SpaceX is live on Castar! ๐ฐ๏ธ
Claim your free airdrop of @SpaceX shares, available to the first 500 new users!
Use code MARS2030 during registration. ๐พ
Earn more points by buying and holding SpaceX, then exchange them for exclusive benefits!
SpaceX is live on Castar! ๐ฐ๏ธ
Claim your free airdrop of @SpaceX shares, available to the first 500 new users!
Use code MARS2030 during registration. ๐พ
Earn more points by buying and holding SpaceX, then exchange them for exclusive benefits!
There have recently been some discussions on the ongoing role of L2s in the Ethereum ecosystem, especially in the face of two facts:
* L2s' progress to stage 2 (and, secondarily, on interop) has been far slower and more difficult than originally expected
* L1 itself is scaling, fees are very low, and gaslimits are projected to increase greatly in 2026
Both of these facts, for their own separate reasons, mean that the original vision of L2s and their role in Ethereum no longer makes sense, and we need a new path.
First, let us recap the original vision. Ethereum needs to scale. The definition of "Ethereum scaling" is the existence of large quantities of block space that is backed by the full faith and credit of Ethereum - that is, block space where, if you do things (including with ETH) inside that block space, your activities are guaranteed to be valid, uncensored, unreverted, untouched, as long as Ethereum itself functions. If you create a 10000 TPS EVM where its connection to L1 is mediated by a multisig bridge, then you are not scaling Ethereum.
This vision no longer makes sense. L1 does not need L2s to be "branded shards", because L1 is itself scaling. And L2s are not able or willing to satisfy the properties that a true "branded shard" would require. I've even seen at least one explicitly saying that they may never want to go beyond stage 1, not just for technical reasons around ZK-EVM safety, but also because their customers' regulatory needs require them to have ultimate control. This may be doing the right thing for your customers. But it should be obvious that if you are doing this, then you are not "scaling Ethereum" in the sense meant by the rollup-centric roadmap. But that's fine! it's fine because Ethereum itself is now scaling directly on L1, with large planned increases to its gas limit this year and the years ahead.
We should stop thinking about L2s as literally being "branded shards" of Ethereum, with the social status and responsibilities that this entails. Instead, we can think of L2s as being a full spectrum, which includes both chains backed by the full faith and credit of Ethereum with various unique properties (eg. not just EVM), as well as a whole array of options at different levels of connection to Ethereum, that each person (or bot) is free to care about or not care about depending on their needs.
What would I do today if I were an L2?
* Identify a value add other than "scaling". Examples: (i) non-EVM specialized features/VMs around privacy, (ii) efficiency specialized around a particular application, (iii) truly extreme levels of scaling that even a greatly expanded L1 will not do, (iv) a totally different design for non-financial applications, eg. social, identity, AI, (v) ultra-low-latency and other sequencing properties, (vi) maybe built-in oracles or decentralized dispute resolution or other "non-computationally-verifiable" features
* Be stage 1 at the minimum (otherwise you really are just a separate L1 with a bridge, and you should just call yourself that) if you're doing things with ETH or other ethereum-issued assets
* Support maximum interoperability with Ethereum, though this will differ for each one (eg. what if you're not EVM, or even not financial?)
From Ethereum's side, over the past few months I've become more convinced of the value of the native rollup precompile, particuarly once we have enshrined ZK-EVM proofs that we need anyway to scale L1. This is a precompile that verifies a ZK-EVM proof, and it's "part of Ethereum", so (i) it auto-upgrades along with Ethereum, and (ii) if the precompile has a bug, Ethereum will hard-fork to fix the bug.
The native rollup precompile would make full, security-council-free, EVM verification accessible. We should spend much more time working out how to design it in such a way that if your L2 is "EVM plus other stuff", then the native rollup precompile would verify the EVM, and you only have to bring your own prover for the "other stuff" (eg. Stylus). This might involve a canonical way of exposing a lookup table between contract call inputs and outputs, and letting you provide your own values to the lookup table (that you would prove separately).
This would make it easy to have safe, strong, trustless interoperability with Ethereum. It also enables synchronous composability (see: https://t.co/9jy6v1X6Fw and https://t.co/gZmu3YjebM ). And from there, it's each L2's choice exactly what they want to build. Don't just "extend L1", figure out something new to add.
This of course means that some will add things that are trust-dependent, or backdoored, or otherwise insecure; this is unavoidable in a permissionless ecosystem where developers have freedom. Our job should make to make it clear to users what guarantees they have, and to build up the strongest Ethereum that we can.
we've recently migrated off @heroku to @coolifyio and the queries went from randomly spiking to 30s down to a stable maximum of a ~4s
PLS DO NOT USE HEROKU
thanks @heyandras for the hard work ๐
Interop is the next big challenge for Ethereum - and L2BEAT is diving right into the center of it.
At @EFDevcon, our cofounder @bkiepuszewski introduced our newest initiative: Interop ๐
Interop is the next big challenge for Ethereum - and L2BEAT is diving right into the center of it.
At @EFDevcon, our cofounder @bkiepuszewski introduced our newest initiative: Interop ๐
our @l2beat activity page just got a redesignโจ
one table. no more tabs. all projects side by side.
no excuses left, 6 of the top 10 use ethereum DA.
as of today, the top 3 are:
1. @Lighter_xyz
2. @base
3. @0xPolygon PoS
Weโre excited to launch L2BEAT Talk ๐ - our official interview series!
Your new go-to for staying on top of leading L2s and their unique value props.
๐ฅ Ep. 1 with @marek_, Founder of @Celo, is live now - watch here ๐
We donโt stop shipping - ever. ๐ข
Detailed pages on the ZK Catalog are live. Dive into proof systems, trusted setups and onchain verifiers securing Ethereumโs scaling stack - and learn how to check them yourself.
๐จ One of the biggest updates on L2BEAT just dropped: Ecosystem Pages!
Months in the making with our Partnership Fund partners - now live, packed with everything you need to know about the Ethereum scaling ecosystems.
Buckle up as we go through it all! ๐
New section dropped in DABEAT: Liveness ๐จ
It shows how actively different DA layers are posting their data availability attestations to Ethereum - and whether they stick to their usual schedule.
Whatโs inside? ๐