Dan Z.

I tweet about AI, spatial computing

Indie Hacker, ML Engineer, Web3 trader, Private Pilot, Snowboard free-rider, PADI certified diver

[Justine Moore @venturetwins]

Me using Claude Opus 4.8 to rename a file

[Dan Z. @zssdan]

Execution is now abundant, the value shifted from doing to deciding. Five skills that become disproportionately important are:
(1) Judgment — choosing the right problem instead of solving low-value ones;
(2) Specification — turning ambiguity into the right level of clear constraints and instructions for humans and AI systems;
(3) Taste — knowing what products, features, or experiences are actually worth building;
(4) Ownership — driving outcomes end-to-end rather than waiting for tasks;
(5) Domain Expertise — understanding real-world constraints that generic AI models cannot easily infer.

[Boris Cherny @bcherny]

I'm Boris and I created Claude Code. I wanted to quickly share a few tips for using Claude Code, sourced directly from the Claude Code team. The way the team uses Claude is different than how I use it. Remember: there is no one right way to use Claude Code -- everyones' setup is different. You should experiment to see what works for you!

[Andrej Karpathy @karpathy]

The YouTube video I want to watch is any highly rated, 1hr long, information dense lecture on anything esoteric and the algorithm just doesn’t get it. It’s too content-driven and too narrow-minded

[Ruoming Pang @ruomingpang]

As Apple Intelligence is rolling out to our beta users today, we are proud to present a technical report on our Foundation Language Models that power these features on devices and cloud: https://t.co/TaAdd0fBOp. 🧵

[Dan Z. @zssdan]

@damengchen @damengchen I recommended https://t.co/peZHnRJAfZ to one of my friends who is using it for his aviation business. He was so happy with it but he recently stopped using it because his wife has an adobe subscription.

A distinct pricing structure might help?

[Stefan H. @shiienurm]

The most underrated iOS 18 feature #WWDC #WWDC24

[Dan Z. @zssdan]

@damengchen How so? They deploy their own models, both server side and on device. They also have fine-tuned LLM for specialized tasks.

[Sumit Kumar @TweetsOfSumit]

All the startups Apple killed today 🧵

#WWDC

[Marc Lou @marclou]

Yes, you can grow a startup with 0 followers and $0.

This is how I get 300 visitors a day from Google, for free, using programmatic SEO ↓

[Indie Hackers @IndieHackers]

Want to know how Google Search works?

Yesterday, over 14,000 Google ranking factors were leaked for everyone to see.

Here are the ones that are relevant to us as founders:

[Dan Z. @zssdan]

@jerryjliu0 Perplexity, Liner are dying.

[Dan Z. @zssdan]

@jerryjliu0 Google Search is killing Perplexity

[David Park @Davidjpark96]

How to go from 0 to $5M ARR profitably (step by step)

Here is every growth hack we used for each of our distribution channels:

- Organic Short-form content
- Influencer Marketing
- SEO
- Paid Ads

Organic Short-form content

The most important thing to remember in this new age of social media is that follower counts don’t matter at all

I would unironically sponsor a fresh account made this week vs a YouTuber with a million subs if they had similar views and I don’t even think it’s a controversial opinion

(especially when you consider that the famous YouTuber will charge you potentially 30x more for less results, but I would maybe even choose the new account if they were the same price)

The reason being that new accounts are highly volatile and if you put out a great engaging piece of content then it could easily go viral regardless of how many followers you have

But rather than finding and sponsoring these new accounts in your niche, you can just create these accounts yourself

You just need to follow this basic format:
1. Find a face for your account
2. Craft a viral video 'series'
3. Multiply your accounts

What would happen if BTS made a new TikTok account and started posting?

All videos on the new account would immediately go viral because the algo would push the videos back to their fans

Despite having zero followers, this new TikTok account will ‘behave’ as though it has hundreds of millions of followers

One great hack is to find someone who already has an audience of people that you know will convert, then ask them to create a completely new account to posts videos about your product

This is an amazing hack because creators are usually very open to this idea because it doesn’t dilute their main page, it’ll be way cheaper to pay for 20 videos on a new account every month vs 20 sponsored posts on their main account, and it’ll get way better results

For example we found a creator named Mengmengduck whose entire account at the time was teaching students how to write to employers and we paid him $4000 for 20 videos/mo

In our first month we got 7 million+ impressions, just as expected the videos on the brand new account were being pushed to the followers on his main account

When you get a new creator just follow this basic guideline:
- Repost vids on all platforms (Reels, TikTok, YT Shorts)
- Post 1+ videos per day
- Initially, post vids similar to what the influencer posts on their main account, then start experimenting with videos that feature your product
- We paid $4000/mo for MMD who had 500k followers, but you can get someone cheaper for similar results!

The entire goal when working with your creator is to find a viral “series” because a video that goes viral once will go viral again

You want a video that you can basically tweak slightly and repost multiple times a week that is still fun for the audience

Once you find a viral series, you can start creating new accounts but this time you don’t need to work with big creators, you can just find charismatic UGC creators because you’ve found content that is engaging and poised to go viral

Currently, we have about 5 different Jenni AI accounts all posting similar content

Many of our accounts have tens or sometimes just hundreds of followers and they just repost stuff from our main account

In some cases, the account with 48 followers gets MORE views than our main account with 55k followers...even when posting identical videos

Examples of viral series:
1. A guy tries to see how many sticks of spaghetti it takes to hold his weight. Then he tries to see how many coat hangers. Then he tries to use sheets of paper. Etc etc. All the same video, minimal effort but will go viral every time.

2. A guy drinks a cup of milk for every 1000 followers he has. Everyday it’s the same video where he drinks milk but people continually tune in because they want to see him suffer and drink hundreds of cups of milk. Will go viral every time.

3. For us we had “POV you have an essay due” and it was just a ridiculous plot of someone realising they have an essay due while they are taking a shit or right before they sleep or w/e and it always ended with them using Jenni AI to help them write their essay faster. Same video, slightly different 10 second intro each time.

Thinking of new viral video ideas are so hard, so just try to think of tweaking your few winning videos into “series” and just think about prolonging the lifespan of your content

The order of virality:
1. Have one account on each platform (TikTok, Instagram, YT shorts) and experiment with a ton of hooks and video ideas

2. Eventually you’ll get a video that goes viral after enough experimentation

3. Experiment and somehow turn that video into a “series”

4. Start tweaking and posting this “series” on multiple accounts

5. Translate and create the same video with creators that speak Chinese, Spanish, etc

6. Take the really mega-viral videos and sponsor other pages to repost them

7. Use the mega-viral content for paid ads

8. Eventually enough copycats will copy your video series and it’ll get played out and you restart at step 1

Our video series "POV: You have an essay due" has probably generated 300 million+ views overall

It was essentially the same video over and over, multiple times a week, yet they consistently went viral

That one video series made us over half a million dollars, and it was one of several video series’ that we were able to cook up

Influencer Marketing

Find influencers

- Go to your users' Instagram and see which influencers they are following. This should be easy if you’ve done user interviews correctly, if you have no social media handles of your users you should actually befriend your users and get to know them on a deeper level or you’re not going to make it

- Do this for several users and eventually you will find some influencers that are ‘popular’ among your target user demographic. Find these influencers and follow them all, it’s okay you only need 1-3

- Go to these influencer's profile and click "suggested similar accounts" and you'll get an easy list of hot leads that you can sponsor (you can continue to do this recursively for each new influencer that you find)

- Also, be sure to see what hashtags these influencers are using when they post and then follow those hashtags as well

- Once you have a list of influencers, create a new Instagram/TikTok account and manually follow & watch their videos all the way through and the algorithm will start automatically showing relevant influencers to you that you can then reach out to (this is a great way to lower the risk of getting scammed because the videos that show up organically on your FYP are less likely to be accounts that have bought followers/views)

- On your new account, you want to be on the hunt for smaller influencers, if a new-ish account has multiple videos with 100k+ views, it's absolute GOLD

- Once you have a list of influencers who you are ready to partner up with, you can begin reaching out to them

Reach out to influencers

- DMs > emails = higher response rate (at least for us)

- All messages need to be as detailed and tailored as possible, but most importantly as CONCISE as possible. This balance is hard but you’ll get a better feel for this as you notice what gets ignored and what doesn't

- Demonstrate that you’re genuinely a fan of their content and that you’re excited to partner up. This is such a low bar but few founders actually put in the effort.

- Why should they partner with you? Why will their audience love your product? Don’t talk about dumb shit like how many employees your company has or what round of fundraising you’re at (I suggest not talking about those vanity metrics in any situation, but I digress)

- Make sure to indicate somewhere in the message that this is obviously a PAID promotion, influencers are constantly inundated by people who are begging them for free shoutouts or weird affiliate partnerships

- Expect more than 50% of influencers to not respond, but this % is very volatile depending on what industry you’re in, and how cool/well-known your product is

- The good news is, as more influencers talk about your product it gets easier and easier to convince them to promote your product because they have heard of it before (unknown products could be risky or straight-up scams)

Negotiate

- The highest priority is to align the incentives between you and the influencer. You should both want a banger video that converts

- Never pay upfront for videos (pay half upfront at most). Most influencers are fantastic people but some influencers will just try and drop a half-ass video once they get their check

- Try to split the payment so that some % comes from the number of conversions that they bring (you can track this via coupon code or UTM link). If they don’t want to do that, try to at least have some affiliate bonus

- Ask for their viewer demographics see which countries are viewing their content and compare that with the conversion rates of those countries for your product

- See previous sponsored content that they’ve posted and see how those videos performed vs their usual content

- Negotiate the deal so that either they only receive some/all of the payment if it reaches a certain # of views (or a certain # of coupon code redemptions)

- Don’t listen to these absolute garbage articles that tell you to pay based on the number of subscribers/followers that they have. The sole question you should be asking is, will they convert or will they not (at least in the early stage of your startup).

Post content

- You can’t use a general content strategy for all of your influencer partnerships because each influencer has a certain type of content that their audience likes. Your content can’t deviate too far from it or else it will have terrible watch times and you’re basically paying for a dud

- If you don’t have experience with social media or making engaging content, just let the influencer make the video and then you approve it (after aligning your incentives, as we discussed in the last step)

- One important note is that views are irrelevant, we’ve had videos that got 30 MILLION views and gave us barely any conversions, whereas a video with 50k views converted like hotcakes. The video should make the viewers excited about what you’ve built not just have them hear what you made and then forget about it the second they scroll to the next video on their For You Page

-When in doubt, don’t be afraid of your video looking like a straight-up ad, even if it gets less views it will convert better than an influencer casually talking about your product for 15 seconds in a random “Day in the life” vlog

Final tips

- The biggest risk with influencer marketing is sponsoring a dead video or a video that gets a few hundred views or a few thousand views in low-converting countries. For that reason, make a portfolio of bets instead of hunting for the perfect deal. Do not allocate all of your marketing budget to a few large influencers

- If the account has high conversion potential, but the first video flops, don't be afraid to run it back again (often times you can get a better rate on the second video if the first video does poorly)

- You should be casting a large net and then doubling down on the winners and gathering data to get better at predicting which influencer would be great to sponsor

- One good influencer partnership can make up for several influencer partnerships with negative ROI

- The ultimate goal is to build out your influencer marketing arm and then bring on somebody to help run it so you can focus on other aspects of growth.

- You need to have all of your insights and data figured out so that when you bring somebody on, they can take your insights and devote all of their time to become even better than you are at influencer marketing.

SEO

SEO is a tricky one because it can take so long to see results

That’s why I would never start with SEO because in the early-stages you want fast feedback cycles and SEO is the furthest from it

But the flip side is, when you really need SEO, you probably should’ve started on it 6 months prior to that point

For that reason my ideal order of what growth channels I would focus on is: Organic Short-form -> Influencer Marketing -> Paid Ads

And at any point when I felt like I had a deep understanding of who my powers users were I would start work on SEO and do it concurrently with whatever growth channel I was working on at that point in time

Here are some growth hacks for when you do start SEO work:

1. Taking featured snippets

Sometimes you'll be ranking low on the first page, not getting much traffic. Pushing yourself to the top of the page can take a lot of effort and investment, but there's a way to get there almost immediately.
If the search term you're looking to rank for has a featured snippet, you can often easily take over the first spot by just tweaking your content to answer the query more precisely.

The chances are your content already answers the question well enough, but it's just not written in a way that Google realizes it. Use definitive phrases like "The answer is Yes, you can do X". Use bulleted or ordered lists to make the answer concise and clear.

To find these opportunities, you can plug your domain into a tool like Ahrefs, Semrush or Search Atlas and filter the keywords you are ranking for by the SERP containing a featured snippet.

To keep it simple:
* Plug your domain into SEO tool (ahrefs, semrush, searchatlas)
* Look at keywords you're ranking for already
* Filter results by the criteria of containing a featured snippet in the results
* Tweak your content to answer the query in the best way possible
* Jump from position 3-10 to 1

2. Increasing brand name searches
Brand searches helps legitimize your startup in Google’s eyes and will help your content be seen as “trustworthy”.

With this in mind, for your SEO you should be engaging in other marketing activities that necessitate brand searches.

To keep it simple:
* When doing organic social media marketing, encourage users to search out for your brand name instead of directly typing in the URL
* When doing paid social marketing, utilizing view-through or engaged-view conversions to still track conversions made via Google searches so you can still optimize the social campaigns while reaping the SEO benefit.

3. Make it easy for search engines to understand your website
Search engines have gotten a lot better at understanding messy websites, but that doesn't mean you shouldn't make it as easy as possible for them.

Adding schema to your pages and giving clear cut definitions to your content can make it incredibly clear to any bots crawling your site what your site is about and what it is doing.

The more the better, we've had a lot of limitations with this as we're using Framer and we've found some types of schema quite hard to implement. However, we've done what we can and any type of schema is better than nothing (as long as it's accurate)

To keep it simple:
* Add relevant schema to any page that is suitable
* Mark up your landing pages with FAQ data, mark up your blog posts with article data.

4. Accurately estimate your ROI from search engines
It's been a long time since Google allowed us to see which keywords led to conversions in Google Analytics, however it's super important to get as accurate of a picture as possible.

Many people will simply look at reports and anything under the "organic" or "search engines" column, they'll count as an SEO conversion. But that's simply not true, and it severely misinforms you.
By the nature of the tracking, it's impossible to differentiate between branded conversions and non branded conversions with SEO.

The closest we've been able to get to do this is with a custom tool, but you can replicate it manually as well
* Log into search console
* Select your time period
* Export your clicks for each query
* Remove all branded queries
* Go to your paid ads (preferably Google ads) platform and note down your conversion data.
* Slightly lower the conversion percentage (because paid typically converts better than organic, as you're bidding based on a lot of other targeting metrics too)
* Tally up all the clicks from search console
* Use the conversion percentage from paid ads (slightly lowered)
* Calculate the amount of conversions you have received from SEO (excluding brand)
* Times this by the average LTV of your customer

This is a much closer metric to reality than anything reported by any reporting software, especially if you have a lot of branded searches like us

Paid Ads

Founders will tell me their marketing strategy and marketing spend and sometimes I’ll be shocked

Many are going to end up spend a sizable portion of their entire investment on google/meta ads, and the worst part is they aren’t even acquiring users at a profit, which genuinely makes me nauseous

Especially in the early-stages, I honestly wouldn’t be burn ANY money on paid ads and only spend after some social media marketing first

This is because data is key when it comes to paid ads and you want as much accurate data as possible to feed into the ad platforms

The algorithms work very well, but they need data to make the right decisions, and you can get this data from other growth channels before starting paid ads

Why paid ads after influencer marketing and organic content:

1. From influencer partnerships and organic short-form you will have a bunch of creatives that you can work/experiment/rework for paid ads

2. You get valuable customer feedback in the comments of your posts (how do target users describe your product, what they compare it to, what they like/don’t like about your product) which can be leveraged for ad copy and positioning

3. You can use the data from your social media partnerships to have better targeting for your ads on day 1 (what countries convert better, what’s the LTV of each country, what types of users are ideal to market to, etc)

4. In early-stages your budget won’t be big enough and you won't be able to spend enough on Meta to get enough data for targeting based on purchase conversions

We only scaled paid ads after:
* PMF (Product Market Fit)
* 3x LTV to CAC (we pay less than $1 for every $3 you make from ads)
* Short payback period (we make back our money in less than 3 months)

Lastly, take special considerations of both the entire user journey and the landing page before you crank up adspend

If your landing page isn’t persuasive + effective it’ll not only get less conversions you will also pay more for each click. In Google it improves the relevancy score and in Meta it improves the quality ranking. An easy win is also just to speed up the loading time of your page, this can directly effect the quality score of your ads and will also lower spend per click

Again, do not do paid ads until later in your startup’s lifecycle

It requires a larger budget, more data, and typically has higher cost per acquisition than other channels that you can start with

I personally also think it’s just the most boring growth channel so don't deprive yourself of the joy of figuring out the other fun ones first haha

Conclusion + Final Tip:

For every level there is a new devil

As you scale up your paid ads, your cost per acquisition will continue to creep upwards

As you scale your influencer marketing you may actually run out of influencers to sponsor for your target user demographic

There’s always some content strategy that stops working on your social media accounts, or a random Google update that threatens to fuck your rankings

At each stage of scaling you’ll come across a myriad of issues that can only be solved by specialized knowledge and intense focus

Scaling to $5M ARR is too difficult for one man to do (unless you’re the Lisan Al Gaib of startups)

Now that you’ve read this entire guide you can just choose which growth channel to start with and throw your whole weight into it until you solve it and you can move to the next one

Once you start acquiring users profitably with that first growth channel, find someone who either has the skillset to take over or someone who you can train to take over

This is a critical step

To get to $5M ARR you need to know how to find, hire, and retain amazing talent

This could be an entire post on it’s own because hiring is so tricky, but I will say that I highly highly bias towards resiliency + speed over experience

Why do I care if a candidate has 15 years of digital marketing experience?

Half of our marketing work has to do with short-form content and you could’ve only become an expert in short-form (TikTok, Reels, YT Shorts) in the last 3 years anyways

A young marketer with TikTok brain rot who has a great work ethic will often times outperform the “established” digital marketing agency with a ton of fake google reviews

Today, our entire marketing team is just 3 people (me included), and I couldn’t have gotten anywhere close to $5M ARR without them

Thanks to my growth team composed of Justin and Luke who are rockstars at what they do and helped flesh out a lot of the strategies on this post

Since you’ve made it all the way to the bottom I’ll tell you one final secret

Look at the bottom right of this tweet and count the bookmarks

How many of those people will actually read this whole thing? 10%?

How many of them will then actually try to implement some of the strategies I wrote about here? 10% of the 10%?

How many of them will continue to try 1 year from now when these marketing tactics help them uncover deep flaws in their product? 1% of that?

This post will be read by hundreds of thousands of people but ultimately it will only be properly utilized by literally one or two of you

I hope you are that one person that I wrote this for and I hope you can go on a similar fantastical journey that I got to experience

Good luck!

[Dan Z. @zssdan]

So what's left for plus users?
#OpenAI

[John Rush @johnrushx]

I built 30 startups in 20 years.
VC-backed, Bootstrapped, Apps, SaaS, B2B, B2C.

75 mistakes I regret making:

1. Doing consumer apps.
The Failure rate here is 100x of b2b rates, nearly a lottery.

2. Raising VC money.
I felt like Marc Zuckerberg when we raised the first round. All journalists interviewing us. Felt like a dream.
Eventually, most of these startups failed by being funded too early.

3. Hiring too early.
Previously, startups took pride in large teams - a key sign of growth back then.
Founders should do most of the work until PMF.
Employees and contractors won't have enough love and passion for your project.

4. Ignoring SEO.
None of the people in my network did SEO. We all thought it was something for late and we kept postponing it forever.

5. Ignoring content marketing.
Never took blogging seriously. Big mistake.

6. Social Media Marketing.
This is my biggest regret. I started using twitter just a year ago. Got to 20k followers now. What if I started 20 years ago? Could I have 1M followers now? I think so.

7. Skipping idea validation.
I'd always assume for the audience. Anticipate what they need. It almost never turned out to be true.
My best projects were those I thought will fail and failed projects had my highest hopes at the start.

8. Hiring managers.
I haven't yet seen any useful manager in a startup.
They might be useful for corporations, but for startup I should have hired only doers.

9. Chasing Investors.
For every startup I'd spend 40% of my time fundraising.
I'd succeed in most of the cases, but at what cost?
I haven't done a single outreach to investors in 2 years, but I get VCs knocking my doors, because I have good traction and they search for such projects daily.

10. Hiring specialized of developers.
There is nothing less efficient than a team of specialized developers for a startup.
Today I have 1 fullstack dev doing 5x more progress on a project than a team of 12 back then.
Avoid "teams" at all cost.

11. Hiring people I don't wanna hug.
My cofounder, an old Danish man said this to me in 2015. If you don’t wanna hug the person, it means you dislike them on a chemical/animal level.

12. Betting on partners.
I partnered up with large billion dollar corporates many times with different startups.
They promise huge stuff, millions of users, but end up just wasting your time, destroy focus, shift priorities, make you spend zillions on ramping up security and compliance, and eventually bring in no users/money.

13. Shiny objects.
I fell for crypt0 hype. Got super rich, then lost it all.
Years wasted. Almost got depressed by seeing how scammy and greedy humans can be, even my own partners.

14. Holding on a bad project for too long.
I kept believing in projects after years of no traction.
I thought that one day something magic will happen and things will go up. It was just a waste of time.

15. Went to tech conferences.
Totally waste of time.
Most people there are the “good” employees of corporations who were sent there as a perk for being loyal to the corporation.

16. Scrum is a Scam.
If I had a team that had to be nagged every morning with questions as if they were children in kindergarten, then things would eventually fail. The only good stuff I managed to do happened with people who were grownups and could manage their stuff on their own. We would just do everything over chat as a sync on goals and plans.

17. Outsourced development & marketing.
The vendors were good, but the outcome was not good.
Startups are so difficult that there is almost no chance someone from outside can do a good job for them.

18. Started with a free tier in b2b.
Free proejcts attracted totally wrong crowd who gave a feedback that was only relevant to please the rest of the "free" crowd. But "paid" users turn out to be very different and have different needs.
Few times I started with no free and had no sales, so later I added free version. But this was a mistake too. If nobody wanna pay for my product, I have to fix the product or find another audience for it.

19. Code from scratch.
My team would spend first 3 months coding basic things like auth, admin panel, cruds and etc.
It was huge waste of time.
The momeny I started using boilerplates, the speed went up 10x.

20. Spent little time with my family & friends.
I worked way too much. Didn't take holidays at all.
It was very destructive for my creativity. Once I started having some off, I became way more creative.
Quality >Quantity.

That's it.
What's your biggest regret as a startup founder?

[Matt Espinoza ✦ @MattEspoz]

I'm building a portfolio of internet companies with this tech stack:

Frontend: @nextjs
Backend: @supabase
Analytics: @posthog
Deployment: @vercel
Payments: @stripe
Emails: @loops
Automation: @zapier
Growth: @ChartMogul
Recordings: @msftClarity
Roadmaps: @cannyHQ
Documentation: @NotionHQ
LandingPage: @webflow
ScreenRecording: @screenstudio
Changelog: @CommandBar

What's yours?

[@levelsio @levelsio]

I had a crazy conversation with a friend who wants to start building startups too, his name is @csonotes and before this he was always a freelancer

The problem he had was he thought every idea he had was not big enough or did not have "product founder fit"

With that he meant he wanted to build a product that fit close to himself as a personality and he gave me as an example of someone with great "product founder fit"

I asked him do you really think I always had a burning passion for interior design and that's why I did Interior AI? Or I have always wanted to enter the model photography industry with Photo AI? Or I'm very very passionate about jobs which is why I have Remote OK?

Nomad List might be the only exception where I acutally do have "product founder fit"

I told him I think it's a highly overrated concept because I had no idea what businesses I would be running when I started and still don't know what I will be running in the next few years, because it's impossible to plan what business you will build. The market changes so fast and most things you do fail. So it's more like surfing waves and the market CHOOSING YOU to do something, not you choosing what to do. You try smell and follow the customer demand, and only then you can have a viable business...for a while, until it ends and the demand goes elsewhere

Elon Musk started by digitizing the Yellow Pages phone book as a startup, now he's building rockets to Mars, sure he has great "product founder fit" now but that's a bit of a big thing to ask for when you're just starting out as a entrepreneur doing your first thing.

Regarding "nothing being big enough for him" (lol btw), you almost always start small, but small things can grow big (lol): Facebook started as an online year book and now it's a bleeding edge VR tech consortium of social media apps. Only if you have millions/billions to burn like again Elon did later in his career, you can start building things more fundamentally from principles where you want humanity to go. Even then it's crazy hard to get that demand, see how Bezos' space startup is doing compared (and he also has the billions to burn!), it's just hard (lollllll).

So yeah IMHO:
1) ignore this "omg it's not big enough" idea, just ship a small thing,
2) if customer demand, or no customer demand, your ship is now in the ocean and you'll start sailing and see where you end up, things start happening cause you took action and made something (and hopefully launched it, talked about it),
3) "product founder fit" is mostly a myth, nobody does exactly what they want to do, and you can't just CONTROL the market like a god to make exactly the business YOU want, you can at maximum steer the ship a little bit, but the waves/wind (aka the market) are 100000x more powerful than you and they'll bring you somewhere else you don't expect to end up!

⛵️ Enjoy sailing the stormy oceans of entrepreneurship!

[Marc Lou @marclou]

In case I forget how I got here...