred solution agrees with all known facts and has several lines of evidence going for it (summarized in this thread), we should continue to explore alternative hypotheses as well.
As per your own Harvard report. Steppe ancestry in Swatt was female mediated. till IA period
non upper caste Jatts have highest steppe in south asia. R1a is present unevenly.
as this your 2024 post, this may not be updated. R1a in India is not basal Z93, neither the indian R1a is found in Sintashta.
@anand_011235 By that logic you dont even need steppe as aryan or taking steppe IE, aryan is useless.😂
No legit model is taking IranN or indian is PIE dumbo.
@iosif_lazaridis @eRahulChawla @KroonenGuus Chaturvedi Brahmins, Kashmiri Brahmin, Gujarati Brahmins have ~22% R1a, South Indian tribals have around 28%. This is on lower end, what high caste are you referring to? Most Shudra castes have higher R1a Gujarat Lohanas (60%), Khatris (67%), Karnataka Medars (39%).......1
@Rtam86418021@iosif_lazaridis@KroonenGuus Outlier is not = main cline. ofc " DO NOT ATTEST TO ANY SOUTHWARD MIGRATION" exactly. Narasimhan report is 2019 and this report is 2023.
btw Narasimhan himself noted only Female mediated steppe in 1500 BC -300 bc nw SOUTH ASIA adna
@Rtam86418021@iosif_lazaridis@KroonenGuus BMAC was proven to be Iranic (Zorastrian) from the archaeological artefacts found.
Steppe outlier mean nothing.
Narasimhan also said BMAC had deeply rooted AASI from 2-5%.
AASI in IVC samples is avg. 20%, within 4-5 generations it it can come down to 2-5%, basic maths.
Uralic Udmurts have 50% Steppe and no aryan culture or language. Sinuali sample info are already given by Niraj rai. Researchers wont publish Samples which are low quality when high quality samples are absent.
Sinuali sample data is already with Harvard. "hiding sample" saar your propaganda is shit. Sinuali samples had no steppe. publishing these samples will go against AMT
The Scythians established themselves in India from 2nd century BCE, however the initial contacts between Scythians and Indians goes back to the 4th century BCE at least. Scythians of Siberia imported mirrors an fabrics of Indian origin.
@TeluguFilmFile all of your theories will go shit if samples get published. steppe tards imagining 80% steppe. logically impossible.
Real sample & PCA data given. No steppe in sinuali samples😂. steppe tards took some 1 low quality unreadable sample and thought it would help.