Since the Amurs have created a mini-sensation with their incredible journey, I did a short Q&A with Dr Suresh from @wii_india who leads this remarkable tracking project. Here are a few fascinating insights
Q. Why do Amur Falcons migrate?
A. Migration is a natural survival strategy. Many species, including the Amur Falcon, move seasonally to escape harsh weather, seek richer feeding grounds, or find suitable breeding habitats. Over evolutionary time, individuals that migrated had higher survival and reproductive success which is why migration persists in certain species even today.
Q. Why is tracking their migration important?
A. Tracking with lightweight electronic tags helps scientists understand the exact routes and flight paths these birds follow, the environmental factors influencing their journey, and the critical stopover sites they depend on. It also helps identify threats along the way from habitat loss to hunting and provides vital insights into how Climate Change is shifting migration patterns worldwide.
Q. How do Amur Falcons survive such long flights without food or water?
A. Before they begin their transcontinental journey, Amur Falcons stop over at select sites in Northeast India, especially Nagaland and Manipur. Their arrival coincides with the mass emergence of termites a rich, high-protein food source. Here, they undergo hyperphagia or intense pre-migratory fattening, building reserves that sustain them through their nonstop oceanic flights where no food or water is available.
Q. Do they take breaks while crossing the sea?
A. No. Amur Falcons are terrestrial birds and cannot land on water. Once they leave the Indian coast, they undertake an uninterrupted flight across the Arabian Sea, a remarkable non-stop journey covering nearly 3000 km.