Vignesh Ramanujam

Co-founder & CEO, The Happy Company.
fmr partner @lokcapital. alum @UWCSEA @terradotdo. tech, econ, life, happiness.

[Vignesh Ramanujam @vigneshramanuja]

Business is taught. Entrepreneurship is learned.

[Vignesh Ramanujam @vigneshramanuja]

One of my favourite companies, and favourite founders :)

[ranjan_raj @ranjan_vittal]

Today, I'm thrilled to announce Pramaana's $27M seed, led by @khoslaventures.
The foundational domains that hold the world together: tax, law, finance, healthcare; all run on certainty. Probabilistic AI can't give them that. We’ve been asked to accept wrong answers with AI as ‘hallucinations’, while in traditional software terms, it’s just a bug. And a wrong answer in such mission-critical domains is more than just a bug, it's a liability that could have catastrophic impact.

We built Pramaana to deliver a 100% trustable experience to the domains that run on certainty: AI that is provably correct, not probabilistically correct. We turn statute and regulation into machine-verifiable code, so every output ships with mathematical proof of correctness. Our mission is to make AI take ownership of it’s work.
Pramaana in Sanskrit stands for “means of valid knowledge”, and we’re going to achieve that by formalizing the world’s knowledge.

[The FV Summit @fv_summit]

Join the room where AI stops saying 'Sorry' !

Hear from the industry's best minds speak on the problem and possibilities of verification in AI.

It's time to verify AI !

@khoslaventures @PramaanaLabs @boldcapfund

[Molly O’Shea @MollySOShea]

ICYMI: Chapter (@askchapter) Raised $100M Series E at a $3B Valuation Led By Al Gore’s Generation Investment Management

- 2X valuation <1 year
- Total funding ~$285M
- 3x revenue growth in 2025, surpassing $100M in ARR
- "Past 4 rounds have been preempted"

Founded by @CobiBGantz, Chapter is building the leading AI retirement platform.

New investors: Fifth Down Capital & @8vc
Existing investors: Stripes, XYZ VC (@fubini), Addition, Narya Capital (@JDVance), @SusaVentures, & Maverick Ventures.

PS - Cobi also shares key lessons from Palantir about talent density.. including @ssankar's “hamburger rule.”

00:00 Big Funding Announcement
00:18 How Al Gore Joined
01:01 Bipartisan Backing
01:19 JD Vance Investor Era
01:48 Total Raised & Valuation
02:00 Vision for Retirees
02:53 What Makes Chapter Different
04:16 Hot Take: Healthcare > Defense
04:59 LA Medicare Fraud Explained
06:13 Cutting Waste in Medicare
07:05 Palantir Talent Lessons
08:10 Hamburger Rule Wisdom
09:19 Looking Ahead This Year

[Vignesh Ramanujam @vigneshramanuja]

@HariPyt @narayananh @Pickyourtrail

[Vignesh Ramanujam @vigneshramanuja]

@narayananh @HariPyt @Pickyourtrail Moneymoon

[Vignesh Ramanujam @vigneshramanuja]

🚀🚀🚀 @khushhhi_

[khushi @khushhhi_]

Aspera Industries was born from a frustration and a single lingering question: why are airplanes not built in India? 🧵

Grateful to @RahulSanghi1 and @AaryamanVir for helping me bring a voice to this mission. Link to the full piece below!

[khushi @khushhhi_]

Read the full piece to see how the nationalization of Air India and the reforms of 1991 shaped where we are today — and why this might finally be India’s moment to build its own airplanes.
https://t.co/C8bkSz3lqh

[Andrej Karpathy @karpathy]

I took delivery of a beautiful new shiny HW4 Tesla Model X today, so I immediately took it out for an FSD test drive, a bit like I used to do almost daily for 5 years. Basically... I'm amazed - it drives really, really well, smooth, confident, noticeably better than what I'm used to on HW3 (my previous car) and eons ahead of the version I remember driving up highway 280 on my first day at Tesla ~9 years ago, where I had to intervene every time the road mildly curved or sloped. (note this is v13, my car hasn't been offered the latest v14 yet)

On the highway, I felt like a passenger in some super high tech Maglev train pod - the car is locked in the center of the lane while I'm looking out from Model X's higher vantage point and its panoramic front window, listening to the (incredible) sound system, or chatting with Grok. On city streets, the car casually handled a number of tricky scenarios that I remember losing sleep over just a few years ago. It negotiated incoming cars in tight lanes, it gracefully went around construction and temporarily in-lane stationary cars, it correctly timed tricky left turns with incoming traffic from both sides, it gracefully gave way to the car that went out of order in the 4-way stop sign, it found a way to squeeze into a bumper to bumper traffic to make its turn, it overtook the bus that was loading passengers but still stopped for the stop sign that was blocked by the bus, and at the end of the route it circled around a parking lot, found a spot and... parked. Basically a flawless drive.

For context, I'm used to going out for a brief test drive around the neighborhood to return with 20 clips of things that could be improved. It's new for me to do just that and exactly like I used to, but come back with nothing. Perfect drive, no notes. I expect there's still more work for the team in the long march of 9s, but it's just so cool to see that we're beyond finding issues on any individual ~1 hour drive around the neighborhood, you actually have to go to the fleet and mine them. Back then, I processed the incredible promise of vehicle autonomy at scale (in the fully scaleable, vision only, end-to-end Tesla way) only intellectually, but now it is possible to feel it intuitively too if you just go out for a drive. Wait, of course surround video stream at 60Hz processed by a fully dedicated "driving brain" neural net will work, and it will be so much better and safer than a human driver. Did anyone else think otherwise?

I also watched @aelluswamy 's new ICCV25 talk last week (https://t.co/RdaM23kvez) that hints at some of the recent under the hood technical components driving this progress. Sensor streams (videos, maps, kinematics, audio, ...) over long contexts (e.g. ~30 seconds) go into a big neural net, steering/acceleration comes out, optionally with visualization auxiliary data. This is the dream of the complete Software 1.0 -> Software 2.0 re-write that scales fully with data streaming from millions of cars in the fleet and the compute capacity of your chip, not some engineer's clever new DoubleParkedCarHandler C++ abstraction with undefined test-time characteristics of memory and runtime. There's a lot more hints in the video on where things are going with the emerging "robotics+AI at scale stack". World reconstructors, world simulators "dreaming" dynamics, RL, all of these components general, foundational, neural net based, how the car is really just one kind of robot... are people getting this yet?

Huge congrats to the team - you're building magic objects of the future, you rock! And I love my car <3.

[Prasanna S @myprasanna]

I’m excited to launch today: 0xPPL 2.0 - something I’ve poured a lot of my life energy into. It’s a crypto superapp for all things onchain.

I previously co-founded https://t.co/6A5C7eWaTs (worth $10B+), a B2B SaaS superapp. 0xPPL is backed by top angels including, @balajis @alliancedao @peakxvpartners @anagramxyz @wagmi_vc @Decentralisedco @Joel_john @toly @rajgokal @sreeramkannan @akshaybd @sandeepnailwal @Hassan_NY @suji_yan @aniket_jindal08

Web3 is the future of the internet and the trends on these are strong, measured by growth in number of users, revenues, chains or apps. The biggest problem in crypto today is fragmentation. That the users' funds get dispersed and stuck inside these apps across diff chains. The user has to navigate so many diff websites, such as bridges and swap pages to be able to manage his funds and it’s easy to lose track of.

0xPPL is here to solve that.

We index all the blockchains and locate your assets not only inside of the chain, but also inside of smart contracts. We are a full fledged wallet where you can see and manage these funds in one place. No more thinking about gas per chain - we run a gas tank for you. To allow you to withdraw/unstake your funds from within a smart contract, we use LLMs to generate AI adaptors - thankfully crypto is open-source and easy to simulate – LLMs are getting great at interacting with these open back-ends.

Crypto is a very fast moving space and most teams here build something quick and see if it sticks. We deliberately take the opposite approach - to lay out deep engineering on the longer term future vs trying to catch the next narrative. The fragmentation of chains and apps is only going to explode. A universal front-end is both very useful and also for the first time possible due to the intersection of LLM code generation and open crypto backend rails.

0xPPL is a wallet, a portfolio tracker, a bridge, an app store, a community and so much more.

[Karan Goel @krandiash]

We've raised $100M from Kleiner Perkins, Index Ventures, Lightspeed, and NVIDIA.

Today we're introducing Sonic-3 - the state-of-the-art model for realtime conversation.

What makes Sonic-3 great:
- Breakthrough naturalness - laughter and full emotional range
- Lightning fast -

[Sridhar Vembu @svembu]

I just came back from Independence Day celebrations in our Kalaivani Kalvi Maiyam school, filled with cultural programs, patriotic songs, sweets and (mercifully for students!) a short speech where I told our students that preserving our hard-won independence means working hard to master Mathematics and Science and how those subjects connect to drones, advanced materials, AI, fighter jets and software. I told them they must emulate our beloved former President Abdul Kalam-ji as a scientist.

Jai Hind. Bharat Mata ki Jai. 🙏

[Vignesh Ramanujam @vigneshramanuja]

@anuatluru False. There are also consistently brilliant people who don’t need to “brute force” anything, because they’ve learned to do the one thing that both the other types of people have not—Focus.

[Sneha Chandak @snehachandak24]

Hello people of X!

Meet Vezzo - a modern shoe brand built from the ground up in India. Design-first, comfort as default, and made for the most usable part of your wardrobe. Launching soon.

https://t.co/dWkTr48u9y

[Sridhar Vembu @svembu]

Socialism means the government redistributing economic resources. The whole "compassion" argument is a smokescreen for expanding government power over economic resources.

It has failed spectacularly everywhere it has been tried, including the version tried in India.

The Indian constitution was altered during the Emergency to force "socialism" on us. We have to undo this.

[Naval @naval]

Socialism is the suicide pact of mediocrity.

[Hiten Shah @hnshah]

Distribution Is the Hard Part

Most founders think the hard part is building the product. It’s not.

The hard part is getting anyone to care.

You can build something great. It can solve a real problem. It can even be timed perfectly. But if no one notices, it dies.

This is where most founders get stuck. They think the job is to build. They think if they make something good enough, growth will take care of itself. That’s rarely how it works.

A product without distribution is like a secret. And most secrets never get out.

When founders talk about product/market fit, they often forget the middle part. The part where people actually have to find the thing. Try it. Tell someone else. Come back. And not just because the product is useful, but because they believe in it.

The truth is, most products don’t spread on their own. People spread them.

That means someone has to push. Someone has to tell the story in a way that makes other people want to be part of it. And that someone is usually the founder.

This is what founders don’t want to hear. That they can’t hide behind the product. That being technical or visionary or obsessed with design isn’t enough. That the work doesn’t stop when the code is deployed.

If you’re not doing the work to get attention, you’re betting on luck. And luck is not a strategy.

People say things like “focus on the problem” or “build something people want.” That’s good advice. But it’s not the whole picture. Because no matter how perfect your solution is, it won’t matter if people don’t know it exists.

Distribution is not a phase. It’s not a channel. It’s not a growth hack.

Distribution is belief. It’s the transfer of energy from the founder to the market. The best founders do it relentlessly. They don’t wait to be discovered. They create momentum.

The best ones know: the product is important, but getting people to care is what makes it real.

[Chris Pedregal @cjpedregal]

Say hello to Granola for iOS.

When we launched @meetgranola, we wanted to bring the magic of AI notetaking to your Zoom calls.

Today, we're bringing that magic to your in-person conversations.

Give it a try and let us know what you think!

[Paul Graham @paulg]

I like this image by @lehoho248.

[Vignesh Ramanujam @vigneshramanuja]

Because a lot of the big, profit-generating, cash-rich companies in India today were not founded on the basis of R&D. They’re trading businesses, not technology businesses—buy & sell vs. make & sell. That culture doesn’t prioritise this kind of investment because they have not yet come to believe in the ability of R&D and innovation to fundamentally generate large future free cash flows. :)

[Z Fellows @zfellows]

Peter Thiel explains why he always asks the startups he invests in: “What’s the salary of the CEO?”