Vinay Kumar

Connecting talent to opportunities. All views are personal

[Vinay Kumar @vinayrkr]

#careers Changing jobs is such a mentally draining process. Identifying target companies, searching for open jobs, applying, interviewing, negotiating, validating (ref checking) n finally making sure you’re joining a good manager. No easy way way out for this, or is there any?

[Narendra Modi @narendramodi]

Nothing is more important than the welfare and future of our youth!

We have decided to set up fast-track courts to ensure swift and stringent punishment for those involved in paper leaks. Have directed the concerned authorities and officials to take all necessary steps in this regard. This continues our series of steps for safeguarding the interests of students.

Those who try to harm the future of our youth will not be spared.

देश के युवाओं का हित और उनका भविष्य हमारी सर्वोच्च प्राथमिकता है।

पेपर लीक के सभी मामलों में दोषियों को जल्द से जल्द कठोर दंड देने के लिए, केस के त्वरित निस्तारण के लिए फास्ट ट्रैक कोर्ट्स का गठन किया जाएगा। इस संबंध में निर्देश दे दिए गए हैं कि संबंधित विभाग आवश्यक कार्रवाई सुनिश्चित करें।

विद्यार्थियों के हितों को सुरक्षित करने के लिए, सरकार द्वारा लिए जा रहे निर्णयों की श्रृंखला में ये एक महत्वपूर्ण कदम है।

युवाओं के भविष्य के साथ खिलवाड़ करने वाले किसी भी व्यक्ति को बख्शा नहीं जाएगा।

[Parimal @Fintech03]

If an Indian startup/defense firm wants to build rocket engines/satellite parts/surgical implants/advanced drone components, they need sub-micron precision metal parts made from heavy-duty alloys like Titanium & Inconel.

Historically, the ultra-precise 5-axis CNC machines required to carve these complex 3D parts had to be imported from countries like Germany/Japan/Switzerland at astronomical costs. To make matters worse, foreign suppliers face tight export controls on high-precision machining tech due to its dual-use potential in defense/missiles.

India had the engineering talent to design hardware, but was held back by a reliance on imported tooling & machining infrastructure.

A not so known startup Ethereal Machines is doing genuinely game-changing work for Indian deeptech & manufacturing, operating in a sector that rarely gets flashy headline attention compared to consumer tech.

Founded by Kaushik Mudda & Navin Jain out of RVCE in BLR, they hit on a fundamental bottleneck that was quietly crippling India’s hardware, aerospace & defense ecosystem.

Instead of just buying machines, Ethereal built their own multi-axis CNC machines from the ground up in India including their proprietary hardware, mechanics & complex CNC controller software. 🙏🙏

They built flagship proprietary machines like Halo, Aura & Nimbus that deliver sub 10 micron precision allowing intricate metal geometries to be carved in a single setup w/o manually repositioning the raw block.

Their early breakthrough was combining 3D printing (adding material) & multi-axis CNC milling (carving material away) into a single machine platform.

Instead of just selling machines, they run a massive 50K+ sq ft Smart Factory in Peenya, BLR operating 24/7. Startups in spacetech, drone tech, semiconductor equipment & medical devices can upload CAD designs & get aerospace-grade precision components delivered in days instead of months, cutting customer lead times by ~40%.

They became the 1st Indian company to win a CES "Best of Innovation" Award in Las Vegas for their hybrid manufacturing tech.

By controlling both the hardware & the software behind multi-axis machining, they give India's spacetech & defense ecosystem a local manufacturing fallback that cannot be disrupted by global supply chain shocks/export bans.

Top-tier deeptech investors like Peak XV Partners, Blume Ventures & Avataar Ventures backed them with major Series A & B funding rounds to set up a massive 300K sq. ft. mega-factory outside BLR.

Most people think of "Indian tech" as SaaS apps/fintech/q-com, Ethereal Machines is doing the heavy, unglamorous lifting, building the physical machine tools required to manufacture the rockets, drones, medical implants & chips of tomorrow right inside India. 🙏🙏

[Revolutionary Monk @RevolutionMonk]

How far would you go for justice for your brother?
Sacrifice your entire youth, walk away from your dreams, and give up your life fighting a system that refuses to listen?

This is the heartbreaking story of Sreejith from Kerala.

His younger brother Sreejeev, just 24 and deeply in love, was arrested on a fake mobile theft case, simply because the girl was related to a local cop. He entered Parassala police station alive and came out in a body bag.

Police called it “suicide by hiding pesticide in his underwear.” His broken body screamed custodial torture.

A poor family from Kerala — father long gone, mother Ramani dependent on her sons — was shattered. Sreejith vowed: “I will not let them bury my brother as a suicide case.”

He packed a plastic tarp and walked to the Kerala Secretariat. For over 700 days he lived on the pavement through hunger strikes, scorching summers, and freezing monsoons. He became a living skeleton. His mother watched her only remaining son wither away.

In 2018, #JusticeForSreejith went viral. Youth, media, and celebrities joined the chorus. Under massive pressure, the CBI was forced in. After 782 days of protest, Sreejith folded his tent with tears of hope.

Then came the ultimate betrayal. The CBI submitted a report that blindly copied the police narrative — “suicide.” The system protected its own.

Public memory faded. Media moved on. But the fire in Sreejith didn’t die. His mental health crumbled under a decade of psychological war, yet he returned to the lonely pavement.

In late 2024, they arrested him after a scuffle and the corporation demolished his protest site. Now in 2026, out of jail, this ordinary citizen is walking across India on foot with posters, still demanding justice for his murdered brother. There’s a high chance you’ll meet him pushing his cart with banners somewhere in India.

No one is interested. Media isn’t bothered. Politicians, celebrities, and ordinary citizens seem indifferent. An ordinary man has cried for justice for 12+ years, through protests, strikes, and unimaginable pain. and the system simply erases him.

Meanwhile, the “Cockroach Party” and Sonam Wangchuk get wall-to-wall coverage, instant hype, and millions in apparent foreign funding to pay content creators, boost visibility, and rally politicians and celebrities. Courts rush for urgent hearings and even call for central government intervention.

But a poor brother fighting 12+ years for his murdered sibling? He has neither the money nor the powerful connections to manufacture such support. So he walks alone with placards across India, hoping the system and the government will finally open their eyes so he may get justice one day.

The poor don’t get justice in India, they just get erased.

#JusticeForSreejeev #JusticeForSreejith

[Skyroot Aerospace @SkyrootA]

ORBIT ACHIEVED. 🚀

Vikram-1 Test Flight-1 has reached orbit. India's first privately developed orbital rocket has completed its final burn and injected its payloads into a ~450 km orbit, making India the third country in the world with private orbital launch capability.

History is made. 🇮🇳

#Vikram1 #JourneyToOrbit #SkyrootAerospace

[Mira Murati @miramurati]

Our first model, Inkling. Trained from scratch, weights are open, fine-tunable on Tinker today.

[Malay Krishna @Malay4Product]

The tablet has no idea where your pain is. It goes everywhere.

So why does your headache go away and your elbow not go numb?

Because of locks and keys.

Let me explain how this works.

You swallow a tablet. It hits your stomach. It breaks apart. The drug gets absorbed, mostly through the small intestine, and enters your blood.

Now your blood takes it to every corner of you. Your brain. Your knees. Your toes. Your liver. All of it. There is no GPS in there hunting for the sore spot.

Now, let's talk about locks and keys.

Every drug molecule has a shape. Your cells have proteins with shapes too. If the drug fits into that protein, something happens. If it does not fit, nothing happens and the drug just floats past.

So the drug goes everywhere, but it only does something where it fits.

Now the pain part.

When you have a headache, or you twist your ankle, or you get a fever, your body makes chemicals called prostaglandins. These do two jobs.

They make your nerve endings extra sensitive, so small signals feel like big pain. And they tell your brain to raise your body temperature.

Prostaglandins are made by an enzyme called COX.

Painkillers jam the COX enzyme. Less COX working, fewer prostaglandins, less pain and less fever.

Your ankle is still injured. Nothing has been healed. Your body has just stopped shouting about it as loudly.

Now the difference between the two tablets in your medicine box.

Ibuprofen and similar drugs block COX all over, including right at the injured tissue. That is why they bring the swelling down. It is also why they can wreck your stomach. The same enzyme makes the mucus that protects your stomach lining. Block it everywhere, and your stomach loses some of its shield.

Paracetamol works mainly up in the brain and spinal cord, not much at the injury site. That is exactly why it kills pain and fever but does almost nothing for swelling.

Now, Paracetamol was first made in 1893. Billions of people have taken it. And we still do not fully understand how it works.

Scientists have several theories. That it blocks a COX variant in the brain. That the liver turns it into a chemical called AM404 which acts on your pain pathways. That it works through serotonin, or the same receptors that cannabis acts on.

Papers are still being published on this. In 2026.

A tablet you can buy for two rupees at any chemist in India, and the mechanism is still an open question.

Now, the journey itself has one big detail the video skips.

Everything you swallow goes to your liver first.

Blood from your gut does not go straight into circulation. It goes through the liver first. The liver treats every drug like a stranger and starts breaking it down.

So a decent chunk of your tablet is destroyed before it ever reaches your bloodstream properly.

That is why the swallowed dose of a drug is much bigger than the injected dose of the same drug. The pill is written to survive the liver toll.

It also explains every other form medicine comes in.

An injection skips the stomach and the liver toll and works in minutes. A tablet you put under your tongue, like the one heart patients carry, gets absorbed straight into blood vessels in your mouth and bypasses the liver completely, which is why it works in seconds. An inhaler drops the drug directly into the lungs where you need it. A cream stays mostly on the skin.

And this is why doctors get annoyed when people crush tablets.

Some tablets have a coating that survives stomach acid and only opens in the intestine. Crush it, and the acid destroys the drug.

Some are made to leak slowly over 12 hours. Crush that, and you have just dumped an entire day's dose into your body in one go.

That is not a small mistake. People have died from that.

One more thing worth knowing, because it affects Indians a lot.

Paracetamol has a smaller safety gap than people assume. Too much of it damages your liver, and paracetamol overdose is one of the biggest causes of sudden liver failure in the world.

Most cold and flu combination powders and tablets already contain paracetamol. People take one of those, then take a Crocin on top because the fever is not going.

Please read the box. It is the most underrated health habit in this country.

[Aakash Gupta @aakashgupta]

Apple just sued OpenAI, and the wildest part is how they got caught: one candidate screenshotted confidential Apple files on his Apple work laptop hours before his OpenAI interview. Apple reads its own server logs. The recruiting pipeline generated its own evidence trail.

The complaint says OpenAI's hardware chief Tang Tan, a 24-year Apple veteran, directed candidates still employed at Apple to bring "actual parts" (batteries, logic boards) to interviews for show and tell sessions. One candidate was surprised, saying he didn't even know you could take those out of the office.

Apple also alleges Tan circulated an internal Apple offboarding document to coach new hires on dodging exit security checks, and that a departing engineer kept his Apple laptop, found a bug that still gave him access to Apple's cloud storage, and downloaded dozens of confidential hardware files after joining OpenAI.

Then the supplier: OpenAI allegedly got one of Apple's manufacturing partners to demonstrate a proprietary metal finishing technique by letting the partner believe Apple had approved it.

Over 400 former Apple employees now work at OpenAI. Apple says it flagged all of this to OpenAI in February and never got a response. Five months later, it filed.

The ask reveals the strategy. Apple wants an injunction barring OpenAI from using the secrets, the return of every file, and full discovery into io, right as OpenAI preps its first device launch and an IPO. If a judge grants it, OpenAI may have to prove the device was built clean, component by component, before it ships.

The device was supposed to run on the world's best hardware talent. Now its bill of materials is evidence.

[Andrew Ng @AndrewYNg]

“Loop engineering” is a hot buzzphrase after mentions of it by Boris Cherny (Claude Code’s creator) and Peter Steinberger (OpenClaw's creator) went viral on social media. Loops are now a key part of how we get AI agents to iterate at length to build software. In this letter, I’d like to share my 3 key loops, shown in the image below, for building 0-to-1 products. These loops guide not just how I build software, but also how I decide what software to build.

Agentic coding loop: Given a product specification and optionally a set of evals (that is, a dataset against which to measure performance), we can have an AI agent write code, test its work, and keep iterating until the code is bug-free and meets its specification. This idea of closing the loop took off around the end of last year, and it has been a game changer in enabling coding agents to work longer productively without human intervention. For example, over the weekend, I was building an app for my daughter to practice typing, and my coding agent could easily work for around an hour, using a web browser to check what it had built multiple times before getting back to me, without needing my intervention.

The engineering loop executes quickly. Every few minutes, the coding agent might build and test a new version of the software. I hear frequently from developers who are finding new ways to engineer more effective engineering loops. This is an active area of invention!

Developer feedback loop: In this loop, a developer examines the current product and steers the coding agent to improve it. Last year, a lot of developers (including me) were acting as the QA (quality assurance) function for our coding agents, manually finding bugs and then asking the agent to fix them. But with coding agents much more able to test their own code, the amount of time we need to spend on this function has decreased significantly. This allows us to make higher-level product decisions, such as what key features to offer, where the UI needs improvement, and so on.

The developer-feedback loop operates over time intervals between tens of minutes and hours — that's how frequently a developer might review a product and give feedback. In the case of the typing app, I changed my mind a few times about the visual design, what cat costumes she can unlock as she learns (she loves cats), and the user flow for a grown-up to log in and steer the child's learning experience.

When a developer has a clear vision for what to build, it is still a lot of work to translate that vision into a specification for a coding agent to implement. Further, after the developer has seen an implementation, they might update (or perhaps clarify) the spec to steer it toward what they want. If you find that the system repeatedly runs into certain problems, building a set of evals for the agent becomes useful.

AI-native teams are increasingly using AI to help shape product direction, for example, automating the gathering and analysis of usage data, summarizing written and verbal customer feedback, or carrying out competitive analysis. However, for pretty much all the products I’m involved in, I see humans as having a significant context advantage over current AI systems — we know a lot more than the AI system about the users and the context the product has to operate in — and thus humans play a critical role. Many people describe this human contribution as “taste,” but I prefer to think of it as humans having a context advantage, since that gives us a clearer path to helping AI systems get better. This also speaks to why this step can’t be automated: So long as the human knows something the AI does not, human-in-the-loop is needed to to inject that knowledge into the system.

External feedback loop: This includes a wide range of tactics like asking a few friends for feedback, launching to alpha testers, or putting the code into production with A/B testing. These tactics are usually slow, rarely taking less than hours and sometimes taking days or even weeks. This data informs the developer vision, which in turn continues to drive the detailed product spec, which in turn drives the coding agent.

With coding agents speeding up software development, more engineers are starting to play a partial product management role. For many engineers who are growing into this role, the hardest part is shaping the product vision and striking a balance between building (bridging the gap between vision and spec) and getting user feedback to evolve the vision. It is important to do both!

I will write more about how to do this in future posts, but for now, I find it encouraging that engineers are playing an expanded role (just as product managers and designers now do more engineering).

[Original text: The Batch]

[Sahil Bloom @SahilBloom]

A mentor told me this: Learn the difference between peace and avoidance. Peace is choosing not to fight battles that don’t matter. Avoidance is refusing to face the battles that do. Real wisdom is having awareness of which one you’re doing in the moment. I’ll never forget that.

[Vishal Sikka @vsikka]

Hello World!

I'm excited to share the launch of Hang Ten Systems, a new endeavor to help enterprises thrive in the age of AI.

AI is upon us all like a massive new wave. And I learned a long time ago that when there are big waves around, it is time to surf. Not just to surf, but to hang ten — to master the wave so well that you can walk all the way to the front of the board and hang your ten toes off the front.

Hang Ten is already helping some of the world's biggest and most important enterprises — like Fresenius, Siemens Energy and others — hang ten on the biggest wave of our lifetimes. Our dream is to help enterprises not just transform with AI, but use it as a force to do what no one could do before.

We're backed by a remarkable group. Mayfield leads our round; @NavinChaddha and I were students together at @Stanford and always looked for an excuse to work together. They are joined by @aramcoventures, the strategic venturing arm of Saudi @Aramco, one of the world's largest companies and a key leader in energy and infrastructure, as well as some of Silicon Valley's best-known angels. And I'm privileged that Jerry Yang — also a friend since Stanford — serves on our board. Building Hang Ten with me is the core team I've worked alongside for years: @navinb, @sanjaypaloalto, Tao Liu, Frank Yu, Pradeep Panicker, Yusuf Safdari and ten other big wave surfers.

Over time I'll share more about Hang Ten and our work. For now I'll say only this: I have seen, firsthand, the dramatic things AI delivers for the people and teams who somehow just know what to do with it — I have watched them, and myself, reach in minutes what could take teams years of toil. And I have seen the far greater number who get none of it, and who often end up causing harm instead. In that gap lies the biggest opportunity of our time.

It is time to ride this wave. If you're a surfrider — someone who lights up at the chance to help businesses solve the hardest problems they face — write to us ([email protected])!

— Vishal

[Parimal @Fintech03]

We are not gasifying coal to generate electricity. Burning coal for electricity is cheap; gasifying coal to produce power is economically unviable.

This whole scheme is designed to turn coal into Syngas: a mixture of CO + H2 . The foundational building block for urea, ammonia, methanol & synthetic natural gas (SNG). Right now, we spend ~₹3 lakh cr annually importing these critical industrial chemicals & natural gas.

If global geopolitical supply chains snap, our agricultural sector which depends heavily on imported urea & fertilizer collapses. The govt is using its 5th largest global coal reserve to insulate its agricultural & chemical supply chains from foreign shocks.

[Vinay Kumar @vinayrkr]

@Fintech03 I have been following your thoughtful posts. It will certainly be a great opportunity to meet you

[kris gopalakrishnan @kris_sg]

IIT Madras brain centre releases the world’s most detailed 3D atlas of human brainstem at cell resolution https://t.co/peJwpGt4Yi @iitmadras

[The Seeker @TheSeeker268]

India just launched a flagship scheme to recruit top Indian-origin researchers living abroad and bring them back to India to conduct high impact, cutting-edge research. The scheme offers research grants, relocation support, and access to advanced research infrastructure.

📅 Last Date: July 15, 2026

[IIT Bombay @iitbombay]

AI that thinks in India's own languages.

IIT Bombay is proud to present BharatGen to the world: Open, multilingual AI for India's languages and people, at Bharat Innovates 2026 in Nice, France (14–16 June).

BharatGen is built at IIT Bombay's Department of Computer Science and Engineering, led by Prof. Ganesh Ramakrishnan, with Rishi Bal (CEO) and Dr. Maneesh Singh (VP, ML) with a consortium of 9 premier academic institutions. A team of 60+ researchers, engineers and linguists are building AI that includes all scheduled Indian languages, across text, speech and documents.

-> Param2, its foundational text model with reasoning, coding, and tool calling capabilities works across all 22 scheduled Indian languages

-> Shrutam2, for automatic multilingual speech recognition/ STT across Indian languages

-> Sooktam2, a text-to-speech models with zero-shot voice cloning across Indian languages

-> Patram, a document vision model built for understanding Indian-specific documentation

BharatGen powers services in governance, healthcare, education, insurance, finance, and cultural preservation.

A national effort backed by DST and the IndiaAI Mission, BharatGen is India's push for open, homegrown AI, built for 1.4 billion people.

For more information, visit https://t.co/bZul5Lr3yC

Bharat Innovates 2026 · 14 - 16 June · Nice, France

@BharatInnov2026 @EduMinOfIndia

#BharatInnovates2026 #IITBombay #BharatGen #DeepTech

[Parimal @Fintech03]

https://t.co/tR8nqTMESN

[Sahil Bloom @SahilBloom]

Everyone needs to hear this…

The Empty Boat Mindset

(a visual thread)

[Aaron Levie @levie]

Great post. The companies that are able to get their unique IP, institutional knowledge, and data into a format and architecture that lets them capture all of the gains and progress in AI are going to be in the best position in the future.

“the real opportunity is not in picking the best model but instead in building a learning loop on top of models where human capital and token capital compound. You can offload a task, or even a job, but you can never offload your learning. The future of the firm is the ability to compound that learning across people and AI.

This requires a new architectural approach where every business is able to build agentic systems that improve over time, while still retaining control over their IP. A company should be able to switch out a “generalist” model without losing the “company veteran” expertise built into their learning system.”

We’re all collectively figuring out the right architecture for the future of AI. But it’s clear that so much of the power and value will accrue to wherever can best leverage any AI system against their information. This is also why the applied AI layer will also gain so much value over the coming years.

[Satya Nadella @satyanadella]

https://t.co/vLmiBKTtX3

[Parimal @Fintech03]

https://t.co/iPg58qcmIG