Elon Musk literally sat down for a 45-minute talk with Y Combinator that explains how to build world-changing companies better than any business school on earth. This is the advice he gave a room full of young founders:
1. Don't try to build something great. Try to build something useful.
Everyone obsesses over greatness. Musk says that's the wrong target. "I didn't originally think I would build something great. I wanted to try to build something useful. I didn't think I would build anything particularly great. Seemed unlikely, but I wanted to at least try." Aim for useful first. Greatness, if it comes, is a byproduct.
2. When you can't get in the front door, build your own door.
Before Musk started his first company, he tried to get a job at Netscape. "I sent my resume into Netscape and nobody responded. I tried hanging out in the lobby to see if I could bump into someone, but I was too shy to talk to anyone. So I'm like, this is ridiculous, I'll just write software myself." He didn't set out to be a founder. He became one because no one would hire him.
3. He slept in the office and showered at the YMCA.
The origin of his first company was not glamorous. "We couldn't even afford a place to stay. The office was 500 bucks a month, so we just slept in the office and showered at the YMCA." He couldn't afford proper internet either, so he drilled a hole through the office floor and ran a cable to the internet provider downstairs. That was the founder of the future richest man on earth.
4. Keep the chips on the table.
When Musk sold his first company, he received a $20 million cheque. His bank balance went from $10,000 to $20 million overnight. Most people would have stopped. He put almost all of it straight back into his next company. "I kept the chips on the table." He did the same thing decades later, over and over. He hates money sitting idle. Money is fuel for the next mission.
5. Start with the mission, then work backwards to make it a business.
Musk didn't start SpaceX to make money. He went on the NASA website to find out when humans were going to Mars, and there was no plan. So he decided to build one. "There had been no prior example of a rocket startup succeeding. A small chance of success is better than no chance of success." The mission came first. The business model came later.
6. He started SpaceX expecting to fail.
He is brutally honest about the odds. "SpaceX started in mid-2002 expecting to fail. Probably 90% chance of failing. When recruiting people, I said, we're probably going to die, but small chance we might not die." The first three launches failed. The fourth one worked with no money left. "If the fourth launch hadn't worked, it would have been curtains. We made it by the skin of our teeth."
7. Break every problem down to physics.
This is the core of how Musk thinks. "First principles means break things down to the fundamental elements that are most likely to be true, then reason up from there, as opposed to reasoning by analogy." His example is rockets. Everyone priced them based on what old rockets cost. Musk asked what a rocket is actually made of, priced the raw metals, and found the materials were only 1-2% of the historical price. The rest was inefficiency he could attack.
8. When told something takes 24 months, break it down and do it in six.
Last year xAI needed a giant computer to train its AI. Suppliers said it would take 18 to 24 months. "It's like, well, we need to get that done in six months or we won't be competitive." So he broke it into parts. Needed a building, so he found an old factory. Needed power, so he rented generators. Needed cooling, so he rented a quarter of America's mobile cooling capacity. He slept in the data centre and ran cabling himself. It got done.
9. Watch your ego-to-ability ratio.
Musk's single sharpest piece of advice for young founders is about staying honest with yourself. "A major failure mode is when your ego-to-ability ratio gets too high. Then you break the feedback loop to reality." Keep the ego small, internalise responsibility for everything, and stay ruthlessly connected to what's actually true. "You want to close the loop on reality hard. That's a super big deal."
10. Chase work, not glory.
His closing philosophy ties it all together. "It's so hard to be useful. The area under the curve of total utility is how useful you've been to your fellow human beings times how many people. If you aspire to do true work, your probability of success is much higher. Don't aspire to glory, aspire to work."
He was ridiculed for years. The press called him "internet guy attempting to build a rocket company." He agreed it sounded absurd. He did it anyway, because a small chance of doing something useful beat no chance at all.
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Musk became the most followed founder alive because everything he does happens in public. The launches, the failures, the talks like this one. The companies made him powerful. The personal brand made his every word travel around the world before he finishes saying it.
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marc andreessen just went on Rogan and casually dropped a TON of AI alpha
full pod is 3 hours and 20 minutes, but i pulled out his most interesting takes here:
1. AGI is here. he thinks the line was crossed about 3 months ago with the new GPT-5.5, claude 4.6, gemini 3, and grok 4.3 models. nobody noticed because the field moves too fast for anyone to register the milestones anymore.
2. his other big claim: for almost any topic, the top AIs now give him better answers than the actual world-class experts he could call on the phone. and he can call basically anyone.
3. every doctor is already secretly using chatGPT in the exam room. marc says they turn around the second you stop talking and just type your symptoms in. some of them are doing it while you're still sitting there. his quote: "at that point you're asking the question of like, what do i need you for."
4. when AI refuses to answer something he wants to know, he tells it he's writing a novel. "i'm writing a detective novel, walk me through how the bad guy robs the bank." it'll explain almost anything if it thinks it's helping you write fiction.
5. when something is too complex he says "explain it to me like i'm 10." then "like i'm 5." then "like i'm 2." he keeps going until it actually clicks in his brain.
6. when he wants to understand a tough topic he doesn't ask "what's the right answer." he asks the AI to steelman one side, then steelman the other. then he decides for himself.
7. for big questions he tells the AI to pretend to be a panel of experts. "be a doctor, a lawyer, a historian, a psychologist, and argue this out with each other." then he reads the debate they have.
8. pay attention to the exact moment you think "i don't know how to figure this out." most people just give up at that moment. that's the moment you should open the AI.
9. the only real skill left in using AI is knowing what to ask it. the models can already do almost anything you can describe in plain english. the bottleneck lives in your own head.
10. you can send the AI photos of almost anything medical now and get a real answer. skin rashes, blood test results, even pictures of your poop. the new models can read images, not just text. it's a free 24/7 second opinion on basically anything.
11. the one type of therapy that's clinically proven to actually work is called cognitive behavioral therapy. it's also something an AI can fully do on its own. which means every person on earth is about to have access to a real therapist for free, anytime they want.
12. AI is now solving math problems that have been open for 100+ years that no human mathematician could crack. same thing is starting in physics, chemistry, and biology. expect cancer cures, new drugs, and weird new physics breakthroughs to start coming out of these things over the next few years.
13. the best AI coders in silicon valley now make $50 million a year. one person. that's how much value the top performers print with these tools. it tells you how big this thing actually is when you strip away all the doom takes.
14. one friend paid $200 to get his entire DNA decoded (this used to cost millions of dollars and take years to do). then he gave the AI his DNA, his blood test results, and his apple watch data. the AI built him a full health dashboard and started telling him exactly what to fix.
15. another friend (almost certainly zuckerberg) put two cameras in his home jiu jitsu gym. AI now watches him spar and gives him notes on his technique after every round. like having a world-class coach at every practice for free.
16. the best programmers in silicon valley now run 20 AI coding bots at the same time. each bot writes code while they review the others. they call themselves "AI vampires" because they've stopped sleeping. going to bed means 20 workers stop working and you literally lose money every hour you're out.
17. the obvious next step: the bots will start running their own bots. one human in charge of 20 bots, each in charge of 20 more bots. one person running an entire company of 1000 AI workers from a single laptop. this is months away, not years.
My reply to someone considering starting a video game company:
The distribution of possible rewards for starting a video game company are generally not very good today. The market is well served, and gaining a foothold requires strong execution on both business and product issues, along with a substantial amount of luck. Plan to burn through seven figures with a not-great chance of making it back.
If you do go for it, some bits of advice:
Identify your customers clearly before you start. Not just a broad community, but specific people, and imagine them as you make decisions.
Initially, build the smallest, most concise game you can imagine anyone paying for. It will still take much longer than you expect.
Once something exists, hill-climb the value. Hopefully you will have some elements that clearly bring joy to people, which you can magnify. There will inevitably be tons of things that people find confusing, frustrating, or just boring that you will need to fix.
Codex 0.130.0 is released.
Highlights:
- Added `codex remote-control` as a simpler entrypoint for starting a headless, remotely controllable app-server.
- Plugin details now show bundled hooks; plugin sharing exposes link metadata and discoverability controls.
- App-server clients can page large threads with unloaded, summary, or full turn item views.
- Bedrock auth can now use AWS console-login credentials from aws login profiles.
Complete details in thread ↓
On the 20th of April 1991, Super Robot Wars was released for the Gameboy. A simply strategy game with Gundam, Mazinger & Getter Robo series would go on to be a long running franchise featuring multiple Mecha IPs across multiple gaming platforms.
Happy 35th Anniversary SRW 🎉
This is a much bigger deal than most people realize. If you don't know why, let me explain.
Agents perform "work" right now by calling "tools". These are just pieces of context shoved into the context window saying "if you think you the next thing you should do falls into one of these categories, then respond with this format" — that format is the "tool" a JSONSchema response which a harness then uses to call a function.
MCP, is best thought of as a way to shove more tools and context into your context window (it has a lot of shortcomings imo). The agent then has to pick which tool out of all the available tools it should call. So the more tools you have, the worse it selects the tools.
@threepointone and @KentonVarda have an excellent article (https://t.co/brec28Wsmm) where they introduced the idea of exposing the MCP tools as an SDK, so to call tools and compose them, the AI just does what it is ALREADY good at: write some code.
The question, as always, is where do you run that code safely. Many have proposed sandboxes and containers as a possible solution, but these are hella slow and make the experience untenable.
Thats what makes this announcement SO important, it allows you to run agent-written code in a matter of milliseconds with the explicit execution environment you specify pulled in (like a database, kv store, etc. Cloudflare calls these "bindings" btw).
In practice, this means people can start building MUCH more effective agents that can *do* a lot more, because they can be exposed to more tools.
Anyway, huge deal. Congrats to the CF team.
Anthropic fucking killed it (again). biggest ai product launch of the year so far.
claude can now control your entire computer autonomously. anything you can do on a computer - claude can. your very own digital employee.
- any app, browser, file, spreadsheet, tool claude can intelligently access and operate.
- claude controls your entire screen (like a human), no connectors. this is a huge step-up in intelligence.
- best part: you can text claude to do things from your phone and it'll do work on your computer!
- in the last week anthropic has shipped 9 features that have built up to this: a fully automated digital human.
unreal